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Cited by 594Nutritional Studies and DietFood composition and propertiesDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Relation between a diet with a high glycemic load and plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in middle-aged women

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Liu, Simin, Manson, JoAnn E, Buring, Julie E, Stampfer, Meir J, Willett, Walter C, Ridker, Paul M·2002·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1093/ajcn/75.3.492
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Abstract

Background Recent prospective data suggest that intake of rapidly digested and absorbed carbohydrates with a high dietary glycemic load is associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease.Objective We examined whether a high dietary glycemic load was associated with elevated hs-CRP concentrations and whether this association was modified by body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)).Design In 244 apparently healthy women, we measured plasma hs-CRP concentrations and determined average dietary glycemic loads with a validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Using multiple regression models, we evaluated the association between dietary glycemic load and plasma hs-CRP after adjusting for age; treatment status; smoking status; BMI; physical activity level; parental history of myocardial infarction; history of hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol; postmenopausal hormone use; alcohol intake; and other dietary variables.Results We found a strong and statistically significant positive association between dietary glycemic load and plasma hs-CRP. The median hs-CRP concentration for the lowest quintile of dietary glycemic load was 1.9 mg/L and for the highest quintile was 3.7 mg/L; corresponding multivariate-adjusted geometric means were 1.4 and 3.8 mg/L, respectively (P for trend < 0.01). This association was significantly modified by BMI. Among women with a BMI greater-than-or-equal 25, the multivariate-adjusted geometric mean hs-CRP concentration in the lowest quintile was 1.6 mg/L and in the highest quintile was 5.0 mg/L; however, among women with a BMI < 25, the corresponding means were 1.1 and 3.1 mg/L, respectively (P = 0.01 for interaction).Conclusions Dietary glycemic load is significantly and positively associated with plasma hs-CRP in healthy middle-aged women, independent of conventional risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Exacerbation of the proinflammatory process may be a mechanism whereby a high intake of rapidly digested and absorbed carbohydrates increases the risk of ischemic heart disease, especially in overweight women prone to insulin resistance.

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Authors
Liu, S., Manson, J. E., Buring, J. E., Stampfer, M. J., Willett, W. C., & Ridker, P. M.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
ORCID
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-03
Volume
75
Issue
3
Pages
492-498
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/75.3.492
OpenAlex
W1953389641
Cited by
594
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 27
FWCI
33.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5k08dk002767-03, 5r01hl043851-10)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-34595, R01HL058755, HL43851, HL-58755, R01HL034595)
  • National Cancer Institute (N0-CA47988, R01CA047988)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK02767)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
glycemic load, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, inflammation, middle-aged women, body mass index, overweight, insulin resistance, ischemic heart disease risk, postmenopausal women
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Middle Aged, Obesity, Placebos, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Nutrition Assessment, Body Mass Index, Women's Health, Myocardial Ischemia

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