Mood regulation in seasonal affective disorder patients and healthy controls studied in forced desynchrony
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In healthy subjects, both the duration of wakefulness and the circadian pacemaker have been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of mood. Some features of affective disorders suggest that these two factors also play a role in the dysregulation of mood. In particular, disturbances of the circadian pacemaker have been proposed to be a pathogenetic factor in Seasonal Affective Disorder, winter type (SAD). This report presents a test of this proposition. To this end seven SAD patients and matched controls were subjected to a 120-h forced desynchrony protocol, in which they were exposed to six 20-h days. This protocol enables us to discriminate the extent to which the course of mood is determined by the imposed 20-h sleep-wake cycle from the influence of the circadian pacemaker on that course. Patients participated during a depressive episode, after recovery upon light therapy and in summer. Controls were studied in winter and in summer. Between SAD patients and controls no significant differences were observed in the period length nor in the timing of the endogenous circadian temperature minimum. In both groups, sleep-wake cycle- and pacemaker-related components were observed in the variations of mood, which were not significantly different between conditions.
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The role of the biological clock itself in the aetiology of SAD has not been fully established yet.
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- Authors
- Koorengevel, K. M., Beersma, D. G. M., den Boer, J. A., & van den Hoofdakker, R. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Beersma, Domien G.M
- ORCID
- Beersma, Domien G.M
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 57-74
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2096605607
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- seasonal affective disorder, mood regulation, forced desynchrony, circadian pacemaker, sleep-wake cycle, circadian rhythm, depressive episodes, phototherapy, circadian period
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Body Temperature, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Seasons, Sleep Deprivation, Wakefulness, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Polysomnography, Chronobiology Disorders
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