Reliability and factor structure of the Multidimensional Pain Inventory – Swedish Language Version (MPI-S)
Abstract
The psychological assessment of chronic pain is often accomplished using questionnaires such as the (West Haven-Yale) Multidimensional Pain Inventory ((WHY)MPI) which is constructed to capture the multidimensionality of chronic pain. The (WHY)MPI theoretically originates from behavioural and cognitive behavioural theories of pain. It is divided into three parts and measures psychosocial and behavioural consequences of pain. This questionnaire has displayed satisfactory psychometric properties and translations of the original English version into German and Dutch have been demonstrated to be reliable and valid. The aim of this study was to test the reliability and factor structure of a Swedish translation of the (WHY)MPI, the MPI-S, and also to test the generalisability of the factor structure found for the (WHY)MPI. We performed analyses of internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha, and carried out a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) employing LISREL-8 on a population of 682 patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain. Test-retest analysis was accomplished on a sub-sample of 54 individuals taken from the aforementioned population. For sections 1 and 2 of the MPI-S the overall reliability and stability were good, and after the exclusion of four items, the factor structure was similar to other versions of the MPI. For section 3, despite removal of five questions, the proposed factor structure could not be replicated. This part of the inventory is designed to measure the extent of different types of activities, and our results suggest that this section may only be used for assessing general activity level. We conclude that, with a few adjustments, the analyses yielded satisfactory results for sections 1 and 2 of the MPI-S regarding its factor structure, reliability and generalisability. For section 3 the hypothesised factor structure could not be confirmed.
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MPI-S is primarily used to identify patients with well-functioning or dysfunctional coping strategies developed for Swedish usage.
“Multidimensional Pain Inventory‐Swedish version is primarily used to identify patients with well‐functioning or dysfunctional coping strategies developed for Swedish usage23, 24 based on a modified version of West Haven‐Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory.25”
From Cognitive behavioral therapy for frequent attenders in primary care (2018) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Bergström, G., Jensen, I. B., Bodin, L., Linton, S. J., Nygren, Å. L., & Carlsson, S. G.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Örebro University Hospital (SE)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Bergström, Gunnar
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 1998-03
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 101-110
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2031134157
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Keywords
- Multidimensional Pain Inventory, chronic pain, Swedish translation, psychometric properties, factor structure, reliability statistics, chronic musculoskeletal pain, test-retest reliability, internal consistency
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Behavior, Chronic Disease, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Musculoskeletal Diseases, Pain, Psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sweden, Translations, Discriminant Analysis
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