The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 31 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine a generalized equation for predicting maximal heart rate (HRmax) in healthy adults. BACKGROUND The age-predicted HRmax equation (i.e., 220 - age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing. Despite its importance and widespread use, the validity of the HRmax equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults. METHODS First, a meta-analytic approach was used to collect group mean HRmax values from 351 studies involving 492 groups and 18,712 subjects. Subsequently, the new equation was cross-validated in a well-controlled, laboratory-based study in which HRmax was measured in 514 healthy subjects. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, HRmax was strongly related to age (r = -0.90), using the equation of 208 - 0.7 x age. The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 - 0.7 x age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis. The regression line was not different between men and women, nor was it influenced by wide variations in habitual physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS 1) A regression equation to predict HRmax is 208 - 0.7 x age in healthy adults. 2) HRmax is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status. Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HRmax…
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Claims the paper makes
15 Own interpretation · 13 Own result · 9 No full text of the sources · 3 Not checked yet · 2 Own method · 2 No basis given · 1 Partly supported · 1 Sources not found · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“However, similar to the original reports by Fox and Haskell (7,8), these studies probably or definitely included subjects with cardiovascular disease who smoked and/or were taking cardiac medications.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] Londeree, 1984, Influence of age and other factors on maximal heart rate, J Cardiac Rehabil
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Partly supportedcites [11] Sheffield, 1978, Maximal heart rate and treadmill performance of healthy women in relation to age, Circulation sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Subjects and Methods (p. 1) reports that three volunteers took mild antihypertensive medications and that none had been told she had cardiovascular disease other than elevated blood pressure. This supports the medication concern in part, but the paper does not report that its volunteers smoked or had other known cardiovascular disease. Its introduction (p. 1) also says medication use was unreported in an earlier study, not that those subjects definitely took medication. (LLM, conf=0.85)
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“using the equation of 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“The regression equation, when all the subjects were combined, was 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plainn = 514- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation for HR max (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“the rate of decline in HR max observed in the present study is very similar to that reported previously for intrinsic heart rate determined after cardiac autonomic blockade (Ϫ0.6 Ϫ 0.8 beats/min per year) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age alone explained ϳ80% of the individual variance in HR max .”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Again, no significant differences in the HR max regression equation were observed between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Maximal heart rate was inversely related to age in both men and women.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“or between sedentary (212 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) and endurance-trained (205 Ϫ 0.6 ϫ age) subjects.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 11
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The rate of decline and the y intercepts were not different between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data from treadmill and cycle ergometers were evaluated together and separately.There were no differences in the results between the two analyses.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The maximal respiratory exchange ratio (1.17 Ϯ 0.06) and maximal rating of perceived exertion (19.1 Ϯ 0.8) were not different across ages, suggesting consistently similar voluntary maximal efforts.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Second, HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and physical activity status.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“consistent with the present findings, gender (14) and habitual physical activity (16) do not appear to influence intrinsic heart rate in humans.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the traditional equation underestimates HR max past age 40 years, markedly so in older adults.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HR max in older adults.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Conclusions.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted HR max equation (i.e., 220 Ϫ age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] 2000
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [2] Fletcher, 1997, How to implement physical activity in primary and secondary prevention, Circulation source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] Tanaka, 1997, Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in physically active vs. sedentary healthy women, J Appl Physiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“use of the prevailing prediction equation would result in premature termination of the test and possibly failure to attain required exertion levels for diagnostic validity.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“To ensure that each subject achieved maximal exertion, at least three of the following four criteria were met by each subject: 1) a plateau in VO 2 with increasing exercise intensity (Ͻ100 ml); 2) a respiratory exchange ratio of at least 1.15; 3) a maximal respiratory rate of at least 35 breaths/min; and 4) a rating of perceived exertion of at least 18 units on the Borg scale (5).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Each of these conditions influences HR max independent of age (10,12,13).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [12] Wilmore, 1985, Acute response to submaximal and maximal exercise consequent to beta-adrenergic blockade, Am J Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [13] Graettinger, 1995, Relationship of left ventricular structure to maximal heart rate during exercise, Chest source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To eliminate the potentially confounding influence of severe obesity, only subjects with a body mass index Ͻ35 kg/m 2 were included.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Subjects Ͼ50 years of age were further evaluated by physical examination and by rest and maximal exercise electrocardiography ECG (3).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted equation was determined “arbitrarily” from a total of 10 studies.The highest age included was Ͻ65 years, with the majority of subjects being Յ55 years old.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Because we have previously shown that weighted results by sample size were not significantly different from unweighted results (6), no weighting scheme was used in the present meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [6] Fitzgerald, 1997, Age-related decline in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary females, J Appl Physiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“It has been postulated that the primary mechanism is related to an age-related decline in intrinsic heart rate (i.e., independent of autonomic influences) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.
“The latter limitation is crucial in that older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults are often reluctant or unable to measure HRmax directly because of concerns about the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.
“Importantly, older adults are a population in which there is often a reluctance or an inability to measure HR max directly, owing to concerns related to the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The 220 − age HRmax prediction equation is used in older adults more than in any other population.
“Thus, ironically, the 220 Ϫ age HR max prediction equation is used in this population more than in any other.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“The standard deviation for error between predicted and directly-measured maximal heart rate is roughly 13bpm [43].”
From Resting heart rate is a population-level biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness: The Fenland Study (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the validity of this equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults; accordingly, it's utility has been challenged [ 32 , 33 ].”
From Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations (2022) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The age-associated decline in maximal heart rate is typically reported to be unaltered by exercise training,139-142 but some evidence suggests that the decline in maximal heart rate with age can be attenuated by vigorous exercise.143-145”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [142]
Citations
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“An accurate formula to compute the maximal HR [Tanaka et al., 2001] for a healthy person follows the relationship HRmax = 208− 0.”
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Maia, M. M. (2017) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2017.tde-05042017-151025
Potência aeróbia estimada de uma equipe de futsal sub-17 da região oeste do Paraná
Hoffmann, D., Lui, C., Campos, F. D. S., Cardoso, A., Olivoto, R. R., Nunes, R. F. H., & Flores, L. J. F. (2017) · Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte · doi:10.36453/2318-5104.2016.v14.n1.p19
Boldt, K. (2016) · Libraries and Cultural Resources (University of Calgary) · doi:10.11575/prism/25445
Tupy, S. (2014) · Cornerstone (Minnesota State University, Mankato)
Comparação da potência aeróbia e anaeróbia máxima entre atletas juvenis de basquetebol e handebol
Machado, G., Flores, L. F., Mendes, J. C., Olivoto, R. R., Guglielmo, L. G. A., & Nunes, R. F. H. (2017) · Kinesis · doi:10.5902/2316546421873
Tibana, R. A., Nascimento, D. D. C., Manoel, N., et al. (2014)
Souto, A. L., Lima, L. M., de Castro, E. A., Veras, R. P., Segheto, W., Zanatta, T. C., & Doimo, L. A. (2015)
ANÁLISE DAS RESPOSTAS CARDIOVASCULARES AGUDAS NOS EXERCÍCIOS SUPINO RETO E SUPINO VERTICAL
Teixeira, W. A. M., Kersul, L. B. D. C., da Silva, G. R., et al. (2017) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)
Robinson, S., O'Brien, M. W., & Kimmerly, D. S. (2018) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.724.8
Ugatti, D. B., Curty, V. M., Pereira, R., & Machado, M. (2017) · International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology · doi:10.22631/ijaep.v6i2.156
“Concurrent sessions (CON+CAF and CON+PLA) is identical but preceded for 30 min of continuous treadmill running at 75-85% of HRmax predicted according to Tanaka et al.[18] with 5 minutes of rest before RES.”
Methodde Mendonça, M. E. (2017) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.47.2017.tde-21032017-104925
The relationship between habitual incidental physical activities and cardiovascular disease risk
ARGUELLO, D. J. (2016) · Digital Repository Service (Northeastern University) · doi:10.17760/d20196139
Metabolic responses to acute and prolonged hypoxic exposure
Duncan, B. (2017)
de Maringá, C. U., Júnior, S. O. L., Antunes, M. D., et al. (2017) · Geriatrics Gerontology and Aging · doi:10.5327/z2447-211520171700042
Relação entre pico de consumo de oxigênio e qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise
Soares, V., Silva, M. S., Trindade, N. R., Venâncio, P. E. M., Tolentino, G. P., de Avelar, I. S., & Lima, W. A. (2017) · Revista Brasileira de Qualidade de Vida · doi:10.3895/rbqv.v9n4.7180
Rahmatollahi, M. (2018) · Endocrinology&Metabolism International Journal · doi:10.15406/emij.2018.06.00152
“Since TNF-α increases the expression of pre-inflammatory cytokines by activating JNK in adipocytes [12-16], so increases the insulin resistance induced by obesity and thereby provides the suitable conditions for the occurrence or exacerbation of insulin resistance.”
BackgroundClaypool, K. T., & Patel, C. J. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/260398 · Cited by 1
Accuracy of Age-Based Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Equations
이미현, 이효진, 박세정, & 안한주 (2015) · The Korean Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Physical Education and Sports Science · doi:10.21797/ksme.2015.17.2.008
Pulse controlled driver safety awareness system: A pilot study
Çeliker, D., Erçelik, C., & Duru, D. G. (2018) · Electric Electronics, Computer Science, Biomedical Engineerings' Meeting (EBBT) · doi:10.1109/ebbt.2018.8391435
“Arduino ile nab z at mlar n n say lmas sayesinde kalp at m h z (nab z) belirlenebilmektedir [3,4,6].”
BackgroundKnee osteoarthritis and aquatic cycling
Rewald (2018) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20180711sr
de Melo, J. R., Feitoza, M. D. S., Cucato, G. G., et al. (2018) · Fisioterapia e Pesquisa · doi:10.1590/1809-2950/17007725022018
Ausdauertraining in der Therapie
Feodoroff, B., Froböse, I., & Fiehn, R. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-47562-7.00003-7
Effects of high-carbohydrate products consumption on postprandial glycemia in runners
Czaja, J., Stachowicz, M., & Lebiedzińska, A. (2018) · Health Problems of Civilization · doi:10.5114/hpc.2018.74192
Fitness and Health Status among German Senior Managers: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Jedlicka, D., Braumann, K.-M., Halle, M., et al. (2018) · ATHENS JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL SCIENCES · doi:10.30958/ajh.5-2-1
A Timed Seated-Mobility Measure for Older Adults Using Manual Wheelchairs
Connelly, D. M., Pellegrino, E. M., Hutchinson, A. D., et al. (2018) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics · doi:10.1080/02703181.2018.1505799
“The RPE is commonly used in studies with older adults (>60 years) during walking, treadmill or cycle ergometer exercise.(13,16,19,21,24) During another study utilizing maximal graded cycle ergometer exercise, older women (>70 years) were able to quantify their sense of effort using RPE very well (RPE-HR relationship,…”
MethodSingh, R. (2018) · Digital WPI
A Physiological Approach for Minimizing Dead Reckoning Velocity Readings DriftsPreprint
Agha, I., Gaber, J., & Wack, M. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3185289
QT Adaptation during Exercise in Cirrhosis
GiuseppeBarletta, Cardiology Diagnostics, A. O.-U. C., MariaRiccardaDelBene, et al. (2018) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research · doi:10.17554/j.issn.2224-3992.2018.07.805
Tomás, U. S., Delgado, J. C. S., Hortúa, A. M. J., et al. (2019) · IATREIA · doi:10.17533/udea.iatreia.v32n1a01
Exploration of Heat Strain during Light to Moderate Intensity Exercise throughout Pregnancy
Akbari, P. (2018) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-22588
Prusov, P. K. (2018) · Annaly aritmologii · doi:10.15275/annaritmol.2018.2.5
“Использовали следующие критерии достижения VO2max: 1) невозможность поддержания частоты педалирования больше 50 об/мин; 2) дыхательный коэффициент 1,0 и более; 3) невозможность продолжения работы из-за утомления; 4) максимальная частота сердечных сокращений при завершении теста 95% и более от прогнозируемой величины с…”
Kozlov, S. G., Чернова, О. В., Матвеева, М. А., et al. (2018) · Russian Cardiology Bulletin · doi:10.17116/cardiobulletin20181304135
Life after stroke : 'a life I like' and 'a life to live'
Neal, D. (2017) · Bournemouth University Research Online (Bournemouth University)
KCNA4 Gene Variant is Auxiliary in Endurance Running Performance Level
Flecha-Velazquez, K., Fahey, T. D., Martínez, J., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-0824-5394
“The KCNA4 gene is highly expressed in the heart [32].”
BackgroundLana, D. M. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.22.2019.tde-05122018-204232
Wilson, S. M. (2018) · Montana State University ScholarWorks (Montana State University)
Diego Sebastián Peña, P. (2019) · Movimiento Científico · doi:10.33881/2011-7191.mct.12209
Lee, J. S. (2019) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-23398
EXERCISE TOLERANCE IN NORMAL WEIGHT, UNDERWEIGHT, OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADOLESCENTS
Chaychenko, T., Rybka, O., & Buginskaya, N. (2017) · Inter Collegas · doi:10.35339/ic.3.4.170-173
“Maximal predicted heart rate (MPHR) was calculated by Tanaka formula and HRm in patient was compared with MPHR as a percent of it (%MPHR) [8].”
MethodValidade e confiabilidade de testes para a obtenção da frequência cardíaca máxima em natação
Silva, R. G., Amorim, P. R. D. S., Albuquerque, M. R., Pussieldi, G. D. A., Bernardina, G. R. D., Teixeira, R. B., & Marins, J. C. B. (2019) · Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte · doi:10.1016/j.rbce.2019.01.003
ADRB2 GLN27GLU POLYMORPHISM ASSOCIATED WITH ADIPOSITY INDICATORS AND IL-10 IN ADOLESCENTS
de Jesus, Í. C., Alle, L. F., Tureck, L. V., da Silva, L. R., Lopes, W. A., de Moraes-Junior, F. B., Radominski, R. B., Mota, J., Cavaglieri, C. R., & Leite, N. (2019) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/1517-869220192504214836
Alvi, A., Salahuddin, A., Wang, C. Y., et al. (2019) · Archives of Medical Science - Atherosclerotic Diseases · doi:10.5114/amsad.2019.86758
“85% of the maximum predicted heart rate for age (MPHR)) [4].”
BackgroundEffects of variations of speed and slope on locomotor system variability during running
El-Dash, I. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.41.2019.tde-14082019-100756
“HRmax was estimated according to Equation 1, as suggested by TANAKA et al. (2001).”
MethodExercise intensity as a mediator of central and peripheral vascular integrity
Ibeggazene, S. (2018) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)
HEART RATE AS A MEASURE OF EXERCISE INTENSITY IN SOCCER
Śledziewski, D., Garcia, E. S., & Szmuchrowski, L. A. (2016) · CeON Repository (Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science)
Acute Exercise on Reversal Learning
Sanderson, C., & Loprinzi, P. D. (2019) · OBM Neurobiology · doi:10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1904043
Global Positioning Systemを用いた7人制ラグビー競技の主審における試合中の走行距離および速度
藤田, 英., 杉山, 凪., & 山本, 正. (2018) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · doi:10.24692/jsatj.4.1_73
Fernandes, J. F. T. (2018) · ChesterRep (University of Chester) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.10737.43362
Joaquim, A. G. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2019.tde-06092019-141545
Cardoso, C. V., da Mota, C. G., Sampaio, I. C. D. S. P., et al. (2018) · Acta Fisiátrica · doi:10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v25i2a162579
Zimak, B., Tobiasz, A., & Majerczak, J. (2018) · Rehabilitacja Medyczna · doi:10.5604/01.3001.0012.6874
Modeling and Characterization of Acute Stress under Dynamic Task Conditions
Millan, A. (2011) · Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research
Aerobic Capacity and the Management of the Patient with Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Limitations
Anderson, B. J., Garcia, C., & Cahalin, L. P. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-60912-8.00018-x
Vo2 máximo obtido com e sem teste ergométrico
Ribeiro, C. P., Daronco, L. S. E., Jacobi, L. F., et al. (2019) · Saúde (Santa Maria) · doi:10.5902/2236583419529
Cardiovascular stress during in-patient neurorehabilitation
Larsen, B. T., & Støve, M. P. (2020) · European Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1080/21679169.2019.1706632
An individualised approach to monitoring and prescribing training in elite youth football players
Fitzpatrick, J. F. (2019) · Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)
Mählmann, L. (2018) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20180710lm
Wilke, C., Alles, T., Feodoroff, B., et al. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-47562-7.00011-6
Vieillissement et activité physique
Depiesse, F. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-74464-8.00021-8
Krell, J., Kutzner, C., Härtel, S., & Bös, K. (2011) · MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin
PUEDE LA INFUSIÓN DE SUERO MEJORAR LA ECONOMÍA DE CARRERA
Esteve, J., López-Mojares, L., & Juan, A. S. (2004) · Archivos de medicina del deporte: revista de la Federación Española de Medicina del Deporte y de la Confederación Iberoamericana de Medicina del Deporte
Rehabilitation Nursing Care for the Person in the Context of Non-Invasive Ventilation
Teixeira, P., Pinto, M., Alves, L., & Henriques, A. F. (2020) · Advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and care (AMDTC) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-3531-8.ch002
RODRÍGUEZ-BRICEÑO, F., ESPINOZA, C. M., Sotomayor, E. M., & Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, F. (2020) · Revista médica de Chile · doi:10.4067/s0034-98872020000400469
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Muxanovna, K. D., & Kamalatdinovna, M. G. (2020) · CyberLeninK (CyberLeninka)
Muralitharan, L. N., Zahari, W. N. S. W., Izni, N. A., et al. (2020) · IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering · doi:10.1088/1757-899x/884/1/012002
Efecto cardioprotector del ejercicio aeróbico en personas con riesgo de hipertensión arterial
Contreras, D. E. A., & Bezerra, D. R. (2020) · Escuela Militar de Cadetes Jose Maria Cordova eBooks · doi:10.21830/9789585284814.07
Ellyas, I. S., Doewes, M., Hidayatullah, M. F., et al. (2020) · doi:10.4108/eai.20-6-2020.2300697
Evolução do desenvolvimento do secador solar de exposição indireta na UFCG
Costa, N. L., Fernandes, J. F. D. S., Gomes, Í. D. A., et al. (2020) · Editora Poisson eBooks · doi:10.36229/978-65-5866-000-2.cap.02
Qualidade físico-química de Cladódios jovens de palma minimamente processados
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tanaka, H., Monahan, K. D., & Seals, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tanaka, Hirofumi
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 153-156
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090296913
- Semantic Scholar
- 857d95626adc70db6e64da8c5fa9060489db0262
- Cited by
- 3,775
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 249 · 2025: 277 · 2024: 304 · 2023: 240 · 2022: 295 · 2021: 262 · 2020: 273 · 2019: 259 · 2018: 246 · 2017: 189 · 2016: 182 · 2015: 174 · 2014: 178 · 2013: 149 · 2012: 107
- FWCI
- 38.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG-13038, AG 00847, AG-06537, R01AG006537)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- maximal heart rate, heart rate prediction equations, older adults, exercise prescription, exercise testing, physical stress, physical activity behavior, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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