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Amphetamine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine, drug wanting, and novelty seeking: a PET/[11C] raclopride study in healthy men
Abstract
Eight healthy men underwent two positron emission tomography (PET) [11C]raclopride scans, one following placebo, the second following d-amphetamine (0.30 mg/kg, p.o.). PET data were analyzed using: (1) brain parametric maps to statistically generate regions of significant change; and (2) a priori identified regions of interest (ROI) manually drawn on each individual's co-registered magnetic resonance (MR) images. Compared with placebo, d-amphetamine decreased [11C]raclopride binding potential (BP) with significant effects in ventral but not dorsal striatum. Change in BP in the statistically generated cluster correlated with self-reported drug-induced 'drug wanting' (r = 0.83, p =.01) and the personality trait of Novelty Seeking-Exploratory Excitability (r = 0.79, p =.02). The same associations were seen in the manually drawn ROI in ventral striatum but not in dorsal putamen or caudate. Changes in extracellular dopamine (DA) did not correlate with mood. Mesolimbic DA might mediate interest in obtaining reward rather than reward, per se. Individual differences in amphetamine-induced DA release might be related to predispositions to drug and novelty seeking.
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In the citing paper
“Recruitment of brain regions and systems implicated in reward-processing (e.g., ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex) has been linked to measures of sensation seeking in humans and animals”
From Impact of socio-emotional context, brain development, and pubertal maturation on adolescent risk-taking (2013) · cites this paper as Leyton et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Similarly, it is now increasingly clear that increases of human dopamine do not reliably cause enhancement of subjective ratings of pleasure (although many rewards do induce dopamine release as a consequence and correlate, but not the cause, of pleasure) (Leyton et al., 2002; Evans et al., 2006; Liggins et al., 2012).”
From Evolving Concepts of Emotion and Motivation (2018) · cites this paper as Leyton et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Similarly, it is now increasingly clear that increases of human dopamine do not reliably cause enhancement of subjective ratings of pleasure (although many rewards do induce dopamine release as a consequence and correlate, but not the cause, of pleasure) (Leyton et al., 2002; Evans et al., 2006; Liggins et al., 2012).”
From Evolving Concepts of Emotion and Motivation (2018) · cites this paper as Leyton et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Dopamine surges in nucleus accumbens evoked by addictive amphetamine or by L-DOPA correlate poorly with human subjective liking ratings of the drug - but do control their subjective wanting ratings to take more of that drug (Leyton et al., 2002; Evans et al., 2006).”
From Evolving Concepts of Emotion and Motivation (2018) · cites this paper as Leyton et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“In humans, studies show that dopamine levels are more highly correlated with subjective ratings of ‘wanting’ a reward than with pleasure ratings of that same reward (Leyton et al., 2002; Volkow et al., 2002).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Leyton et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Consistent with these data, in healthy humans, amphetamine-induced dopamine changes in ventral but not dorsal striatum were found to predict hedonic responses (Drevets et al., 2001; Leyton et al., 2002; Martinez et al., 2003).”
From A positron emission tomography study of nigro-striatal dopaminergic mechanisms underlying attention: implications for ADHD and its treatment (2013) · cites this paper as Leyton et al., 2002
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Metadata
- Authors
- Leyton, M.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Leyton, M
- ORCID
- Leyton, M
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1027-1035
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071825212
- Cited by
- 476
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 95 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 4.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (36429, MOP–36429)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- amphetamine, extracellular dopamine, novelty seeking, [11C]raclopride, ventral striatum, mesolimbic dopamine system, individual differences, reward seeking, personality traits
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amphetamine, Analysis of Variance, Corpus Striatum, Dopamine, Exploratory Behavior, Extracellular Space, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Behavior, Addictive, Raclopride
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