Ileal and faecal protein digestibility measurement in humans and other non-ruminants – a comparative species view

Hendriks, Wouter H.; van Baal, Jürgen; Bosch, Guido

doi:10.1017/s0007114512002395

Cited by 76Animal Nutrition and PhysiologyGut microbiota and healthRuminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology

Ileal and faecal protein digestibility measurement in humans and other non-ruminants – a comparative species view

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Hendriks, Wouter H., van Baal, Jürgen, Bosch, Guido·2012·British Journal of Nutrition

DOI 10.1017/s0007114512002395

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Abstract

A comparative non-ruminant species view of the contribution of the large intestinal metabolism to inaccuracies in nitrogen and amino acid absorption measurements is provided to assess potential implications for the determination of crude protein/amino acid digestibility in adult humans consuming lower digestible protein sources. Most of the amino acids in the hindgut are constituents of the microorganisms and significant microbial metabolism of dietary and endogenous amino acids occurs. Bacterial metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds leads to a significant disappearance of nitrogen in the large intestine. Literature data show that some 79 % of the nitrogen entering the large intestine of the horse is absorbed. For dogs, sows, and growing pigs these estimates are 49, 34 and 16 %, respectively. The coefficient of gut differentiation of humans compares closely to that of dogs while the coefficient of fermentation in humans is the lowest of all non-ruminant species and closest to that of cats and dogs. Large intestinal digesta transit times of humans compare closest to adult dogs. Significant amino acid metabolism has been shown to occur in the large intestine of the adult dog. Use of the growing pig as an animal model is likely to underestimate the fermentation of amino acids in the human large intestine. Based on the significant degree of fermentation of nitrogen-containing components in the large intestine of several non-ruminant species, it can be expected that determination of amino acid digestibility at a faecal level in humans consuming low quality proteins would not provide accurate estimates of the amino acids absorbed by the intestine.

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The composition and digestibility of plant and animal proteins differ, so both types need to be evaluated.
“However, the composition and digestibility of both of these types of proteins differ (4,19) , and both plant and animal proteins, therefore, need to be evaluated.”
From Values for digestible indispensable amino acid scores (DIAAS) for some dairy and plant proteins may better describe protein quality than values calculated using the concept for protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores (PDCAAS) (2017) · cites this paper as [19]
In rats, whey protein concentrate (WPC) had a greater protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) than skimmed milk powder (SMP), soya protein isolate (SPI), and soya protein concentrate.
“results indicated that WPC had greater PDCAAS than SMP, SPI and soya protein concentrate (7,19)”
From Values for digestible indispensable amino acid scores (DIAAS) for some dairy and plant proteins may better describe protein quality than values calculated using the concept for protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores (PDCAAS) (2017) · cites this paper as [19]

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Authors: Hendriks, W. H., van Baal, J., & Bosch, G.
Affiliations: Utrecht University (NL)
Wageningen University & Research (NL)
Corresponding author: Hendriks, Wouter H.
ORCID: Hendriks, Wouter H.
Bosch, Guido
Venue: British Journal of Nutrition
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2012-08
Volume: 108
Issue: S2
Pages: S247-S257
ISSN: 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
1475-2662
DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512002395
OpenAlex: W2041423597
Cited by: 76
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 9.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Keywords: ileal protein digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, nitrogen uptake, amino acid uptake, dogs, pigs, horses, sows, cats, amino acid digestibility
MeSH terms: Amino Acids, Animals, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Digestion, Feces, Gastrointestinal Transit, Humans, Ileum, Intestine, Large, Nitrogen, Models, Animal

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Ileal and faecal protein digestibility measurement in humans and other non-ruminants – a comparative species view

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