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Impaired divided attention predicts delayed response and risk to relapse in subjects with depressive disorders
Abstract
Background. This study addresses the complex relationship between cognitive function and the course of depression. Method. A sample of patients (n=73) in a depressive episode (major depression or bipolar disorder) was tested with a comprehensive battery of attention and executive tasks at both admission and discharge. In addition, response to pharmacological treatment and remission was assessed with standardized rating scales. Nineteen patients, recovered from depression, were re-investigated 6 months after discharge to determine whether specific cognitive parameters were related to subsequent relapse. Results. On admission, patients were impaired in almost all cognitive tasks. At discharge, we found a significant reduction in psychopathology, but only marginal cognitive improvements. Non-responders after 4 weeks of antidepressive medication and subjects who did not achieve remission prior to discharge were specifically impaired in divided attention on admission (p<0·05). In addition, a trend was found for the association between impaired divided attention at discharge and an elevated risk to relapse (p<0·10). Conclusions. We observed generalized cognitive impairment in most cognitive domains in acute depression. Cognitive impairments were still within abnormal ranges at discharge but less distinct. Divided attention performance predicted response to treatment, remission of symptoms, and risk to relapse. Impaired divided attention capacity can be explained either by reduced attentional resources or impaired activation and/or top-down control of attentional resources by the central executive.
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“Attention impairments in particular are known to negatively impact daily function3,4 and are associated with poorer clinical outcome5.”
From Paying attention to attention in depression (2019) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“while poorer divided attention is associated with delayed response and increased risk of relapse5 as well as higher suicidality37.”
From Paying attention to attention in depression (2019) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Many studies, albeit largely observational or with a mix of medications used, show no change in sustained attention25,99, selective attention100, or divided attention5,101, despite improvements in mood symptoms.”
From Paying attention to attention in depression (2019) · cites this paper as [5]
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A meta-analysis of cognitive deficits in first-episode Major Depressive Disorder
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“Moreover, cognitive impairments in MDD are associated with higher rates of relapse and recurrence (Fossati et al., 2002; Majer et al., 2004) due to a number of underlying mechanisms.”
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“Also, impairment in divided attention, defined as difficulty in attending to both visual and auditory stimuli, was found to be predictive of the outcome of the depressive course in one study (Majer et al., 2004).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialPaying attention to attention in depression
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Self-citationCognitive dysfunction in depression: Neurocircuitry and new therapeutic strategies
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“…sustained attention, verbal learning and memory and executive functions, even after significant improvement of depressive symptoms (Fava et al., 2006; Hammar, Lund, & Hugdahl, 2003a; Majer et al., 2004; Paelecke-Habermann, Pohl, & Leplow, 2005; Reischies & Neu, 2000; Weiland-Fiedler et al., 2004).”
Cognitive dysfunction in unipolar depression: Implications for treatment
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Reppermund, S., Ising, M., Lucae, S., & Zihl, J. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170800411x · Cited by 219
“In contrast to Majer et al. (2004) andWeiland-Fiedler et al. (2004) we did not find a relationship between cognitive function and further course of depression.”
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Douglas, K. M., & Porter, R. J. (2009) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/00048670903279887 · Cited by 217
“studies, patients had been classed as remitters versus non-remitters (and responders vs non-responders), but this information was used only for baseline neuropsychological comparisons and predictions [6,7].”
MethodThe Effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Autobiographical Memory
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“Studies using a healthy control group can measure this to a certain extent, but it cannot be assumed that depressed patients have entirely normal functioning preepisode.(24,25) That is, although a comparison could be made to distinguish differences in performance between healthy participants and depressed patients at…”
BackgroundOverweight and Obesity Affect Treatment Response in Major Depression
Kloiber, S., Ising, M., Reppermund, S., Horstmann, S., Dose, T., Majer, M., Zihl, J., Pfister, H., Unschuld, P. G., Holsboer, F., et al. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.10.001 · Cited by 208
Self-citationImproving Outcome of Psychosocial Treatments by Enhancing Memory and Learning
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“, 2004) and poorer therapeutic outcome as well as increased risk of relapse (Majer et al., 2004).”
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“Reduced cognitive functioning in phases of recovery and being unable to achieve at a premorbid level may lead to negative self-representation and ruminative tendencies (7, 90, 91), and thus increase the risk of relapse and recurrence of the illness (29, 38, 92).”
BackgroundOnline games training aging brains: limited transfer to cognitive control functions
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“The Test of Attentional Performance (Majer et al., 2004) requires participants to perform a visual discrimination task and an auditory 1-back task in parallel.”
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Successful Antidepressant Therapy Restores the Disturbed Interplay Between TNF-α System and HPA Axis
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Self-citationHierarchical functional system development supports executive function
Keller, A. S., Sydnor, V. J., Pines, A. R., Fair, D. A., Bassett, D. S., & Satterthwaite, T. D. (2022) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2022.11.005 · Cited by 130
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“In accordance with previous publications from the Max-Planck Institute (Zobel et al., 2001; Binder et al., 2004; Majer et al., 2004), remission was defined as a reduction of the 21 items HAM-D scores below a total score of 10 points.”
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“In five of the samples (total n = 291), poorer executive function/attention was associated with poorer response to various pharmacological treatments (37, 39, 40, 42, 43).”
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Spijker, A. T., & van Rossum, E. F. C. (2009) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04985.x · Cited by 101
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“Taken together with findings that impairments seem to be related to higher rates of relapse and recurrence (Majer et al. 2004), the early treatment of persisting cognitive impairment may prove to be an important step in reducing the everyday impact and chronicity of mental disorders.”
BackgroundTrajectories of depressive symptoms and associated patterns of cognitive decline
Formánek, T., Csajbók, Z., Wolfová, K., Kučera, M., Tom, S. E., Aarsland, D., & Čermáková, P. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77866-6 · Cited by 98
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“The two studies of younger people with MDD that are available both have methodological shortcomings : very small samples (Dunkin et al. 2000) and very high attrition (Majer et al. 2004).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialCognition as a treatment target in depression
Kaser, M., Zaman, R., & Sahakian, B. J. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716003123 · Cited by 96
“Cognitive dysfunction in depression is associated with poorer psychosocial functioning (Jaeger et al. 2006), and higher rate of relapse (Majer et al. 2004).”
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“In support of the DED model, several studies have reported that depressed patients who display executive dysfunction are less likely to respond to antidepressant treatment (Kalayam and Alexopoulos, 1999; Dunkin et al., 2000; Kampf-Sherf et al., 2004; Majer et al., 2004; Alexopoulos et al., 2005; Sneed et al., 2007), h…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialPerception of facial emotion in adults with bipolar or unipolar depression and controls
Schaefer, K. L., Baumann, J., Rich, B. A., Luckenbaugh, D. A., & Zarate, C. A. (2010) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.04.024 · Cited by 95
“Research on attentional deficits in medicated as well as unmedicated MDD report mixed results (Boone et al., 1995; Fischer et al., 2008; Majer et al., 2004).”
ResultPersistent non-verbal memory impairment in remitted major depression — Caused by encoding deficits?
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“Moreover, impaired CF is believed to be an important factor in the maintenance of a vicious cycle of depressive symptomatology (DS), reduced DF and MDD recurrence (Ahern, Bockting, & Semkovska, 2019; Jaeger et al., 2006; Majer et al., 2004).”
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“Depression-related cognitive dysfunctions are generally associated with a higher rate of relapse [5], seen as a major factor contributing to functional impairments [6], and frequently persist after remission of a major depressive episode [7].”
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“Cognitive impairment in MDD has been associated with higher rates of relapse and recurrence (Majer et al., 2004; Sumner et al., 2010), reinforcing the idea that neurocognitive abnormalities could constitute markers of acquired vulnerability.”
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“One study focusing on this relationship followed first-episode and recurrent patient groups longitudinally and found that deficits in divided attention were associated with delayed response and risk to relapse (Majer et al., 2004).”
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“Persistent neurocognitive problems in the context of improved mood state (Fava et al., 2006; Majer et al., 2004; Paelecke-Habermann et al., 2005) are also associated with poor psychosocial functioning (Murrough et al.”
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“compared to normal controls. Cognitive impairment, in particular divided attention performance, predicted response to treatment, remission of symptoms, and risk of relapse [”
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“Cognitive deficits are a major burden in depressed subjects and contribute to the prediction of both the clinical response to therapy and the further course of the illness [22,40].”
BackgroundAttention deficits in adults with Major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Improving outcome for mental disorders by enhancing memory for treatment
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“Memory impairment is associated with worse outcome including poorer social functioning and increased risk of relapse (Barden et al., 2006; Cohen, Forbes, Mann, & Blanchard, 2006; Majer et al., 2004; Martinez-Aran et al., 2004; Polak, Witteveen, Reitsma, & Olff, 2012).”
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“Cognitive dysfunction has been shown to be associated with poorer functional outcomes (2,3) and higher rates of relapse (4) in patients with depression.”
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“Importantly, cognitive deficits in depression are associated with higher relapse and recurrence (Fossati et al. 2002; Majer et al. 2004), along with reduced coping abilities and treatment compliance (Dunkin et al.”
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“The persistence of cognitive impairments has shown to be associated with relapse and functional recovery (Jaeger et al., 2006; Alexopoulos et al., 2000; Majer et al., 2004).”
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“5 Males, n (%) 48 (24) Whites, n (%) 134 (68) College graduate, n (%) 100 (51) Ham-D, mean 17 4.”
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Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in mood disorders: A systematic review
Barczyk, Z. A., Foulds, J., Porter, R., & Douglas, K. M. (2023) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.13321 · Cited by 60
“The following information was extracted: (1) sample characteristics, including sample size, gender and age; (2) study design; (3) mood disorder measurements, including severity of any current mood episode as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale or MontgomeryÅsberg Depression Rati…”
MethodThe relationship between depression and cognitive deficits.
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Evidence of language-related left hypofrontality in Major Depression: An EEG Beta band study
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“In addition, divided attention performance may predict treatment response and relapse risk in patients with bipolar depression and unipolar depression.(33) The relationship between cognitive function and mood episodes may be theorized in three ways.”
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“…it is well known that higher depression severity entails cognitive performances, specifically attentional control, memory (Clark et al., 2009; Majer et al., 2004; McClintock et al., 2010) and cognitive flexibility (Austin et al., 2001; Murphy et al., 2012), as described also in schizophrenia…”
BackgroundUnschuld, P. G., Joel, S. E., Pekar, J. J., Reading, S. A. J., Oishi, K., McEntee, J., Shanahan, M. R., Bakker, A., Margolis, R. L., Bassett, S. S., et al. (2012) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.01.002 · Cited by 44
“This fits well with a concatenation of studies demonstrating interrelations of systems involved in cognitive and emotional processing and greater vulnerability of depressed patients to cognitive stress (Zihl et al., 1998; Ravnkilde et al., 2002; Majer et al., 2004; Reppermund et al., 2007).”
BackgroundBaune, B. T., Li, X., & Beblo, T. (2013) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2013.824071 · Cited by 42
“…function (Martinez-Aran, Vieta, Colom, et al., 2004; Martinez-Aran, Vieta, Reinares, et al., 2004), and decreased neurocognitive function may predict rate of clinical remission, risk of disease relapse (Majer et al., 2004), and time to clinical recovery (Gruber, Rosso, & Yurgelun-Todd, 2008).”
BackgroundExecutive function and cardiac autonomic regulation in depressive disorders
Hoffmann, A., Ettinger, U., del Paso, G. A. R., & Duschek, S. (2017) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2017.08.003 · Cited by 44
“Most of the aforementioned studies investigated patients receiving inpatient treatment, who by definition may have been more severely affected (e.g. Dillon et al., 2015; Egeland et al., 2005; Gohier et al., 2009; Harvey et al., 2004; Jaeger et al., 2006; Mahurin et al., 2006; Majer et al., 2004; Markela-Lerenc, Kaiser…”
InfluentialZihl, J., Reppermund, S., Thüm, S., & Unger, K. (2010) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.12.002 · Cited by 44
Self-citationLearning cognitive behavior therapy
Gumport, N. B., Williams, J. J., & Harvey, A. G. (2015) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.03.015 · Cited by 40
“Also, depression is characterized by neuropsychological impairments, such as memory and attention (Behnken et al., 2010; Campbell & MacQueen, 2004; MacQueen et al., 2003; Videbech & Ravnkilde, 2004), and these are associated with poorer outcome (Majer et al., 2004).”
BackgroundPediatric depression: is there evidence to improve evidence‐based treatments?
Brent, D. A., & Maalouf, F. T. (2009) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02037.x · Cited by 40
“Measures that are state- or biomarkers of depression, such as neurocognitive deficits, may be useful to identify youth at risk for relapse, and to modify treatment for those who fail to respond (Majer et al., 2004; Siegle, Ghinassi, & Thase, 2007).”
BackgroundExploration of Major Cognitive Deficits in Medication-Free Patients With Major Depressive Disorder
Jin, L., Dong, Q., Lu, X., Sun, J., Zhang, L., Wang, M., Wan, P., Guo, H., Zhao, F., Ju, Y., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00836 · Cited by 41
“Arch Clin Neuropsychol: Off J Natl Acad Neuropsychol (2011) 26(7):677–86.”
BackgroundAhern, E., White, J., & Slattery, E. J. (2024) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-023-09629-9 · Cited by 44
“Furthermore, cognitive deficits in MDD can be implicated in the maintenance of the depressive cycle (Maeshima et al., 2016; Majer et al., 2004; Schmid & Hammar, 2013) and failure to achieve full functional recovery (Bortolato et al., 2016).”
Attentional Functions in Major Depressive Disorders With and Without Comorbid Anxiety
Lyche, P., Jonassen, R., Stiles, T. C., Ulleberg, P., & Landrø, N. I. (2010) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/acq095 · Cited by 46
“Keywords: Unipolar major depression; Comorbid anxiety; Executive attention; Stroop; Attentional Network Test”
BackgroundVoegeli, G., Cléry-Melin, M.-L., Ramoz, N., & Gorwood, P. A. P. M. (2017) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-017-0819-9 · Cited by 40
Cognitive Impairment Along the Course of Depression: Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options
Listunova, L., Roth, C., Bartolovic, M., Kienzle, J., Bach, C., Weisbrod, M., & Roesch-Ely, D. (2018) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000492620 · Cited by 38
Longitudinal course of cognitive function across treatment in patients with MDD: A meta-analysis
Bernhardt, M., Klauke, S., & Schröder, A. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.021 · Cited by 43
Keilp, J. G., Madden, S. P., Gorlyn, M., Burke, A. K., Oquendo, M. A., & Mann, J. J. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.034 · Cited by 37
Jin, L., Dong, Q., Lu, X., Sun, J., Zhang, L., Wang, M., Liu, B., Ju, Y., Wan, P., Guo, H., et al. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.091 · Cited by 38
Keefe, R. S. E., Cañadas, E., Farlow, D., & Etkin, A. (2022) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.21020125 · Cited by 36
The interrelationship between attentional and executive deficits in major depressive disorder
Nilsson, J., Thomas, A. J., Stevens, L. H., McAllister-Williams, H., Ferrier, I. N., & Gallagher, P. (2016) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12570 · Cited by 36
“Their clinical importance has been supported by associations with greater disability in life and work functioning as well as an increased risk of relapse (5, 6).”
BackgroundNeuromodulation of Attentional Control in Major Depression: A Pilot DeepTMS Study
Naim-Feil, J., Bradshaw, J. L., Sheppard, D. M., Rosenberg, O., Levkovitz, Y., Dannon, P., Fitzgerald, P. B., Isserles, M., & Zangen, A. (2016) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2016/5760141 · Cited by 33
“Attentional deficits have been identified in patients with MDD [2– 7] and are associated with increased depressive symptoms [8] and a heightened vulnerability to relapse [9].”
Depping, M. S., Schmitgen, M. M., Bach, C., Listunova, L., Kienzle, J., Kubera, K. M., Roesch-Ely, D., & Wolf, R. C. (2020) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-020-01157-z · Cited by 31
Neurocognitive profile of outpatients with unipolar depressive disorders
Schwert, C., Stohrer, M., Aschenbrenner, S., Weisbrod, M., & Schröder, A. (2019) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2019.1634180 · Cited by 32
“The clinical importance of cognitive deficits has been associated with greater disability in life and work functioning as well as with an increased risk of relapse (Jaeger, Berns, Uzelac, & Davis-Conway, 2006; Majer et al., 2004).”
BackgroundPatient predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy and schema therapy for depression
Carter, J. D., McIntosh, V. V. W., Jordan, J., Porter, R., Douglas, K. M., FRAMPTON, C. M. A., & Joyce, P. R. (2018) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867417750756 · Cited by 35
Exekutive Funktionen bei depressiven Patienten
Vasić, N., Wolf, R. C., & Walter, H. (2007) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-006-2240-6 · Cited by 28
Executive Functioning at Baseline Prospectively Predicts Depression Treatment Response
Dawson, E. L., Caveney, A. F., Meyers, K. K., Weisenbach, S. L., Giordani, B., Avery, E. T., Schallmo, M., Bahadori, A., Bieliauskas, L. A., Mordhorst, M. J., et al. (2017) · The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders · doi:10.4088/pcc.16m01949 · Cited by 29
Aniwattanapong, D., List, J., Ramakrishnan, N., Bhatti, G. S., & Jorge, R. E. (2022) · Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface · doi:10.1016/j.neurom.2021.11.009 · Cited by 30
SUSTAINED ATTENTION IN MAJOR UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION
van der Meere, J., Börger, N. A., & Os, T. W. D. P. V. (2007) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.104.4.1350-1354 · Cited by 29
Mikoteit, T., Hemmeter, U., Eckert, A., Brand, S., Bischof, R., Delini-Stula, A., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., & Beck, J. (2015) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000437439 · Cited by 25
Haegen, M. V., & Luminet, O. (2015) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2015.1067279 · Cited by 32
“found no significant relationship between cognitive impairments, severity of depression, and types of comorbidities (Bearden et al., 2006; Majer et al., 2004).”
BackgroundSchaefer, J. D., Scult, M. A., Caspi, A., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D. W., Hariri, A. R., Harrington, H., Houts, R., Ramrakha, S., Poulton, R., et al. (2017) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s095457941700164x · Cited by 29
“Greater cognitive deficits in the context of MDD in turn are associated with increased symptom severity (McDermott & Ebmeier, 2009), higher rates of relapse and recurrence (Majer et al., 2004), and impaired functioning after discharge from psychiatric hospitalization (Jaeger, Berns, Uzelac, & Davis-Conway, 2006).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialFeatures of autonomic cardiovascular control during cognition in major depressive disorder
Bair, A., Marksteiner, J., Falch, R., Ettinger, U., del Paso, G. A. R., & Duschek, S. (2020) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13628 · Cited by 25
Internally vs. externally triggered movements in patients with major depression
Hoffstaedter, F., Sarlon, J., Grefkes, C., & Eickhoff, S. B. (2011) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2011.11.024 · Cited by 25
Cerebral blood flow responses during prosaccade and antisaccade preparation in major depression
Hoffmann, A., Ettinger, U., Montoro, C. I., del Paso, G. A. R., & Duschek, S. (2018) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-018-0956-5 · Cited by 27
Hu, Y., Li, J., Zhao, Y., Dong, Z., Qiu, P., Yang, S., Xu, H., Kuang, W., & Gong, Q. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.048 · Cited by 23
Relationship Between Residual Symptoms of Depression and Self-reported Cognitive Impairment
Pedrelli, P., Baer, L., Iosifescu, D. V., & D, M. F. M. (2010) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900000298 · Cited by 23
van Amelsvoort, T., & Hernaus, D. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00082 · Cited by 21
“The fact that assessments of executive functions in psychiatric disorders predict relapse/remission (9, 22, 23), functional outcome (24, 25), and in some cases, treatment response (26, 27) suggests that it is a core transdiagnostic symptom domain that requires adequate treatment.”
Effortful information processing in patients with major depression — A 10-year follow-up study
Hammar, Å., & Årdal, G. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.11.020 · Cited by 26
“, 2010), and continues to endure even in remission (Reischies and Neu, 2000; Majer et al., 2004; Weiland-Fiedler et al., 2004; Neu et al., 2005; Paelecke-Habermann et al., 2005; Smith et al., 2006; Gruber et al., 2007; Nakano et al., 2008; Årdal and Hammar, 2011).”
BackgroundMetts, A. V., Keilp, J. G., Kishon, R., Oquendo, M. A., Mann, J. J., & Miller, J. M. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.011 · Cited by 18
Dotson, V. M., Gradone, A. M., Bogoian, H. R., Minto, L. R., Taiwo, Z., & Salling, Z. (2021) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617721000710 · Cited by 19
“The most common outcome of LLD with cognitive impairment is persistent cognitive problems after affective symptoms have remitted (Lee, Potter, Wagner, WelshBohmer, & Steffens, 2007; Majer et al., 2004; Murphy & Alexopoulos, 2004; Nebes et al., 2003; Semkovska et al., 2019).”
BackgroundBiedermann, S. V., Bumb, J. M., Demirakça, T., Ende, G., & Sartorius, A. (2016) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12652 · Cited by 19
“In addition, it was hypothesized that persistent neuropsychological deficits might even predict relapse of depressive episodes (6).”
BackgroundAverill, I. R. E., Beaglehole, B., Douglas, K. M., Jordan, J., Crowe, M., Inder, M., Lacey, C. J., FRAMPTON, C. M. A., Bowie, C. R., & Porter, R. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2038-2 · Cited by 20
Keller, A. S., Jagadeesh, A. V., Bugatus, L., Williams, L. M., & Kalanit Grill-spector, A. (2022) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118900 · Cited by 18
Hammar, Å., Neto, E., Clemo, L., Hjetland, G. J., Hugdahl, K., & Elliott, R. (2016) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.134 · Cited by 18
“…Årdal, Lund, & Hammar, 2011; Årdal & Hammar, 2011) and are even observed in patients in full remission (Gruber, Rathgeber, Bräunig, & Gauggel, 2007; Majer et al., 2004; Nakano et al., 2008; Neu et al., 2005; Paelecke-Habermann, Pohl, & Leplow, 2005; Reischies & Neu, 2000; Smith, Muir, & Blackwood,…”
Harvey, A. G., Dong, L., Lee, J. Y., Gumport, N. B., Hollon, S. D., Rabe‐Hesketh, S., Hein, K., Haman, K., McNamara, M. E., Weaver, C., et al. (2017) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2276-x · Cited by 18
Ren, J., Wu, Z., Peng, D., Huang, J., Xia, W., Xu, J., Wang, C., Cui, L., Fang, Y., & Zhang, C. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.015 · Cited by 17
The relationship between “Eyes Reading” ability and verbal memory in bipolar disorder
Dalkner, N., Bengesser, S., Birner, A., Fellendorf, F. T., Hamm, C., Platzer, M., Pilz, R., Queissner, R., Rieger, A., Weber, B., et al. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.015 · Cited by 18
Cognitive Dysfunctions after Recovery from Major Depressive Episodes
Yamamoto, T., & Shimada, H. (2012) · Applied Neuropsychology Adult · doi:10.1080/09084282.2011.643959 · Cited by 17
“…implications for clinical management, because such cognitive deficits may influence social and occupational role functioning (Austin et al., 2001) and affect the adoption of therapeutic strategies and the subsequent course of illnesses (Majer et al., 2004; Paelecke-Habermann et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialCerebral blood flow modulations during cognitive control in major depressive disorder
Hoffmann, A., Montoro, C. I., del Paso, G. A. R., & Duschek, S. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.011 · Cited by 17
Metadata
- Authors
- MAJER, M., ISING, M., KÜNZEL, H., BINDER, E. B., HOLSBOER, F., MODELL, S., & ZIHL, J.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2004-11
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1453-1463
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W1981847343
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- divided attention, cognitive impairment, depression, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, relapse risk, treatment response, remission, executive function, central executive, top-down control, attentional resources, antidepressants
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attention, Bipolar Disorder, Cognition Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies
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