The effect of acutely administered MDMA on subjective and BOLD-fMRI responses to favourite and worst autobiographical memories
Open accessAbstract
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a potent monoamine-releaser that is widely used as a recreational drug. Preliminary work has supported the potential of MDMA in psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying its putative efficacy are, however, poorly understood. Psychotherapy for PTSD usually requires that patients revisit traumatic memories, and it has been argued that this is easier to do under MDMA. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the effect of MDMA on recollection of favourite and worst autobiographical memories (AMs). Nineteen participants (five females) with previous experience with MDMA performed a blocked AM recollection (AMR) paradigm after ingestion of 100 mg of MDMA-HCl or ascorbic acid (placebo) in a double-blind, repeated-measures design. Memory cues describing participants' AMs were read by them in the scanner. Favourite memories were rated as significantly more vivid, emotionally intense and positive after MDMA than placebo and worst memories were rated as less negative. Functional MRI data from 17 participants showed robust activations to AMs in regions known to be involved in AMR. There was also a significant effect of memory valence: hippocampal regions showed preferential activations to favourite memories and executive regions to worst memories. MDMA augmented activations to favourite memories in the bilateral fusiform gyrus and somatosensory cortex and attenuated activations to worst memories in the left anterior temporal cortex. These findings are consistent with a positive emotional-bias likely mediated by MDMA's pro-monoaminergic pharmacology.
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THC at encoding reduced DRM false-memory formation.
“This is consistent with other research in this field, where THC at encoding reduced DRM falsememory formation (19)”
From Hazy memories in the courtroom: A review of alcohol and other drug effects on false memory and suggestibility (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
The Methods section describes participants recalling favourite and worst autobiographical memories under MDMA or placebo. Searches for THC, the DRM paradigm, and false-memory formation found no passage addressing the attributed claim; the cited paper’s finding about MDMA and recollection does not establish an effect of THC at encoding. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Carhart-Harris, R. L., Wall, M. B., Erritzoe, D., Kaelen, M., Ferguson, B., De Meer, I., Tanner, M., Bloomfield, M., Williams, T. M., Bolstridge, M., Stewart, L., Morgan, C. J., Newbould, R. D., Feilding, A., Curran, H. V., & Nutt, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- Beckley Foundation (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Carhart-Harris, R. L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-12-17
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 04
- Pages
- 527-540
- ISSN
- 1461-1457 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-5111
- OpenAlex
- W2124413615
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 5.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (ACF-2013-21-501, ACF-2014-18-010)
- Imperial College London
- Medical Research Council (MR/J00460X/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, autobiographical memory, recollection, memory valence, emotional bias, post-traumatic stress disorder, MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, hippocampus, fusiform gyrus, anterior temporal cortex, monoamine release
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Placebos, Mental Recall, Serotonin Agents, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Functional Neuroimaging, Memory, Episodic
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