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Determination of Perfluorinated Surfactants in Surface Water Samples by Two Independent Analytical Techniques: Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and 19F NMR
Abstract
Perfluorinated surfactants are an important class of specialty chemicals that have received recent attention as a result of their persistence in the environment. Two analytical methods for the determination of perfluorinated surfactants in aqueous samples were developed in order to investigate a spill of 22000 L of fire retardant foam containing perfluorinated surfactants into Etobicoke Creek (Toronto, Ontario). With the first method, aliquots of surface water (0.2-200 mL) were preconcentrated using solid-phase extraction. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was employed for identification and quantification of each perfluorinated surfactant. Total perfluorinated surfactant concentrations in surface water samples ranged from 0.011 to 2270 microg/L, and perfluorooctanesulfonate was the predominant surfactant observed. Interestingly, perfluorooctanoate was detected in surface water sampled upstream of the spill. A second method employing 19F NMR was developed for the determination of total perfluorinated surfactant concentrations in aqueous samples (2-100 mL). By 19F NMR, the surface water concentrations ranged from nondetect (method detection limit, 10 microg/L for a 100-mL sample) to 17000 microg/L. These methods permit comprehensive evaluation of aqueous samples for the presence of perfluorinated surfactants and have applicability to other sample matrixes.
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Citations
Cites
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Metadata
- Authors
- Moody, C. A., Kwan, W. C., Martin, J. W., Muir, D. C. G., & Mabury, S. A.
- Venue
- Analytical Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2001-04-13
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2200-2206
- ISSN
- 0003-2700 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6882
- OpenAlex
- W1965345679
- Cited by
- 274
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 12.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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