Cited by 36Mollusks and Parasites StudiesPolymer Surface Interaction StudiesPolysaccharides Composition and Applications

Gastropod Mucus: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Biological Activities, Applications, and Strategic Priorities

Open access
Liegertová, Michaela, Malý, Jan·2023·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering

Abstract

Terrestrial gastropod mucus exhibits multifunctional attributes, enabling diverse applications. This comprehensive review integrates insights across biomedicine, biotechnology, and intellectual property to elucidate the bioactivities, physicochemical properties, and ecological roles of snail and slug mucus. Following an overview of mucus functional roles in gastropods, promising applications are highlighted in wound healing, antimicrobials, biomaterials, and cosmetics, alongside key challenges. An analysis of global patent trends reveals surging innovation efforts to leverage gastropod mucus. Strategic priorities include bioprospecting natural diversity, optimizing stabilization systems, recombinant biosynthesis, and fostering collaboration to translate promising potentials sustainably into impactful technologies. Ultimately, harnessing the remarkable multifunctionality of gastropod mucus holds immense opportunities for transformative innovations in biomedicine, biotechnology, and beyond.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01096

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Snail mucus of different snail species is proposed for the treatment of chronic lesions, skin conditions, post-surgical infections, stomach ulcers, etc.

    “Snail mucus of different snail species is proposed for the treatment of chronic lesions, skin conditions, post-surgical infections, stomach ulcers, etc. [62,65,66].”

    From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [66]

    The Wound Healing and Tissue Repair section describes potential uses for chronic wounds and infected skin wounds, while Cosmetic and Skincare Applications discusses inflammatory skin conditions. Other Therapeutic Applications reports antiulcer effects. The copy does not specifically propose snail mucus for post-surgical infections, so that part of the attributed claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 86

  1. Ito S.; et al. High molecular weight lectin isolated from the mucus of the giant African snail Achatina fulica. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011, 75, 20– 25. 10.1271/bbb.100389. 21228483 · DOI
  2. Shirtcliffe N. J.; McHale G.; Newton M. I. Wet adhesion and adhesive locomotion of snails on anti-adhesive non-wetting surfaces. PLoS One 2012, 7, e36983 10.1371/journal.pone.0036983. 22693563 PMC3365046 · DOI
  3. Greistorfer S.; et al. Snail mucus - glandular origin and composition in Helix pomatia. Zoology (Jena) 2017, 122, 126– 138. 10.1016/j.zool.2017.05.001. 28554685 · DOI
  4. Ng T. P.; et al. Snails and their trails: the multiple functions of trail-following in gastropods. Biol. Rev. Camb Philos. Soc. 2013, 88, 683– 700. 10.1111/brv.12023. 23374161 · DOI
  5. Noothuan N.; Apitanyasai K.; Panha S.; Tassanakajon A. Snail mucus from the mantle and foot of two land snails, Lissachatina fulica and Hemiplecta distincta, exhibits different protein profile and biological activity. BMC Res. Notes 2021, 14, 138 10.1186/s13104-021-05557-0. 33858499 PMC8050916 · DOI · Paper page
  6. Deng T.; et al. A natural biological adhesive from snail mucus for wound repair. Nat. Commun. 2023, 14, 396 10.1038/s41467-023-35907-4. 36693849 PMC9873654 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Smith A. M.; Huynh P.; Griffin S.; Baughn M.; Monka P. Strong, Non-specific Adhesion Using C-Lectin Heterotrimers in a Molluscan Defensive Secretion. Integr Comp Biol. 2021, 61, 1440– 1449. 10.1093/icb/icab100. 34048555 · DOI
  8. Gentili V.; et al. HelixComplex snail mucus as a potential technology against O3 induced skin damage. PLoS One 2020, 15, e0229613 10.1371/journal.pone.0229613. 32084249 PMC7034816 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Inisghts C. M. Global Snail Beauty Products Market Analysis; Coherent Market Insights, 2022. https://www.coherentmarketinsights.com/press-release/global-snail-beauty-products-market-to-surpass-us-7695-million-by-2025-754.
  10. von Byern J.; et al. The structure of the cutaneous pedal glands in the banded snail Cepaea hortensis (Muller, 1774). J. Morphol 2018, 279, 187– 198. 10.1002/jmor.20763. 29098722 · DOI
  11. Greistorfer S.; et al. Characterization of the Arion vulgaris pedal gland system. J. Morphol 2020, 281, 1059– 1071. 10.1002/jmor.21231. 33448468 PMC7496283 · DOI
  12. Braun M.; Menges M.; Opoku F.; Smith A. M. The relative contribution of calcium, zinc and oxidation-based cross-links to the stiffness of Arion subfuscus glue. J. Exp Biol. 2012, 216, 1475– 1483. 10.1242/jeb.077149. 23264483 · DOI
  13. Nualnisachol P.; Chumnanpuen P.; E-kobon T. Understanding Snail Mucus Biosynthesis and Shell Biomineralisation through Genomic Data Mining of the Reconstructed Carbohydrate and Glycan Metabolic Pathways of the Giant African Snail (Achatina fulica). Biology (Basel) 2023, 12, 836 10.3390/biology12060836. 37372121 PMC10295696 · DOI
  14. Werneke S. W.; Swann C.; Farquharson L. A.; Hamilton K. S.; Smith A. M. The role of metals in molluscan adhesive gels. J. Exp Biol. 2007, 210, 2137– 2145. 10.1242/jeb.006098. 17562887 · DOI
  15. Tachapuripunya V.; Roytrakul S.; Chumnanpuen P.; E-kobon T. Unveiling Putative Functions of Mucus Proteins and Their Tryptic Peptides in Seven Gastropod Species Using Comparative Proteomics and Machine Learning-Based Bioinformatics Predictions. Molecules 2021, 26, 3475 10.3390/molecules26113475. 34200462 PMC8201360 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Bulat T.; et al. Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of Arion vulgaris–Proteins for Probably Successful Survival Strategies?. PLoS One 2016, 11, e0150614 10.1371/journal.pone.0150614. 26986963 PMC4795696 · DOI
  17. Cook A. Functional aspects of the mucus-producing glands of the Systellommatophoran slug, Veronicella floridana. Journal of Zoology 1987, 211, 291– 305. 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1987.tb01535.x. · DOI
  18. Campion M. The Structure and Function of the Cutaneous Glands in Helix aspersa. Journal of Cell Science 1961, s3–102, 195– 216. 10.1242/jcs.s3-102.58.195. · DOI
  19. McKee A.; Voltzow J.; Pernet B. Substrate attributes determine gait in a terrestrial gastropod. Biol. Bull. 2013, 224, 53– 61. 10.1086/BBLv224n1p53. 23493509 · DOI
  20. Iwamoto M.; Ueyama D.; Kobayashi R. The advantage of mucus for adhesive locomotion in gastropods. J. Theor. Biol. 2014, 353, 133– 141. 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.02.024. 24631870 · DOI
  21. Smith A. M.; Morin M. C. Biochemical differences between trail mucus and adhesive mucus from marsh periwinkle snails. Biol. Bull. 2002, 203, 338– 346. 10.2307/1543576. 12480724 · DOI
  22. Kastner J.; et al. Salicylic acid, a plant defense hormone, is specifically secreted by a molluscan herbivore. PLoS One 2014, 9, e86500 10.1371/journal.pone.0086500. 24466122 PMC3899270 · DOI
  23. Meldau S.; Kästner J.; von Knorre D.; Baldwin I. T. Salicylic acid-dependent gene expression is activated by locomotion mucus of different molluscan herbivores. Communicative & Integrative Biology 2014, 7, e28728 10.4161/cib.28728. 25346792 PMC4203486 · DOI
  24. Gould J.; Valdez J. W.; Upton R. Adhesive defence mucus secretions in the red triangle slug (Triboniophorus graeffei) can incapacitate adult frogs. Ethology 2019, 125, 587 10.1111/eth.12875. · DOI
  25. Mair J.; Port G. R. The Influence of Mucus Production by the Slug, Deroceras reticulatum, on Predation by Pterostichus madidus and Nebria brevicollis (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology 2002, 12, 325– 335. 10.1080/09583150220128112. · DOI
  26. Ballard K. R.; Klein A. H.; Hayes R. A.; Wang T.; Cummins S. F. The protein and volatile components of trail mucus in the Common Garden Snail, Cornu aspersum. PLoS One 2021, 16, e0251565 10.1371/journal.pone.0251565. 34043643 PMC8158898 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Patel K.; Shaheen N.; Witherspoon J.; Robinson N.; Harrington M. A. Mucus trail tracking in a predatory snail: olfactory processing retooled to serve a novel sensory modality. Brain Behav 2014, 4, 83– 94. 10.1002/brb3.198. 24653958 PMC3937710 · DOI
  28. Vong A.; Ansart A.; Dahirel M. Dispersers are more likely to follow mucus trails in the land snail Cornu aspersum. Naturwissenschaften 2019, 106, 43 10.1007/s00114-019-1642-9. 31263966 · DOI
  29. Shibuya K.; Chiba S.; Kimura K. Sexual inactivation induced by the mucus that covers land snail love darts: sexual selection and evolution of allohormones in hermaphrodites. J. Exp Biol. 2022, 225, 10.1242/jeb.238782. 35112704 · DOI
  30. Song Y.; et al. Wound-healing activity of glycoproteins from white jade snail (Achatina fulica) on experimentally burned mice. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2021, 175, 313– 321. 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.193. 33539960 · DOI
  31. Harlis W. O.; et al. Effectiveness of snail mucus gel (Achatina fulica Ferr) on mice (Mus musculus L.) burns. Jurnal Pijar Mipa 2023, 18, 325– 329. 10.29303/jpm.v18i3.4803. · DOI
  32. Tasevska T.; Glavas Dodov M.; Shalabalija D.; Mihailova L.; Polenakovic R.; Simonoska Crcarevska M. Spray-dried snail mucus as raw material with potential for chronic wound treatment. Macedonian pharmaceutical bulletin 2022, 68, 317– 318. 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.03.153. · DOI · Paper page
  33. Rosanto Y. B.; Hasan C. Y.; Lnu R.; Surya A. The Potential of Snail (Achatina Fulica) Mucus Gel as a Phythopharmaca to Accelerate the Inflammation Process during Wound Healing. World Journal of Dentistry 2022, 13, 224– 227. 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2056. · DOI
  34. Rosanto Y. B.; Hasan C. Y.; Rahardjo R.; Pangestiningsih T. W. Effect of snail mucus on angiogenesis during wound healing. F1000Research 2021, 10, 181 10.12688/f1000research.51297.1. PMC11190653 38912381 · DOI
  35. Igaap S.; Sumerti N. N.; Nuratni N. K. Cytotoxicity Test of Active Compounds Natural Ingredients of Snail Mucus (Achatina fulica) Against BHK-21 Fibroblast Cells. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 2023, 16, 371– 387. 10.13005/bpj/2619. · DOI
  36. Mencucci R. GlicoPro, Novel Standardized and Sterile Snail Mucus Extract for Multi-Modulative Ocular Formulations: New Perspective in Dry Eye Disease Management. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 2139 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122139. 34959420 PMC8708832 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Kantawong F.; et al. Mucus of Achatina fulica stimulates mineralization and inflammatoryresponse in dental pulp cells. Turkish Journal of Biology 2016, 40, 353– 359. 10.3906/biy-1505-29. · DOI
  38. El-Attar A. A. Silver/Snail Mucous PVA Nanofibers: Electrospun Synthesis and Antibacterial and Wound Healing Activities. Membranes (Basel) 2022, 12, 536 10.3390/membranes12050536. 35629862 PMC9148169 · DOI
  39. Zhou Z.; et al. Snail-inspired AFG/GelMA hydrogel accelerates diabetic wound healing via inflammatory cytokines suppression and macrophage polarization. Biomaterials 2023, 299, 122141 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122141. 37167893 · DOI
  40. Di Filippo M. F.; et al. Functional properties of chitosan films modified by snail mucus extract. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2020, 143, 126– 135. 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.230. 31805330 · DOI
  41. Lopez Angulo D. E.; do Amaral Sobral P. J. Characterization of gelatin/chitosan scaffold blended with aloe vera and snail mucus for biomedical purpose. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2016, 92, 645– 653. 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.029. 27453523 · DOI
  42. Perpelek M. Bioactive snail mucus-slime extract loaded chitosan scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration: the effect of mucoadhesive and antibacterial extracts on physical characteristics and bioactivity of chitosan matrix. Biomed Mater. 2021, 16, 065008 10.1088/1748-605X/ac2352. 34474402 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Ajisafe V. A.; Raichur A. M. Snail Mucus from Achatina fulica as a Biomaterial Exhibits Pro-Survival Effects on Human Chondrocytes. ACS Biomater Sci. Eng. 2023, 9, 4208– 4222. 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00392. 37294579 · DOI
  44. Tamburaci S.; et al. Fabrication of Helix aspersa Extract Loaded Gradient Scaffold with an Integrated Architecture for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration: Morphology, Structure, and In Vitro Bioactivity. ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2023, 6, 1504– 1514. 10.1021/acsabm.2c01050. PMC10114090 37009717 · DOI
  45. Cilia G.; Fratini F. Antimicrobial properties of terrestrial snail and slug mucus. J. Complement Integr Med. 2018, 15, 10.1515/jcim-2017-0168. 29596054 · DOI
  46. Vassilev N. G. An (1)H NMR- and MS-Based Study of Metabolites Profiling of Garden Snail Helix aspersa Mucus. Metabolites 2020, 10, 360 10.3390/metabo10090360. 32887291 PMC7570211 · DOI · Paper page
  47. Pitt S. J.; et al. Identification and characterisation of anti - Pseudomonas aeruginosa proteins in mucus of the brown garden snail, Cornu aspersum. Br J. Biomed Sci. 2019, 76, 129– 136. 10.1080/09674845.2019.1603794. 30966874 · DOI
  48. Pitt S. J.; Graham M. A.; Dedi C. G.; Taylor-Harris P. M.; Gunn A. Antimicrobial properties of mucus from the brown garden snail Helix aspersa. Br J. Biomed Sci. 2015, 72, 174– 181. 10.1080/09674845.2015.11665749. 26738399 · DOI
  49. Okeniyi F. A.; et al. Antimicrobial potentials of mucus mucin from different species of giant African land snails on some typed culture pathogenic bacteria. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology 2022, 10.35495/ajab.2021.07.294. · DOI
  50. Suarez L.; Pereira A.; Hidalgo W.; Uribe N. Antibacterial, Antibiofilm and Anti-Virulence Activity of Biactive Fractions from Mucus Secretion of Giant African Snail Achatina fulica against Staphylococcus aureus Strains. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021, 10, 1548 10.3390/antibiotics10121548. 34943760 PMC8698528 · DOI
  51. Zhong J.; Wang W.; Yang X.; Yan X.; Liu R. A novel cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide from the mucus of the snail of Achatina fulica. Peptides 2013, 39, 1– 5. 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.09.001. 23103587 · DOI
  52. Swastini I. G. A. A. P.; et al. Identification of active chemical compounds and potential antibacterial snail mucus (Achatina fulica) on bacteria Enterococcus foecalis causes of periodontitis. Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science 2022, 16, 102– 105. 10.15562/ijbs.v16i2.426. · DOI
  53. Azeem H. H. A. Antifungal Activity of Soft Tissue Extract from the Garden Snail Helix aspersa (Gastropoda, Mollusca). Molecules 2022, 27, 3170 10.3390/molecules27103170. 35630647 PMC9144933 · DOI
  54. Ho C. Y.; et al. Snail Mucus Enhances Chemosensitivity of Triple-negative Breast Cancer Via Activation of the Fas Pathway. Anticancer Res. 2022, 42, 845– 855. 10.21873/anticanres.15542. 35093882 · DOI
  55. Ellijimi C.; et al. Helix aspersa maxima mucus exhibits antimelanogenic and antitumoral effects against melanoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018, 101, 871– 880. 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.020. 29635896 · DOI · Paper page
  56. Matusiewicz M. In Vitro Influence of Extracts from Snail Helix aspersa Müller on the Colon Cancer Cell Line Caco-2. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 1064 10.3390/ijms19041064. 29614018 PMC5979351 · DOI
  57. Atta S. A.; Ibrahim A. M.; Megahed F. A. K. In-Vitro Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities of Eremina desertorum (Forsskal, 1775) Snail Mucin. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2021, 22, 3467– 3474. 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.11.3467. 34837901 PMC9068163 · DOI
  58. Liegertova M.; et al. Mucus-derived exosome-like vesicles from the Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris): taking advantage of invasive pest species in biotechnology. Sci. Rep 2022, 12, 21768 10.1038/s41598-022-26335-3. 36526668 PMC9870906 · DOI
  59. Pietrzyk A. J.; Bujacz A.; Mak P.; Potempa B.; Niedziela T. Structural studies of Helix aspersa agglutinin complexed with GalNAc: A lectin that serves as a diagnostic tool. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2015, 81, 1059– 1068. 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.044. 26416237 · DOI · Paper page
  60. Amah A. K.; Ewa O.; Karimah M. R.; Elendu M. U.; Yunusa Z. Effect of Archachatina Marginata Mucin on the Aggressive Factors of Gastric Ulcer Challenged Wistar Rat Stomach Tissue. GSC Biol. Pharm. Sci. 2019, 9, 077– 082. 10.30574/gscbps.2019.9.1.0163. · DOI
  61. Gugliandolo E.; et al. Protective effect of snail secretion filtrate against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Sci. Rep 2021, 11, 3638 10.1038/s41598-021-83170-8. 33574472 PMC7878904 · DOI · Paper page
  62. Agu M. O.; Tsware B. J.; Sunday A. O.; Onwuka J. C.; Anthony H. J. Investigatory Study of Long Term Doses of Costus Afer, Snail Slime, and Their Combination with a Standard Pharmaceutical Drug on Blood Glucose Level of Alloxan Induced Swiss Albino Rat. Open Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2018, 8, 1 10.4236/ojmc.2018.81001. · DOI
  63. Nurudhin A.; et al. The Effect of Snail Mucus (Achatina Fulica) Toward The Activity and Chronicity Indices of Renal Histology in Pristane-Induced Lupus Nephritis Mice Model. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 2023, 22, 515– 520. 10.3329/bjms.v22i3.65320. · DOI
  64. Sutanto Y. S.; Sutanto M.; Agnes Sri Harti A. S. H.; Nony Puspawati N. P. The Potential of Snail Seromucous and Chitosan as Bioimunomodulator for Tuberculosis Therapy. Sains Malaysiana 2021, 50, 3333– 3344. 10.17576/jsm-2021-5011-17. · DOI
  65. Kodchakorn K.; Chokepaichitkool T.; Kongtawelert P. Purification and characterisation of heparin-like sulfated polysaccharides with potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity from snail mucus of Achatina fulica. Carbohydr. Res. 2023, 529, 108832 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108832. 37192581 PMC10174341 · DOI
  66. Trapella C.; et al. HelixComplex snail mucus exhibits pro-survival, proliferative and pro-migration effects on mammalian fibroblasts. Sci. Rep 2018, 8, 17665 10.1038/s41598-018-35816-3. 30518946 PMC6281574 · DOI · Paper page
  67. Di Filippo M. F.; et al. Novel drug-loaded film forming patch based on gelatin and snail slime. Int. J. Pharm. 2021, 598, 120408 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120408. 33647415 · DOI
  68. Deyrup-Olsen I.; Louie H.; Martin A. W.; Luchtel D. L. Triggering by ATP of product release by mucous granules of the land slug Ariolimax columbianus. Am. J. Physiol. 1992, 262, C760– 765. 10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.3.C760. 1550214 · DOI
  69. Kim Y.; Sim W.-J.; Lee J.-s.; Lim T.-G. Snail mucin is a functional food ingredient for skin. Journal of Functional Foods 2022, 92, 105053 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105053. · DOI
  70. Vanella L. Standardized Extract from Wastes of Edible Flowers and Snail Mucus Ameliorate Ultraviolet B-Induced Damage in Keratinocytes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 10185 10.3390/ijms241210185. 37373341 PMC10298975 · DOI · Paper page
  71. Messina L. Snail Mucus Filtrate Reduces Inflammation in Canine Progenitor Epidermal Keratinocytes (CPEK). Animals (Basel) 2022, 12, 1848 10.3390/ani12141848. 35883395 PMC9311558 · DOI · Paper page
  72. Orinya O. F.; et al. Snail Slime: Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory, Phytochemical and Antioxidant Properties. Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research 2021, 8– 13. 10.9734/jocamr/2021/v13i130214. · DOI
  73. Leskow A.; Tarnowska M.; Szczuka I.; Diakowska D. The effect of biologically active compounds in the mucus of slugs Limax maximus and Arion rufus on human skin cells. Sci. Rep 2021, 11, 18660 10.1038/s41598-021-98183-6. 34548551 PMC8455533 · DOI
  74. El-Zawawy N. A.; Mona M. M. Antimicrobial efficacy of Egyptian Eremina desertorum and Helix aspersa snail mucus with a novel approach to their anti-inflammatory and wound healing potencies. Sci. Rep 2021, 11, 24317 10.1038/s41598-021-03664-3. 34934098 PMC8692597 · DOI · Paper page
  75. De Zoysa M. Antimicrobial Peptides in Marine Mollusks and Their Potential Applications; John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013.
  76. Newar J.; Ghatak A. Studies on the Adhesive Property of Snail Adhesive Mucus. Langmuir 2015, 31, 12155– 12160. 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03498. 26480243 · DOI
  77. Cho H.; et al. Intrinsically reversible superglues via shape adaptation inspired by snail epiphragm. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2019, 116, 13774– 13779. 10.1073/pnas.1818534116. 31209044 PMC6628786 · DOI
  78. Pawlicki J. M.; et al. The effect of molluscan glue proteins on gel mechanics. J. Exp Biol. 2004, 207, 1127– 1135. 10.1242/jeb.00859. 14978055 · DOI
  79. Li J.; Peng X.; Ma C.; Song Z.; Liu J. Response mechanisms of snails to the pulling force and its potential application in vacuum suction. J. Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2021, 124, 104840 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104840. 34537498 · DOI
  80. Mane P. C.; et al. Terrestrial snail-mucus mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and in vitro investigations on their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Sci. Rep 2021, 11, 13068 10.1038/s41598-021-92478-4. 34158586 PMC8219800 · DOI
  81. Di Filippo M. F. Effectiveness of Snail Slime in the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022, 12, 3447 10.3390/nano12193447. 36234575 PMC9565232 · DOI
  82. Gubitosa J.; et al. Biomolecules from snail mucus (Helix aspersa) conjugated gold nanoparticles, exhibiting potential wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity. Soft Matter 2020, 16, 10876– 10888. 10.1039/D0SM01638A. 33225330 · DOI
  83. Rizzi V.; et al. Snail slime-based gold nanoparticles: An interesting potential ingredient in cosmetics as an antioxidant, sunscreen, and tyrosinase inhibitor. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2021, 224, 112309 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112309. 34563935 · DOI
  84. Onzo A.; et al. Untargeted analysis of pure snail slime and snail slime-induced Au nanoparticles metabolome with MALDI FT-ICR MS. J. Mass Spectrom 2021, 56, e4722 10.1002/jms.4722. 33813760 · DOI
  85. Zhong T.; Min L.; Wang Z.; Zhang F.; Zuo B. Controlled self-assembly of glycoprotein complex in snail mucus from lubricating liquid to elastic fiber. RSC Adv. 2018, 8, 13806– 13812. 10.1039/C8RA01439F. 35539331 PMC9079862 · DOI
  86. Zhu C.; Zhong T.; Zuo B. Biomimetic Nanofiber by Electrospinning of Snail Mucus. Micro and Nanosystems 2021, 13, 9– 12. 10.2174/2210315510666200108110153. · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Liegertová, M., & Malý, J.
Affiliations
Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem (CZ)
Corresponding author
Liegertová, Michaela
Venue
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
Published
2023-09-26
Volume
9
Issue
10
Pages
5567-5579
ISSN
2373-9878 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4387036646
Cited by
36
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1
FWCI
1.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Czech Science Foundation (Grantova Agentura Ceske Republiky - GACR) (20-21421S)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Mollusks and Parasites Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Surfaces, Coatings and Films › Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Keywords
snail mucus, wound healing, antimicrobial agents, biomaterials, cosmetics, patent trends, bioprospecting, land snails
MeSH terms
Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Biocompatible Materials, Cosmetics, Humans, Mucus, Wound Healing, Gastropoda

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review