Polyfluorinated Compounds in Serum Linked to Indoor Air in Office Environments

Fraser, Alicia J.; Webster, Thomas F.; Watkins, Deborah J.; Nelson, Jessica W.; Stapleton, Heather M.; Calafat, Antonia M.; Kato, Kayoko; Shoeib, Mahiba; Vieira, Verónica M.; McClean, Michael D.

doi:10.1021/es2038257

Cited by 127Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchIndoor Air Quality and Microbial ExposureToxic Organic Pollutants Impact

Polyfluorinated Compounds in Serum Linked to Indoor Air in Office Environments

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Fraser, Alicia J., Webster, Thomas F., Watkins, Deborah J., Nelson, Jessica W., Stapleton, Heather M., Calafat, Antonia M., Kato, Kayoko, Shoeib, Mahiba +2 more·2012·Environmental Science & Technology

DOI 10.1021/es2038257PMC PMC3262923

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Abstract

We aimed to investigate the role of indoor office air on exposure to polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) among office workers. Week-long, active air sampling was conducted during the winter of 2009 in 31 offices in Boston, MA. Air samples were analyzed for fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs), sulfonamides (FOSAs), and sulfonamidoethanols (FOSEs). Serum was collected from each participant (n = 31) and analyzed for 12 PFCs including PFOA and PFOS. In air, FTOHs were present in the highest concentrations, particularly 8:2-FTOH (GM = 9920 pg/m(3)). FTOHs varied significantly by building with the highest levels observed in a newly constructed building. PFOA in serum was significantly correlated with air levels of 6:2-FTOH (r = 0.43), 8:2-FTOH (r = 0.60), and 10:2-FTOH (r = 0.62). Collectively, FTOHs in air significantly predicted PFOA in serum (p < 0.001) and explained approximately 36% of the variation in serum PFOA concentrations. PFOS in serum was not associated with air levels of FOSAs/FOSEs. In conclusion, FTOH concentrations in office air significantly predict serum PFOA concentrations in office workers. Variation in PFC air concentrations by building is likely due to differences in the number, type, and age of potential sources such as carpeting, furniture, and/or paint.

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Children are particularly vulnerable to PFAS exposure due to their developing organs, higher metabolic rates, greater intake of air, food, and water per unit body weight, and behaviors such as hand-to-mouth contact that increase exposure risk.
“Children are particularly vulnerable to PFAS exposure due to their developing organs, higher metabolic rates, greater intake of air, food, and water per unit body weight, and behaviors such as hand-to-mouth contact that increase exposure risk.”
From Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Healthcare: Environmental and Clinical Insights (2025) · cites this paper as [43]
The Introduction lists general PFAS exposure pathways, and the Discussion focuses on indoor-air exposure among office workers. Our copy does not address whether children are particularly vulnerable or link their exposure risk to developing organs, metabolic rates, intake per body weight, or hand-to-mouth behavior (searched for children and hand-to-mouth exposure). (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Biomonitoring data show that young children frequently have higher serum PFAS concentrations than adults, particularly in environmentally contaminated areas.
“Biomonitoring data show that young children frequently have higher serum PFAS concentrations than adults, particularly in environmentally contaminated areas [5,42,43,60].”
From Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Healthcare: Environmental and Clinical Insights (2025) · cites this paper as [43]
The Results (Serum Concentrations; page unavailable) report PFAS measurements in office workers, while the Discussion (page unavailable) compares those measurements with U.S. general-population trends. Neither passage compares young children with adults or addresses environmentally contaminated areas. Searches for child–adult serum comparisons and contaminated areas found no passage making the claimed point. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Authors: Fraser, A. J., Webster, T. F., Watkins, D. J., Nelson, J. W., Stapleton, H. M., Calafat, A. M., Kato, K., Shoeib, M., Vieira, V. M., & McClean, M. D.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
Duke University (US)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
Environment and Climate Change Canada (CA)
Corresponding author: McClean, Michael D.
ORCID: Webster, Thomas F.
Watkins, Deborah J.
Stapleton, Heather M.
Calafat, Antonia M.
Kato, Kayoko
Vieira, Verónica M.
McClean, Michael D.
Venue: Environmental Science & Technology
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2011-12-30
Volume: 46
Issue: 2
Pages: 1209-1215
ISSN: 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
1520-5851
DOI: 10.1021/es2038257
PMC: PMC3262923
OpenAlex: W2143203671
Cited by: 127
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 6.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES015829, T32ES014562)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Keywords: polyfluorinated compounds, indoor air, office workers, fluorotelomer alcohols, perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOS, serum biomonitoring, indoor air quality, carpets, furniture, paints, human exposure
MeSH terms: Adult, Air Pollutants, Boston, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated, Male, Middle Aged, Seasons, Air Pollution, Indoor

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Polyfluorinated Compounds in Serum Linked to Indoor Air in Office Environments

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