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The Influence of Facial Emotion Displays, Gender, and Ethnicity on Judgments of Dominance and Affiliation
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Happiness displays can signal affiliative intentions.
“Happiness displays can signal affiliative intentions (Hess et al., 2000; Knutson, 1996; Martin et al., 2017)”
From Existential threat and responses to emotional displays of ingroup and outgroup members (2023) · cites this paper as Hess et al., 2000
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hess, U., Blairy, S., & Kleck, R. E.
- Affiliations
- Université du Québec à Montréal (CA)
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Nonverbal Behavior
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 265-283
- ISSN
- 0191-5886 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3653
- OpenAlex
- W2136266539
- Cited by
- 340
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 3.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nonverbal Behavior (publishedVersion)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- emotional facial expressions, emotion perception, perceived dominance, affiliation, gender differences, ethnicity, cross-cultural perception, anger, expression intensity, observer expectations
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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