The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Scaling laws in the mammalian neocortex: Does form provide clues to function?
Abstract
Although descriptions of form have been a mainstay of comparative neuroanatomy, less well explored is the use of quantitative approaches, especially at the cellular level. In the neocortex, many gross and cellular anatomical measures show striking regularities over a wide range of brain sizes. Here we review our recent efforts to accurately characterize these scaling trends and explain them in functional terms. We focus on the expansion of white matter volume with increasing brain size and the formation of surface folds, in addition to principles of processing speed and energetics that may explain these phenomena. We also consider exceptional cases of neocortical morphology as a means of testing putative functional principles and developmental mechanisms. We illustrate this point by describing several morphological specializations at the cellular level that may constitute functional adaptations. Taken together, these approaches illustrate the benefits of a synthesis between comparative neuroanatomy and biophysics.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Axon diameter and length also increase in larger brains, contributing to the higher cost of neuronal activity.
“Axon diameter and length also increase in larger brains (26), contributing to the higher cost of neuronal activity.”
From Evolution of increased glia–neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex (2006) · cites this paper as [26]
Citations
Cites
Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks
Watts, D. J., & Strogatz, S. H. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/30918 · Cited by 43,060
Advances in neural information processing systems 7
Cios, K. J., & Shields, M. E. (1997) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/s0925-2312(97)90018-7 · Cited by 22,089
Thompson, D. W. (2019) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780691183978-018 · Cited by 4,179
Introduction to V.L.S.I. Systems
Mead, C. (1981) · IEE Proceedings I Solid State and Electron Devices · doi:10.1049/ip-i-1.1981.0010 · Cited by 3,695
The Synaptic Organization of the Brain
(2004) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159561.001.1 · Cited by 3,574
Volpe, J. J. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 2,859
The expensive-tissue hypothesis: The brain and the digestive system in human and primate evolution
Aiello, L. C., & Wheeler, P. (1995) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/204350 · Cited by 2,291
Reyment, R. A., & Huxley, J. S. (1994) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2532815 · Cited by 2,092
A tension-based theory of morphogenesis and compact wiring in the central nervous system
Essen, D. C. V. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/385313a0 · Cited by 1,668
Reduced Apoptosis and Cytochrome c–Mediated Caspase Activation in Mice Lacking Caspase 9
Kuida, K., Haydar, T. F., Kuan, C.-Y., Gu, Y., Taya, C., Karasuyama, H., Su, M. S.-S., Rakic, P., & Flavell, R. A. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81476-2 · Cited by 1,643
Hillis, W. D. (1987) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0687-108 · Cited by 1,637
(1991) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,512
Regulation of Cerebral Cortical Size by Control of Cell Cycle Exit in Neural Precursors
Chenn, A., & Walsh, C. A. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1074192 · Cited by 1,431
Electric current flow in excitable cells
(1976) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(76)80560-1 · Cited by 1,289
The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates
Nieuwenhuys, R., ten Donkelaar, H. J., & Nicholson, C. (1998) · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18262-4 · Cited by 1,249
Cortex: Statistics and Geometry of Neuronal Connectivity
Braitenberg, V., & Schüz, A. (1998) · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03733-1 · Cited by 1,178
Concurrent overproduction of synapses in diverse regions of the primate cerebral cortex
Rakic, P., Bourgeois, J.-P., Eckenhoff, M. F., Zecevic, N., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3952506 · Cited by 1,133
N., E., & Thompson, D. W. (1945) · The Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.2307/2019330 · Cited by 1,119
Rakic, P. (1995) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)93934-p · Cited by 1,047
Foundations of Cellular Neurophysiology
Johnston, D., & Wu, S. M.-S. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 918
New and Revised Data on Volumes of Brain Structures in Insectivores and Primates
Stephan, H., Frahm, H. D., & Baron, G. (1981) · Folia Primatologica · doi:10.1159/000155963 · Cited by 877
A universal scaling law between gray matter and white matter of cerebral cortex
Zhang, K., & Sejnowski, T. J. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.090504197 · Cited by 723
Microstructure of the neocortex: comparative aspects
DeFelipe, J., Alonso-Nanclares, L., & Arellano, J. I. (2002) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1023/a:1024130211265 · Cited by 686
Martin, R. D. (1989) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0813-0 · Cited by 540
Feynman Lectures on Computation
Feynman, R. P. (2018) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429500442 · Cited by 520
A neuronal morphologic type unique to humans and great apes
Nimchinsky, E. A., Gilissen, E., Allman, J. M., Perl, D. P., Erwin, J. M., & Hof, P. R. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.9.5268 · Cited by 494
Self-citationPerceptual Neuroscience: The Cerebral Cortex
Mountcastle, V. B. (1998) · Cited by 476
Huxley, J. (1932) · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.6427 · Cited by 471
Developmental structure in brain evolution
Finlay, B. L., Darlington, R. B., & Nicastro, N. (2001) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x01003958 · Cited by 442
Cytological and quantitative characteristics of four cerebral commissures in the rhesus monkey
LaMantia, A., & RAKIC, P. T. (1990) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902910404 · Cited by 420
Clark, W. E. L. G. (1959) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 413
Hof, P. R., Glezer, I. I., Condé, F., Flagg, R. A., Rubin, M. B., Nimchinsky, E. A., & Weisenhorn, D. M. V. (1999) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/s0891-0618(98)00065-9 · Cited by 411
Self-citationAn evaluation of causes for unreliability of synaptic transmission.
Allen, C., & Stevens, C. F. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.22.10380 · Cited by 406
Regulation of cytoplasmic dynein behaviour and microtubule organization by mammalian Lis1
Smith, D. S., Niethammer, M., Ayala, R., Zhou, Y., Gambello, M. J., Wynshaw-Boris, A. J., & Tsai, L. (2000) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35041000 · Cited by 380
Density of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex of the mouse
Schüz, A., & Palm, G. (1989) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902860404 · Cited by 376
Hillis, D. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/bfb0116397 · Cited by 374
OʼKusky, J. R., & Colonnier, M. (1982) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902100307 · Cited by 327
The pyramidal cell in cognition: a comparative study in human and monkey
Elston, G. N., Benavides-Piccione, R., & DeFelipe, J. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-17-j0002.2001 · Cited by 317
Defects of neuronal migration and the pathogenesis of cortical malformations
RAKIC, P. T., & Swaab, D. F. (1988) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)60494-x · Cited by 305
On the evolution and geometry of the brain in mammals
Hofman, M. A. (1989) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0301-0082(89)90013-0 · Cited by 299
The organization of neocortex in mammals: are species differences really so different?
Krubitzer, L. A. (1995) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)93938-t · Cited by 298
Scalable architecture in mammalian brains
Clark, D. A., Mitra, P. P., & Wang, S. S.-H. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35075564 · Cited by 276
Self-citationComponent placement optimization in the brain
Cherniak, C. (1994) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-04-02418.1994 · Cited by 271
Hof, P. R., & Morrison, J. H. (1995) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903520202 · Cited by 265
Self-citationTIMING OF SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION
Sabatini, B. L., & Regehr, W. G. (1999) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.521 · Cited by 260
Mechanical tension produced by nerve cells in tissue culture
Bray, D. (1979) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.37.1.391 · Cited by 259
Size and Shape of the Cerebral Cortex in Mammals
Hofman, M. A. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000116529 · Cited by 257
Effect of Ibotenate on Brain Development
Marret, S., Mukendi, R., Gadisseux, J., Gressèns, P., & Evrard, P. (1995) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-199505000-00009 · Cited by 254
The density of synapses and neurones in the motor and visual areas of the cerebral cortex.
Cragg, B. G. (1967) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 243
Beaulieu, C., & Colonnier, M. (1985) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902310206 · Cited by 234
Why is Brain Size so Important:Design Problems and Solutions as Neocortex Gets Biggeror Smaller
Kaas, J. H. (2000) · Brain and Mind · doi:10.1023/a:1010028405318 · Cited by 225
The Role of the Corticospinal Tract in the Evolution of Human Digital Dexterity
Heffner, R. S., & Masterton, R. B. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000121494 · Cited by 221
Spindle neurons of the human anterior cingul. Ate cortex
Nimchinsky, E. A., Vogt, B. A., Morrison, J. H., & Hof, P. R. (1995) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903550106 · Cited by 220
Self-citationSize and Shape of the Cerebral Cortex in Mammals (Part 1 of 2)
Hofman, M. A. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000118718 · Cited by 217
Protein–Protein interactions, cytoskeletal regulation and neuronal migration
Feng, Y., & Walsh, C. A. (2001) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35077559 · Cited by 206
Tower, D. B. (1954) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901010103 · Cited by 203
Garey, L. J. (1999) · Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1046/j.1469-7580.1999.194101535.x · Cited by 189
Epilepsy and epileptiform EEG: Association with autism and language disorders
Ballaban‐Gil, K. R., & Tuchman, R. F. (2000) · Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/1098-2779(2000)6:4 · Cited by 171
Comparison of brain structure volumes in Insectivora and Primates. I. Neocortex.
Frahm, H. D., Stephan, H., & Stephan, M. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 157
Principles underlying mammalian neocortical scaling
Changizi, M. A. (2001) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s004220000205 · Cited by 137
Swadlow, H. A., & Waxman, S. G. (1976) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(76)90288-0 · Cited by 137
Ultrastructure of visual callosal axons in the rabbit
Waxman, S. G., & Swadlow, H. A. (1976) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(76)90287-9 · Cited by 130
Rivara, C., Sherwood, C. C., Bouras, C., & Hof, P. R. (2003) · The Anatomical Record Part A Discoveries in Molecular Cellular and Evolutionary Biology · doi:10.1002/ar.a.10015 · Cited by 128
Self-citationBrain size and the evolution of mind
Jerison, H. J. (1989) · Biodiversity Heritage Library (Smithsonian Institution) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.16400392 · Cited by 122
Meynert cells in the primate visual cortex
Chan‐Palay, V., Palay, S. L., & Billings‐Gagliardi, S. (1974) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01097628 · Cited by 93
Hof, P., Glezer, I., Nimchinsky, E., & Erwin, J. (2000) · Brain, Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000006665 · Cited by 93
Self-citationFries, W., Keizer, K., & Kuypers, H. G. J. M. (1985) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00235878 · Cited by 89
Ritchie, J. M. (1995) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195082937.003.0004 · Cited by 86
The fractal geometry of convoluted brains.
Hofman, M. A. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 80
Dynamic regulation of BDNF and NT-3 expression during visual system development
Lein, E. S., Hohn, A., & Shatz, C. J. (2000) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(20000424)420:1 · Cited by 74
Self-citationBasic Connectivity of the Cerebral Cortex and some Considerations on the Corpus Callosum
Schüz, A., & Preiβl, H. (1996) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(95)00069-0 · Cited by 67
Phylogeny through Brain Traits: More Characters for the Analysis of Mammalian Evolution
Johnson, J. I., Kirsch, J. A. W., Reep, R. L., & Switzer, R. C. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000113643 · Cited by 66
Evolution of Specialized Pyramidal Neurons in Primate Visual and Motor Cortex
Sherwood, C. C., Lee, P. W. H., Rivara, C., Holloway, R. L., Gilissen, E., Simmons, R. M. T., Hakeem, A. Y., Allman, J. M., ERWIN, J. M., & Hof, P. R. (2003) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000068879 · Cited by 66
Self-citationThe cells of Meynert in the visual cortex of the monkey.
Clark, W. E. L. G. (1942) · PubMed · Cited by 61
Beaulieu, C., & Colonnier, M. (1989) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902890115 · Cited by 55
Regional Brain Morphometry and Lissencephaly in the Sirenia
Reep, R. L., & O’Shea, T. J. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000115866 · Cited by 51
The Synaptic Organization of the Brain (3rd Ed.)
Sacktor, T. C. (1991) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.41.2_part_1.334-b · Cited by 51
Brains, maturation times, and parenting☆
Allman, J. M., & Hasenstaub, A. R. (1999) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(99)00076-7 · Cited by 47
New Ideas on the Structure of the Nervous System in Man and Vertebrates
y Cajal, S. R. (1990) · Cited by 42
Changizi, M. A. (2010) · Cited by 30
Information Flow along Neocortical Axons
Swadlow, H. A. (2010) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203304570_chapter_4 · Cited by 28
Neuronal Migration Disorders in Man
Lammens, M. M. Y. (2000) · European Journal of Morphology · doi:10.1076/ejom.38.5.327.7358 · Cited by 26
Changizi, M. A. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0293-5 · Cited by 23
Wiring Optimization in the Brain
Chklovskii, D. B., & Stevens, C. F. (1999) · Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · Cited by 22
Schüz, A., & Gp, D. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 18
Transmutation of vertebrae in the lumbosacral region of the human spine.
Young, M., & Ince, J. G. (1940) · PubMed · Cited by 11
Selection, the Impersonal Engineer
Braitenberg, V. (1998) · Artificial Life · doi:10.1162/106454698568611 · Cited by 3
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 88 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Allman, J. M. (1999) Evolving Brains. New York: W.H. Freeman.
- Brodmann, K. (1905) Beitrage zur histologischen Lokalisation der Grosshirnrinde: Die Rindenfeldern der niederen Affen. Journal of Psychology and Neurology 4, 177–226.
- Cowan, W. M., SÜdhof, T. C. &; Stevens, C. F. (2001) Synapses. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Goldman-Rakic, P. S. &; Rakic, P. (1984) Experimental modification of gyral patterns. In Cerebral Dominance: The Biological Foundation (edited by Geschwind, N. &; Galaburda, A. M.) pp. 179–192. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Jerison, H. (1987) Brain size. In Encyclopedia of Neuroscience (edited by Adelman, G.) pp. 168–170. Boston: Birkhaeuser.
- Kamiya, Y. &; Yamasaki, F. (1974) Organ weights in Pontoporia Blainvillei and Platanista Gangetica. Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst. 26, 265–270.
- Mead, C. &; Conway, L. (1980) Introduction to VLSI Systems. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
- Nauta, W. J. H. &; Feirtag, M. (1986) Fundamental Neuroanatomy. New York: Freeman.
- Rice, D. W. (1967) Cetaceans. In Recent Mammals of the World-A Synopsis of Families (edited by Anderson, S. &; Jones, J. K.) pp. 291–324. New York: Ronald Press.
- Scheibel, M. E. &; Scheibel, A. B. (1978) The dendritic structure of the human Betz cell. In Architectonics of the Cerebral Cortex (edited by Brazier, M. A. B. &; Pets, H.) pp. 43–57. New York: Raven Press.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cellular Scaling Rules for the Brains of Marsupials: Not as “Primitive” as Expected
Santos, S. E. D., Porfírio, J., Cunha, F., Manger, P. R., Tavares, W. C., Pessôa, L. M., Raghanti, M. A., Sherwood, C. C., & Herculano‐Houzel, S. (2017) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000452856 · Cited by 2,652
Uniquely Hominid Features of Adult Human Astrocytes
Oberheim, N. A., Takano, T., Han, X., He, W., Lin, J. H. C., Wang, F., Xu, Q., Wyatt, J. D., Pilcher, W., Ojemann, J. G., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4707-08.2009 · Cited by 1,488
A Cellular Perspective on Brain Energy Metabolism and Functional Imaging
Magistretti, P. J., & Allaman, I. (2015) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.03.035 · Cited by 1,285
Evolution of the brain and intelligence
ROTH, G., & DICKE, U. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.03.005 · Cited by 890
: Cellular scaling rules for rodent brains.
Herculano-Houzel, S., Mota, B., & Lent, R. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0604911103 · Cited by 579
Herculano-Houzel, S., & Lent, R. (2005) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4526-04.2005 · Cited by 551
Cellular scaling rules for primate brains.
Herculano-Houzel, S., Collins, C. E., Wong, P., & Kaas, J. H. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0611396104 · Cited by 422
Evolution of increased glia–neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex
Sherwood, C. C., Stimpson, C. D., Raghanti, M. A., Wildman, D. E., Uddin, M., Grossman, L. I., Goodman, M., Redmond, J. C., Bonar, C. J., Erwin, J. M., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0605843103 · Cited by 342
Self-citationAge-related Dendritic and Spine Changes in Corticocortically Projecting Neurons in Macaque Monkeys
Duan, H. (2003) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/13.9.950 · Cited by 313
Scaling of number, size, and metabolic rate of cells with body size in mammals
Savage, V. M., Allen, A. P., Brown, J. H., Gillooly, J. F., Herman, A. B., Woodruff, W. H., & West, G. B. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0611235104 · Cited by 312
Functional Trade-Offs in White Matter Axonal Scaling
Wang, S. S. ‐., Shultz, J. R., Burish, M. J., Harrison, K. H., Hof, P. R., Towns, L. C., WAGERS, M. W., & Wyatt, K. D. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5559-05.2008 · Cited by 299
Self-citationEvolution of the human brain: when bigger is better
Hofman, M. A. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroanatomy · doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00015 · Cited by 303
Fractals in the nervous system: conceptual implications for theoretical neuroscience
Werner, G. (2010) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2010.00015 · Cited by 251
MAKING COMPLEXITY SIMPLER: MULTIVARIABILITY AND METASTABILITY IN THE BRAIN
Fingelkurts, A. A., & Fingelkurts, A. A. (2004) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207450490450046 · Cited by 212
Large brains and cognition: Where do elephants fit in?
Hart, B. L., Hart, L. A., & Pinter-Wollman, N. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.05.012 · Cited by 185
Higgins, D. M., Peterson, J. B., Pihl, R. O., & Lee, A. G. M. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.2.298 · Cited by 192
Primate brain evolution: Integrating comparative, neurophysiological, and ethological data
Barton, R. A. (2006) · Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews · doi:10.1002/evan.20105 · Cited by 175
Connectivity-driven white matter scaling and folding in primate cerebral cortex
Herculano‐Houzel, S., Mota, B., Wong, P., & Kaas, J. H. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1012590107 · Cited by 166
Global and regional brain metabolic scaling and its functional consequences.
Karbowski, J. (2007) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/1741-7007-5-18 · Cited by 161
Evolution of insect mushroom bodies: old clues, new insights
Farris, S. M. (2005) · Arthropod Structure & Development · doi:10.1016/j.asd.2005.01.008 · Cited by 146
Segregation of the Brain into Gray and White Matter: A Design Minimizing Conduction Delays
Wen, Q., & Chklovskii, D. B. (2005) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010078 · Cited by 150
Area-Specific Features of Pyramidal Neurons—a Comparative Study in Mouse and Rhesus Monkey
Gilman, J. P., Medalla, M., & Luebke, J. I. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhw062 · Cited by 140
Brain Architecture and Social Complexity in Modern and Ancient Birds
Burish, M. J., Kueh, H. Y., & Wang, S. S. ‐. (2003) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000075674 · Cited by 134
Self-citationLewitus, É., Kelava, I., & Huttner, W. Β. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00424 · Cited by 127
Metabolic changes in schizophrenia and human brain evolution
Khaitovich, P., Lockstone, H. E., Wayland, M. T., Tsang, T. M., Jayatilaka, S. D., Guo, A. J., Zhou, J., Somel, M., Harris, L. W., Holmes, E. C., et al. (2008) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-8-r124 · Cited by 113
Chen, X., Errangi, B. K., Li, L., Glasser, M. F., Westlye, L. T., Fjell, A. M., Walhovd, K. B., Hu, X. P., Herndon, J. G., Preuss, T. M., et al. (2013) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.03.028 · Cited by 114
Neural connectivity and cortical substrates of cognition in hominoids
Schenker-Ahmed, N. M., Desgouttes, A.-M., & Semendeferi, K. (2005) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.06.004 · Cited by 96
Multi-scale account of the network structure of macaque visual cortex
Schmidt, M., Bakker, R., Hilgetag, C. C., Diesmann, M., & van Albada, S. J. (2017) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1554-4 · Cited by 93
Parcellation and Area-Area Connectivity as a Function of Neocortex Size
Changizi, M. A., & Shinsuke Shimojo, A. (2005) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000085942 · Cited by 80
Comparative Morphology of the Avian Cerebellum: I. Degree of Foliation
Iwaniuk, A. N., Hurd, P. L., & WYLIE, D. R. W. (2006) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000093530 · Cited by 76
Brazhnik, E. S., Shah, F., & Tepper, J. M. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2387-08.2008 · Cited by 72
Design principles of the human brain
Hofman, M. A. (2012) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53860-4.00018-0 · Cited by 64
Neuronal morphology in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) neocortex
Jacobs, B., Lubs, J. L., Hannan, M., Anderson, K., Butti, C., Sherwood, C. C., Hof, P. R., & Manger, P. R. (2010) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-010-0288-3 · Cited by 62
Self-citationHilgetag, C. C., Beul, S. F., van Albada, S. J., & Goulas, A. (2019) · Network Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/netn_a_00100 · Cited by 53
Rational Optimization and ImagingIn Vivoof a Genetically Encoded Optical Voltage Reporter
Sjulson, L., & Miesenböck, G. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0055-08.2008 · Cited by 50
The Relation between Connection Length and Degree of Connectivity in Young Adults: A DTI Analysis
Lewis, J. D., Theilmann, R. J., Sereno, M. I., & Townsend, J. (2008) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn105 · Cited by 49
Sarubbo, S., Petit, L., BENEDICTIS, A. D., Chioffi, F., Ptito, M., & Dyrby, T. B. (2019) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-019-01856-2 · Cited by 48
Wijnants, M. L. (2014) · Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics · doi:10.1155/2014/962043 · Cited by 48
Scale-Free Cortical Planar Networks
Freeman, W. J., Kozma, R., Bollobá, B., & Riordan, O. M. (2008) · Bolyai Society mathematical studies · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69395-6_7 · Cited by 36
The Evolution of Neuron Types and Cortical Histology in Apes and Humans
Sherwood, C. C., & Hof, P. R. (2007) · Evolution of Nervous Systems · doi:10.1016/b0-12-370878-8/00022-7 · Cited by 37
Self-citationButti, C., Janeway, C. M., Townshend, C., Wicinski, B. A., Reidenberg, J. S., Ridgway, S. H., Sherwood, C. C., Hof, P. R., & Jacobs, B. (2014) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0860-3 · Cited by 35
Self-citationScaling the Brain and Its Connections
Changizi, M. (2007) · Evolution of Nervous Systems · doi:10.1016/b0-12-370878-8/00061-6 · Cited by 32
Prakash, N., Biag, J. D., Sheth, S. A., Mitsuyama, S., Theriot, J. J., Ramachandra, C. A., & Toga, A. W. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.04.063 · Cited by 30
Distributions of Cells and Neurons across the Cortical Sheet in Old World Macaques
Turner, E. C., Young, N. A., Reed, J. L., Collins, C. E., Flaherty, D. K., Gabi, M., & Kaas, J. H. (2016) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000446762 · Cited by 29
Jacobs, B., Harland, T., Kennedy, D., Schall, M., Wicinski, B. A., Butti, C., Hof, P. R., Sherwood, C. C., & Manger, P. R. (2014) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0830-9 · Cited by 29
Self-citationBrain Morphological Analysis in PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome
Shiohama, T., Levman, J. E. D., Vasung, L., & Takahashi, E. (2018) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.61532 · Cited by 23
Scaling theory for information networks
Moses, M. E., Forrest, S., Davis, A. L., Lodder, M. A., & Brown, J. H. (2008) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0091 · Cited by 19
Paleoanthropology of cognition: an overview on Hominins brain evolution
Hublin, J., & Changeux, J. (2022) · Comptes Rendus Biologies · doi:10.5802/crbiol.92 · Cited by 19
Brain Size, Metabolism, and Social Evolution
Coto, Z. N., & Traniello, J. F. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.612865 · Cited by 15
Grey and White Matter Proportional Relationships in the Cerebellar Vermis Altered in Schizophrenia
Lawyer, G., Nesvåg, R., Varnäs, K., Okugawa, G., & Agartz, I. (2008) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-008-0071-7 · Cited by 15
Multivariate Meta-Analysis of Brain-Mass Correlations in Eutherian Mammals
Steinhausen, C., Zehl, L., Haas-Rioth, M., Morcinek, K., Walkowiak, W., & Huggenberger, S. (2016) · Frontiers in Neuroanatomy · doi:10.3389/fnana.2016.00091 · Cited by 15
Scaling of the corpus callosum in wild and domestic canids: Insights into the domesticated brain
Spocter, M. A., Uddin, A., Ng, J., Wong, E. W., Wang, V. X., Tang, C. Y., Wicinski, B. A., Haas, J., Bitterman, K., Raghanti, M. A., et al. (2018) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.24486 · Cited by 14
Self-citationThe Isotropic Fractionator as a Tool for Quantitative Analysis in Central Nervous System Diseases
Repetto, I. E., Monti, R., Tropiano, M., Tomasi, S., Arbini, A., Andrade-Moraes, C. H., Lent, R., & Vercelli, A. (2016) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00190 · Cited by 13
Evolution of the Elephant Brain: A Paradox between Brain Size and Cognitive Behavior
Hart, B. L., & Hart, L. A. (2007) · Evolution of Nervous Systems · doi:10.1016/b0-12-370878-8/00343-8 · Cited by 12
High throughput analysis of neural progenitor cell proliferation in adult rodent hippocampus.
Henry, S., Bigler, S. A., & Wang, J. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 11
Functional Tradeoffs in Axonal Scaling: Implications for Brain Function
Wang, S. S. ‐. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000151475 · Cited by 10
Self-citationEvolutionary Specializations of Human Brain Microstructure
Sherwood, C. C., Bauernfeind, A. L., Verendeev, A., Raghanti, M. A., & Hof, P. R. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804042-3.00127-5 · Cited by 9
Self-citationHow to Build a Bigger Brain: Cellular Scaling Rules for Rodent Brains
Herculano-Houzel, S., Mota, B., & Lent, R. (2007) · Evolution of Nervous Systems · doi:10.1016/b0-12-370878-8/00345-1 · Cited by 8
Changizi, M. A., & He, D. (2005) · Complexity · doi:10.1002/cplx.20085 · Cited by 8
Regional Specialization of Pyramidal Neuron Morphology and Physiology in the Tree Shrew Neocortex
Parra, A., Baker, C. A., & Bolton, M. M. (2018) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhy326 · Cited by 6
The Fractal Geometry of the Human Brain: An Evolutionary Perspective
Hofman, M. A. (2016) · Springer series in computational neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3995-4_11 · Cited by 7
Developing structural constraints on connectivity for biologically embedded neural networks
Partzsch, J., & Schüffny, R. (2012) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s00422-012-0489-3 · Cited by 6
Cellular signatures in the primary visual cortex of phylogeny and placentation
Lewitus, É., Sherwood, C. C., & Hof, P. R. (2011) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-011-0338-5 · Cited by 6
Self-citationKellmeyer, P., & Vry, M.-S. (2016) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/053959 · Cited by 5
Neves, K. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804042-3.00047-6 · Cited by 4
Cerebellar defects are a primary pathology in mouse models of spinal muscular atrophy
Cottam, N. C., Dowling, M., Kong, L., Chan-Cortés, M. H., Charvet, C. J., Norzeron, N., Grover, C. J., Harrington, M. A., Sumner, C. J., & Sun, J. (2025) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.70025 · Cited by 3
Is Cetacean Intelligence Special? New Perspectives on the Debate
Chinea, A. (2017) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e19100543 · Cited by 4
Construction of a multi-scale spiking model of macaque visual cortexPreprint
Schmidt, M., Bakker, R., Diesmann, M., & van Albada, S. J. (2015) · arXiv (Cornell University) · Cited by 3
How the flow and processing of information shapes the cerebrumPreprint
de Lussanet, M. H. E. (2015) · doi:10.7287/peerj.preprints.239v2 · Cited by 3
Prefrontal Cortical Dopamine Transmission
Sesack, S. R. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-418675-0.00015-8 · Cited by 5
Freeman, W. J., & Vitiello, G. (2006) · International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) · doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2006.1716116 · Cited by 2
Thermodynamics of Cerebral Cortex Assayed by Measures of Mass Action
Freeman, W. (2014) · WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks · doi:10.1142/9789814602136_0013 · Cited by 2
Evolution and Scaling in Mammalian Brains
Bush, E. (2004) · CaltechTHESIS (California Institute of Technology) · doi:10.7907/p9fg-7k79 · Cited by 2
Evolution of the Human Brain: Design Without a Designer
Hofman, M. A. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804042-3.00129-9 · Cited by 1
The Fractal Geometry of the Human Brain: An Evolutionary Perspective
Hofman, M. A. (2024) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_12 · Cited by 2
Aboitiz, F. (2017) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-54060-7_5 · Cited by 1
Fractal coordination in cognitive performances
Wijnants, M. L. (2012) · Radboud Repository (Radboud University) · Cited by 1
Global and regional brain metabolic scaling and its functional consequencesPreprint
Karbowski, J. (2007) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.0705.2913
Metadata
- Authors
- Harrison, K. H., Hof, P. R., & Wang, S. S.-H.
- Affiliations
- Princeton University (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Neurocytology
- Published
- 2002-03
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 3-5
- Pages
- 289-298
- ISSN
- 0300-4864 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7381
- OpenAlex
- W1568869808
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neurocytology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- scaling laws, brain size, white matter volume, cortical folding, processing speed, brain energy metabolism, cellular specialization, comparative neuroanatomy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Count, Biological Evolution, Nerve Fibers, Nerve Net, Neurons, Organ Size, Phylogeny, Species Specificity, Neocortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review