Cited by 332Smoking Behavior and CessationBehavioral Health and InterventionsSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

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Attentional bias predicts outcome in smoking cessation.

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Waters, Andrew J., Shiffman, Saul, Sayette, Michael A., Paty, Jean A., Gwaltney, Chad J., Balabanis, Mark H.·2003·Health Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0278-6133.22.4.378PMC PMC2244587

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Abstract

Most attempts to quit smoking end in failure, with many quitters relapsing in the first few days. Responses to smoking-related cues may precipitate relapse. A modified emotional Stroop task-which measures the extent to which smoking-related words disrupt performance on a reaction time (RT) task-was used to index the distracting effects of smoking-related cues. Smokers (N = 158) randomized to a high-dose nicotine patch (35 mg) or placebo patch completed the Stroop task on the 1st day of a quit attempt. Smokers using an active patch exhibited less attentional bias, making fewer errors on smoking-related words. Smokers who showed greater attentional bias (slowed RT on the first block of smoking words) were significantly more likely to lapse in the short-term, even when controlling for self-reported urges at the test session. Attentional bias measures may tap an important component of dependence.

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“…actually predict rates of relapse after treatment for numerous drugs, including for nicotine (Jane Powell, Dawkins, West, Powell, & Pickering, 2010; Waters et al., 2003) and alcohol (W. M. Cox, Hogan, Kristian, & Race, 2002; W. M. Cox, Pothos, & Hosier, 2007), suggesting that cue reactivity…”
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Authors: Waters, A. J., Shiffman, S., Sayette, M. A., Paty, J. A., Gwaltney, C. J., & Balabanis, M. H.
Affiliations: Georgetown University (US)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
ORCID: Waters, Andrew J.
Sayette, Michael A.
Paty, Jean A.
Gwaltney, Chad J.
Venue: Health Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2003
Volume: 22
Issue: 4
Pages: 378-387
ISSN: 0278-6133 (ISSN-L)
1930-7810
DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.22.4.378
PMC: PMC2244587
OpenAlex: W1999450431
Cited by: 332
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 5.17
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Public Health Service (P5084718)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 06084, R01DA006084)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: attentional bias, smoking cessation, relapse, smoking-related cues, emotional Stroop task, nicotine patch, nicotine dependence, smoking urges, reaction time
MeSH terms: Smoking Prevention, Adult, Attention, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Reaction Time, Recurrence, Vocabulary, Smoking Cessation

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Attentional bias predicts outcome in smoking cessation.

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