Individual differences in trajectory of intellectual development over 45 years of adulthood.
Abstract
The hypothesis that individual differences in adult intellectual development reflect variation in life context and personality was examined in 132 World War II (WWII) veterans. Intelligence data from the Canadian Army M Test were available for 3 occasions, WWII, 1984-1986 (Int85), and 1989-1991 (Int90). Performance declined over the 45 years on 5 subtests but improved on the 6th, Vocabulary. Correlations between WWII and Int90 scores showed considerable stability of individual differences in intelligence over 45 years. Younger age predicted less decline over 45 years on all subtests; a more engaged lifestyle predicted less decline on most subtests, and better health and greater introversion predicted less decline on some subtests. Predictors of change since Int85 were similar to those for the whole period. Implications for theories of adult intellectual development are discussed.
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Four other studies did not observe a correlation between neuroticism and cognitive decline.
“four other studies have not observed a correlation between neuroticism and cognitive decline.”
From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Arbuckle, Maag, Pushkar, & Chaikelson, 1998
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- Authors
- Arbuckle, T. Y., Maag, U., Pushkar, D., & Chaikelson, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Concordia University (CA)
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 663-675
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- OpenAlex
- W2071947363
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Ego Development and Educational Practices
- Keywords
- individual differences, cognitive aging, life context, personality, introversion, age effects, vocabulary, World War II veterans
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Canada, Demography, Education, Extraversion, Psychological, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Individuality, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Introversion, Psychological, Life Style, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Sampling Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Veterans, Warfare
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