Discounting of probabilistic rewards is associated with gambling abstinence in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers
Open accessAbstract
Individuals with addictive disorders, including substance abusers and pathological gamblers, discount or devalue rewards delayed in time more than controls. Theoretically, preference for probabilistic rewards is directly related to gambling, but limited empirical research has examined probabilistic discounting in individuals with pathological gambling. This study evaluated probability and delay discounting in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers and their association with gambling treatment outcomes during and after treatment. At time of treatment entry, 226 pathological gamblers completed probability and delay discounting tasks. They were then randomized to one of three treatment conditions, and gambling behavior was measured throughout treatment and at a 1-year follow-up assessment. After controlling for possibly confounding variables and treatment condition, more shallow probability discounting was associated with greater reductions in amounts wagered during treatment and likelihood of gambling abstinence at the end of treatment and throughout the follow-up period. No associations were noted between delay discounting and gambling treatment outcomes. These data suggest that probability discounting may be an important construct in understanding pathological gambling and its treatment.
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With the exception of one study, females were more likely to have positive post-treatment outcomes.
“With the exception of one study (Petry, 2012), the results indicate that females were more likely to have positive post-treatment outcomes.”
From Predictors of outcomes of psychological treatments for disordered gambling: A systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as Petry, 2012
In the systematic review, probability discounting was examined as a predictor of medium-term outcomes in one study (Petry, 2012), and the table reports 100% of significant results.
“| Probability discounting | Petry (2012) | | x | - | 1 | 100% |”
From Predictors of outcomes of psychological treatments for disordered gambling: A systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as Petry (2012)
Studies on adults have revealed a link between risky performance in gambling tasks and clinically relevant risky behaviors.
“However, studies on adults have revealed a link between risky performance in gambling tasks and clinically relevant risky behaviors, e.g. between the performance in the IGT and substance use disorders, pathological gambling and psychopathic behavior [70], between performance in the PD and pathological gambling as well as alcohol dependence [71], [72], and between performance on the BART and self-”
From Risky behavior in gambling tasks in individuals with ADHD–a systematic literature review (2013) · cites this paper as [71]
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Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Disordered Gambling
Ledgerwood, D. M., Loree, A. M., & Lundahl, L. H. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118316078.ch13 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Wirkus, T., Czernecka, R., Bühringer, G., & Kräplin, A. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-48449-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Petry, N. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Connecticut (US)
- Corresponding author
- Petry, Nancy M.
- ORCID
- Petry, Nancy M.
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2012-02
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 151-159
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- PMC
- PMC3773696
- OpenAlex
- W2012310111
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (P30-DA023918; R01-MH60417; R01- DA14618; R01-DA13444; R01-DA018883; R01-DA016855; R01- DA021567; R01-DA022739; R01-DA027615; P60-AA03510; P50- DA09241)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- gambling addiction, probability discounting, delay discounting, treatment-seeking gamblers, addiction, impulsivity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gambling, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Middle Aged, Probability, Psychotherapy, Group, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reward, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Odds Ratio
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