Cited by 192Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesTreatment of Major Depression

Attention bias modification for major depressive disorder: Effects on attention bias, resting state connectivity, and symptom change.

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Beevers, Christopher G., Clasen, Peter C., Enock, Philip M., Schnyer, David M.·2015·Journal of Abnormal Psychology

Abstract

Cognitive theories of depression posit that selective attention for negative information contributes to the maintenance of depression. The current study experimentally tested this idea by randomly assigning adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) to 4 weeks of computer-based attention bias modification designed to reduce negative attention bias or 4 weeks of placebo attention training. Findings indicate that compared to placebo training, attention bias modification reduced negative attention bias and increased resting-state connectivity within a neural circuit (i.e., middle frontal gyrus and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex) that supports control over emotional information. Further, pre- to post-training change in negative attention bias was significantly correlated with depression symptom change only in the active training condition. Exploratory analyses indicated that pre- to post-training changes in resting state connectivity within a circuit associated with sustained attention to visual information (i.e., precuenus and middle frontal gyrus) contributed to symptom improvement in the placebo condition. Importantly, depression symptoms did not change differentially between the training groups-overall, a 40% decrease in symptoms was observed across attention training conditions. Findings suggest that negative attention bias is associated with the maintenance of depression; however, deficits in general attentional control may also maintain depression symptoms, as evidenced by resting state connectivity and depression symptom improvement in the placebo training condition.

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  • Negative biases in attention and self-representations have been directly linked to reduced functional connectivity in prefrontal-limbic circuitry, suggesting these neural and behavioral features of depression could reflect a unitary plasticity impairment, expressed across levels of analysis.

    “Negative biases in attention 42,43,104,105 and self-representations 44 have been directly linked to reduced functional connectivity in prefrontal-limbic circuitry, suggesting these neural and behavioral features of depression could reflect a unitary plasticity impairment, expressed across levels of analysis.”

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Authors
Beevers, C. G., Clasen, P. C., Enock, P. M., & Schnyer, D. M.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas at Austin (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
Venue
Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Published
2015-08
Volume
124
Issue
3
Pages
463-475
ISSN
  • 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1846
OpenAlex
W2085223651
Cited by
192
References
69
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 3
FWCI
23.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (R21MH092430; R01DA032457)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
attentional bias modification, major depressive disorder, resting-state functional connectivity, middle frontal gyrus, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, attentional control, placebo effect, symptom change, cognitive theories of depression, sustained attention
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Attention, Brain, Brain Mapping, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Young Adult, Symptom Assessment

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