Suboxic diagenesis in banded iron formations

Walker, James C. G.

doi:10.1038/309340a0

Cited by 192Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsGeochemistry and Elemental AnalysisGeological and Geochemical Analysis

Suboxic diagenesis in banded iron formations

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Walker, James C. G.·1984·Nature

DOI 10.1038/309340a0

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Abstract

Anomalous isotopic composition has been reported for the carbon in carbonate minerals of banded iron formations. Well studied examples show and enrichment in the light isotope of carbon, 12C. This enrichment presumably reflects unusual circumstances in the deposition of these sedimentary rocks. It is suggested here that the isotopically-light carbonate results from early diagenetic oxidation by bacteria of substantial amounts of isotopically light organic carbon. The electron acceptor that permits oxidation in the absence of free oxygen is presumed to the iron(III) which may have been significantly more abundant in the initial chemical precipitate than in the post-diagenetic sedimentary rock.

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Coupling the reduction of some Fe(III) minerals to the oxidation of organic matter explains the low content of organic carbon in IFs (<0.5 wt.%), the highly negative δ13C values of early diagenetic Fe(II)-rich carbonates, the small-scale heterogeneity in δ56Fe values, the presence of Fe(II)-bearing minerals in IF, and the general lack of microfossils preserved in Fe-rich layers lacking siliciation
“Significantly, coupling the reduction of some Fe(III) minerals to the oxidation of organic matter not only explains the low content of organic carbon in IFs (<0.5 wt.%; Gole and Klein, 1981), but it also explains highly negative δ 13 C values of the early diagenetic Fe(II)-rich carbonates (Perry et al., 1973; Walker, 1984; Baur et al., 1985; Heimann et al., 2010; Craddock and Dauphas,”
From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Walker, 1984
The ferric minerals in IF would have represented a favourable electron acceptor for the oxidation of organic matter through DIR by various bacteria and archaea.
“By contrast, the ferric minerals in IF would have represented a favourable electron acceptor for the oxidation of organic matter (Walker, 1984; Nealson and Myers, 1990) through DIR by various bacteria and archaea”
From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Walker, 1984

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Authors: Walker, J. C. G.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author: Walker, James C. G.
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1984-05
Volume: 309
Issue: 5966
Pages: 340-342
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/309340a0
OpenAlex: W2076321104
Cited by: 192
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 4.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Keywords: banded iron formations, carbon isotopes, carbonate minerals, bacterial oxidation, organic carbon, early diagenesis
MeSH terms: Anaerobiosis, Bacteria, Carbon, Carbon Isotopes, Carbonates, Ferric Compounds, Ferrous Compounds, Iron, Oxidation-Reduction, Seawater, Water Microbiology, Geologic Sediments

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