Hydrothermal and resedimented origins of the precursor sediments to banded iron formation: sedimentological evidence from the Early Palaeoproterozoic Brockman Supersequence of Western Australia
Abstract
Abstract The Early Palaeoproterozoic Brockman Supersequence comprises banded iron formation (BIF), bedded chert, limestone, mudrock, sandstone, breccia, tuffaceous mudstone, ashfall tuff and, in sections not reported here, basalt and rhyolite. Density current rhythms are preserved in sandstones, mudrocks, tuffaceous mudstones and limestones. Relics of similar rhythms in BIF imply that its precursor sediments were also deposited by density currents. Hemipelagic deposits are siliciclastic or mixed siliciclastic–volcaniclastic mudstones. Bedded chert, chert nodules and the chert matrix of BIF preserve evidence for formation by diagenetic replacement. For bedded chert (and chert nodules), silica replacement occurred before compaction close to or at the sediment–water interface, indicating that it is siliceous hardground. The chert matrix of BIF formed during compaction but before burial metamorphism. Original sediments were resedimented from two sources: (1) limestone, mudrock, sandstone, breccia and tuffaceous mudstone from a shelf; and (2) BIF from within the basin realm. Shelf sediments were resedimented to basin‐floor fans during third‐order lowstands. The precursor sediments to BIF are interpreted to have been granular hydrothermal muds, composed of iron‐rich smectite and particles of iron oxyhydroxide and siderite that were deposited on the flanks of submarine volcanoes and resedimented by density currents. Resedimentation occurred by either bottom currents or gravity‐driven turbidity currents, and the resulting sediment bodies may have been contourite drifts. The concept that BIF records high‐frequency alternating precipitation from ambient sea water of iron minerals and silica is negated by this study. Instead, it is postulated that the precursor sediments to BIF originated in much the same way as modern Red Sea hydrothermal iron oxide deposits, implying that at least the particles of iron oxyhydroxide originated from the oxidation of vent fluids by sea water. Several orders of cyclicity in basin filling establish a relationship between rising to high sea levels, episodic sea‐floor hydrothermal activity and BIF that is reminiscent of the link between eustacy and spreading‐ridge pulses.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The Marra Mamba IF was deposited in a deep-water basinal setting adjacent to a passive margin during the sea-level highstand of the Marra Mamba basin, and has an average outcrop thickness of about 210 m.
“It was deposited in a deep-water basinal setting adjacent to a passive margin during the sea-level highstand of the Marra Mamba basin, and has an average outcrop thickness of about 210 m”
From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Krapež et al., 2003
The 2.60 Ga Marra Mamba Formation of the Hamersley Province in Western Australia is one of the thickest IFs in the geologic record.
“The 2.60 Ga Marra Mamba Formation of the Hamersley Province in Western Australia is one of the thickest IFs in the geologic record.”
From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Krapež et al., 2003
Cites
Lowe, D. R. (1982) · Journal of Sedimentary Research · doi:10.1306/212f7f31-2b24-11d7-8648000102c1865d · Cited by 2,488 · see citing works
The Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans
Holland, H. D. (1984) · doi:10.1515/9780691220239 · Cited by 1,836 · see citing works
Kasting, J. F. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.11536547 · Cited by 1,374 · see citing works
Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea
Hughes, F. (1990) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 675 · see citing works
(1990) · Developments in sedimentology · doi:10.1016/s0070-4571(08)x7036-0 · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Paleoecological Significance of the Banded Iron-Formation
Cloud, P. (1973) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.68.7.1135 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
The chemical evolution of Precambrian seawater: evidence from REEs in banded iron formations
Derry, L. A., & Jacobsen, S. B. (1990) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(90)90114-z · Cited by 468 · see citing works
The silica cycle in the Precambrian
Siever, R. (1992) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(92)90303-z · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Nelson, B. K., & DePaolo, D. J. (1985) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Plate Tectonics and the Japanese Islands: A Synthesis
Uyeda, S., & Miyashiro, A. (1974) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1974)85 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Klein, C., & Beukes, N. J. (1989) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.84.7.1733 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
The Oceans; A Possible Source of Iron in Iron-Formations
Holland, H. D. (1973) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.68.7.1169 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy
Sarg, J. F. (1988) · SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) eBooks · doi:10.2110/pec.88.01.0155 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Fluvial adjustments to the spread of tamarisk in the Colorado Plateau region
Graf, W. L. (1978) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Morris, R. C. (1993) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(93)90051-3 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Evaporitic sediments of Early Archaean age from the Warrawoona Group, North Pole, Western Australia
BUICK, R., & DUNLOP, J. S. R. (1990) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1990.tb00958.x · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Hydrothermal plumes and the delivery of iron to banded iron formation
Isley, A. E. (1995) · The Journal of Geology · doi:10.1086/629734 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Barley, M. E., Pickard, A. L., & Sylvester, P. J. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/385055a0 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Self-citationHydrothermal mineralization at seafloor spreading centers
Rona, P. A. (1984) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/0012-8252(84)90080-1 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
The Significance of Iron‐Formation in the Precambrian Stratigraphic Record
Trendall, A. F. (2002) · doi:10.1002/9781444304312.ch3 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Collerson, K. D., & Kamber, B. S. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5407.1519 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Melezhik, V. A., Fallick, A. E., Медведев, П. В., & Makarikhin, V. V. (1999) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0012-8252(99)00044-6 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Studies of the Dales Gorge Member of the Brockman Iron Formation, Western Australia
Ewers, W. E., & Morris, R. C. (1981) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.76.7.1929 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Beukes, N. J., Klein, C., Kaufman, A. J., & Hayes, J. M. (1990) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.85.4.663 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Lowe, D. R. (1983) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(83)90016-5 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Morris, R. C. (1980) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.75.2.184 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Alibert, C., & McCulloch, M. T. (1993) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(93)90478-f · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Sequence Stratigraphy, Sea‐Level Change, and Significance for the Deep Sea
Haq, B. U. (1991) · doi:10.1002/9781444303896.ch1 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Suboxic diagenesis in banded iron formations
Walker, J. C. G. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/309340a0 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Rise of atmospheric oxygen and the “upside‐down” Archean mantle
Kump, L. R., Kasting, J. F., & Barley, M. (2001) · Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems · doi:10.1029/2000gc000114 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Self-citationJacobsen, S. B., & Pimentel‐Klose, M. R. (1988) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(88)90062-3 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Hempton, M. R., & Dewey, J. F. (1983) · Tectonophysics · doi:10.1016/0040-1951(83)90294-9 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
GENESIS OF HIGH-GRADE HEMATITE OREBODIES OF THE HAMERSLEY PROVINCE, WESTERN AUSTRALIA--A REPLY
Taylor, D., Dalstra, H. J., & Harding, A. E. (2002) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.97.1.179 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Carbonate sedimentology of the early Precambrian Hamersley Group of Western Australia
Simonson, B. M., Schubel, K. A., & Hassler, S. W. (1993) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(93)90052-4 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Precambrian Iron-Formations of Southern Africa
Beukes, N. J. (1973) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.68.7.960 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Morris, R. C., & Horwitz, R. C. (1983) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(83)90044-x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Primary and diagenetic controls of isotopic compositions of iron-formation carbonates
Kaufman, A. J., Hayes, J. M., & Klein, C. (1990) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(90)90298-y · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Baur, M. E., Hayes, J. M., Studley, S. A., & Walter, M. R. (1985) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.80.2.270 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Genesis of High-Grade Hematite Orebodies of the Hamersley Province, Western Australia
Taylor, D. (2001) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/96.4.837 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Blake, T. S., & Barley, M. (1992) · Tectonics · doi:10.1029/92tc00339 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationBarley, M. E., Pickard, A. L., Hagemann, S. G., & Folkert, S. L. (1999) · Mineralium Deposita · doi:10.1007/s001260050238 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationBarley, M. E., Dunlop, J. S. R., Glover, J. E., & Groves, D. I. (1979) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(79)90156-0 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationAbyssal circulation of the southeastern Pacific and some geological implications
Lonsdale, P. F. (1976) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/jc081i006p01163 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Blake, T. S. (1993) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(93)90050-c · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Ayres, D. E. (1972) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.67.8.1214 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Pickard, A. L. (2002) · Australian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1046/j.1440-0952.2002.00933.x · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citationTectonic systems and the deposition of iron-formation
Gross, G. A. (1983) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(83)90072-4 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Was the Deposition of Large Precambrian Iron Formations Linked to Major Marine Transgressions?
Simonson, B. M., & Hassler, S. W. (1996) · The Journal of Geology · doi:10.1086/629861 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Varve Cycles in the Weeli Wolli Formation of the Precambrian Hamersley Group, Western Australia
Trendall, A. F. (1973) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.68.7.1089 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Origin and evolution of large Precambrian iron formations
Simonson, B. M. (2003) · Geological Society of America eBooks · doi:10.1130/0-8137-2370-1.231 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Veizer, J. (1978) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(78)90024-4 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Krapež, B. (1999) · Australian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1046/j.1440-0952.1999.00688.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationHassler, S. W., & Simonson, B. M. (2001) · The Journal of Geology · doi:10.1086/317958 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Simonson, B. M. (1987) · Journal of Sedimentary Research · doi:10.1306/212f8b75-2b24-11d7-8648000102c1865d · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Blake, T. S. (2001) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/s0301-9268(00)00135-2 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Altered pyroclastic rocks in iron-formation in the Hamersley range, Western Australia
LaBerge, G. L. (1966) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.61.1.147 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Nelsen, T. A., Klinkhammer, G. P., Trefry, J. H., & Trocine, R. P. (1987) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(87)90160-9 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Sugitani, K., Yamamoto, K., Adachi, M., Kawabe, I., & Sugisaki, R. (1998) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.00198.x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The Early Proterozoic Nabberu Basin and associated iron formations of Western Australia
Hall, W. D., & Goode, A. D. T. (1978) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(78)90031-1 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Iron in Precambrian rocks: Implications for the global oxygen budget of the ancient Earth
Kump, L. R., & Holland, H. D. (1992) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(92)90299-x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Chapter 12 Distribution of Banded Iron-Formation in Space and Time
James, H. L. (1983) · Developments in precambrian geology · doi:10.1016/s0166-2635(08)70053-7 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Secular variations in the composition of sedimentary carbonate rocks, I. Alkali metals
Veizer, J., & Garrett, D. E. (1978) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(78)90023-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Gao, Z., Eriksson, K. A., Youbin, H., Shunshe, L., & Gao, J. (1998) · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sedimentology of cherts in the Early Proterozoic Wishart Formation, Quebec‐Newfoundland, Canada
Simonson, B. M. (1985) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1985.tb00490.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Paleo-environment of iron-rich sedimentary rocks
Dimhoth, E. (1975) · International Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf01820694 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Butuzova, G. Y., Drits, V. A., Morozov, A. A., & Gorshkov, A. I. (1990) · doi:10.1002/9781444303872.ch6 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Silicification in the Belt Supergroup (Mesoproterozoic), Glacier National Park, Montana, USA
Maliva, R. G. (2001) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00399.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bekker, A., Slack, J. F., Planavsky, N., Krapez, B., Hofmann, A., Konhauser, K. O., & Rouxel, O. J. (2010) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.467 · Cited by 1,013 · see citing works
Self-citationKlein, C. (2005) · American Mineralogist · doi:10.2138/am.2005.1871 · Cited by 969 · see citing works
Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history
Konhauser, K. O., Planavsky, N. J., Hardisty, D. S., Robbins, L. J., Warchola, T. J., Haugaard, R., Lalonde, S. V., Partin, C. A., Oonk, P. B. H., Tsikos, H., et al. (2017) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.06.012 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Planavsky, N. J., Bekker, A., Rouxel, O. J., Kamber, B. S., Hofmann, A., Knudsen, A. C., & Lyons, T. W. (2010) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.07.021 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Late Archean Biospheric Oxygenation and Atmospheric Evolution
Kaufman, A. J., Johnston, D. T., Farquhar, J., Masterson, A. L., Lyons, T. W., Bates, S., Anbar, A. D., Arnold, G. L., Garvin, J., & Buick, R. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1138700 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Decoupling photochemical Fe(II) oxidation from shallow-water BIF deposition
Konhauser, K. O., Amskold, L., Lalonde, S. V., Posth, N. R., Kappler, A. A., & Anbar, A. D. (2007) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.03.026 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Iron Formations: Their Origins and Implications for Ancient Seawater Chemistry
Bekker, A., Planavsky, N. J., Krapež, B., Rasmussen, B., Hofmann, A., Slack, J. F., Rouxel, O. J., & Konhauser, K. O. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.00719-1 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Self-citationKONHAUSER, K. O., NEWMAN, D. K., & KAPPLER, A. (2005) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1472-4669.2005.00055.x · Cited by 252 · see citing works
BARLEY, M., BEKKER, A., & KRAPEZ, B. (2005) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.062 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Self-citationThurston, P. C., Ayer, J. A., Goutier, J., & Hamilton, M. A. (2008) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.103.6.1097 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Trace elements at the intersection of marine biological and geochemical evolution
Robbins, L. J., Lalonde, S. V., Planavsky, N. J., Partin, C. A., Reinhard, C. T., Kendall, B., Scott, C., Hardisty, D. S., Gill, B. C., Alessi, D. S., et al. (2016) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.10.013 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Pecoits, E., Gingras, M. K., Barley, M. E., Kappler, A., Posth, N. R., & Konhauser, K. O. (2009) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2009.03.014 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citationTrendall, A. F., Compston, W., NELSON, D. R., Laeter, J. R. D., & Bennett, V. C. (2004) · Australian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1400-0952.2004.01082.x · Cited by 200 · see citing works
An iron shuttle for deepwater silica in Late Archean and early Paleoproterozoic iron formation
Fischer, W. W., & Knoll, A. H. (2006) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b26328.1 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Iron isotope composition of some Archean and Proterozoic iron formations
Planavsky, N. J., Rouxel, O. J., Bekker, A., Hofmann, A., Little, C. T. S., & Lyons, T. W. (2011) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.12.001 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Validating the existence of Vaalbara in the Neoarchean
Kock, M. O. D., Evans, D. A. D., & Beukes, N. J. (2009) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2009.07.002 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Basta, F. F., Maurice, A. E., Fontboté, L., & Favarger, P. ‐. (2011) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2011.03.011 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
BIF-hosted iron mineral system: A review
Hagemann, S. G., Angerer, T., Duuring, P., Rosière, C. A., Silva, R. C. F. E., Lobato, L. M., Hensler, A.-S., & Walde, D. H. G. (2015) · Ore Geology Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.11.004 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Molybdenum isotope evidence for mild environmental oxygenation before the Great Oxidation Event
Duan, Y., Anbar, A. D., Arnold, G. L., Lyons, T. W., Gordon, G. W., & Kendall, B. (2010) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.08.035 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Modes of Biomineralization of Magnetite by Microbes
Bazylinski, D. A., Frankel, R. B., & Konhauser, K. O. (2007) · Geomicrobiology Journal · doi:10.1080/01490450701572259 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Pickard, A. (2003) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/s0301-9268(03)00113-x · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Self-citationBiogenic Fe(III) minerals: from formation to diagenesis and preservation in the rock record
Posth, N. R., Canfield, D. E., & Kappler, A. (2014) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.03.012 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Fe isotope and trace element geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic syn-glacial Rapitan iron formation
Halverson, G. P., Poitrasson, F., Hoffman, P. F., Nédélec, A., Montel, J.-M., & Kirby, J. K. (2011) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.06.021 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
What caused the rise of atmospheric O2?
Kasting, J. F. (2013) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.05.039 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) and Metallogeny
Ernst, R. E., & Jowitt, S. M. (2013) · doi:10.5382/sp.17.02 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Christensen, P. R., & Ruff, S. W. (2004) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2003je002233 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Uranium isotope fractionation suggests oxidative uranium mobilization at 2.50 Ga
Kendall, B., Brennecka, G. A., Weyer, S., & Anbar, A. D. (2013) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.08.010 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Biological carbon precursor to diagenetic siderite with spherical structures in iron formations
Köhler, I., Konhauser, K. O., Papineau, D., Bekker, A., & Kappler, A. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms2770 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Simulating Precambrian banded iron formation diagenesis
Posth, N. R., Köhler, I., Swanner, E. D., Schröder, C. A., Wellmann, E., Binder, B. R., Konhauser, K. O., Neumann, U., Berthold, C., Nowak, M., et al. (2013) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.05.031 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Microbiological processes in banded iron formation deposition
Posth, N. R., Konhauser, K. O., & Kappler, A. A. (2013) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1111/sed.12051 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Rasmussen, B., Krapež, B., Muhling, J. R., & Suvorova, A. (2015) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g36309.1 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationFe(II)-carbonate precipitation kinetics and the chemistry of anoxic ferruginous seawater
Jiang, C. Z., & Tosca, N. J. (2018) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.11.010 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Rasmussen, B., Muhling, J. R., Suvorova, A., & Krapež, B. (2017) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2016.12.005 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationIron silicate microgranules as precursor sediments to 2.5-billion-year-old banded iron formations
Rasmussen, B., Meier, D. B., Krapež, B., & Muhling, J. R. (2013) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g33828.1 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationRasmussen, B., Krapež, B., & Meier, D. B. (2014) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b30944.1 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationPickard, A. L., Barley, M., & Krapež, B. (2004) · Sedimentary Geology · doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.06.007 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationSelenium isotopes support free O2 in the latest Archean
Stüeken, E. E., Buick, R., & Anbar, A. D. (2015) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g36218.1 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Primary hematite in Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic oceans
Sun, S., Konhauser, K. O., Kappler, A. A., & Li, Y. (2015) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b31122.1 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
The formation of magnetite in the early Archean oceans
Li, Y., Konhauser, K. O., & Zhai, M. (2017) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.03.013 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Steadman, J. A., Large, R. R., Meffre, S., Olin, P., Danyushevsky, L. V., Gregory, D. D., Belousov, I. A., Lounejeva, E., Ireland, T. R., & Holden, P. N. (2015) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/econgeo.110.5.1157 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Chemical and biological evolution of early Earth: Constraints from banded iron formations
Ohmoto, H., Watanabe, Y., Yamaguchi, K. E., Naraoka, H., Haruna, M., Kakegawa, T., Hayashi, K., & Kato, Y. (2006) · Geological Society of America eBooks · doi:10.1130/2006.1198(17 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Reexamination of 2.5-Ga “whiff” of oxygen interval points to anoxic ocean before GOE
Slotznick, S. P., Johnson, J. E., Rasmussen, B., Raub, T. D., Webb, S. M., Zi, J.-W., Kirschvink, J. L., & Fischer, W. W. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abj7190 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Rasmussen, B., Muhling, J. R., Suvorova, A., & Krapež, B. (2016) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2016.07.003 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationClimate control on banded iron formations linked to orbital eccentricity
Lantink, M. L., Davies, J. H. F. L., Mason, P. R. D., Schaltegger, U., & Hilgen, F. J. (2019) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-019-0332-8 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Greenalite and its role in the genesis of early Precambrian iron formations – A review
Rasmussen, B., Muhling, J. R., & Krapež, B. (2021) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103613 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationBiogeochemical Transformations in the History of the Ocean
Lenton, T. M., & Daines, S. J. (2016) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-010816-060521 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Huberty, J. M., Konishi, H., Heck, P. R., Fournelle, J. H., Valley, J. W., & Xu, H. (2012) · American Mineralogist · doi:10.2138/am.2012.3864 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Schröder, S., Bedorf, D., Beukes, N. J., & Gutzmer, J. (2011) · Sedimentary Geology · doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2010.11.007 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Raiswell, R., Reinhard, C. T., Derkowski, A., Owens, J. D., Bottrell, S. H., Anbar, A. D., & Lyons, T. W. (2010) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.11.013 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Li, Y., Konhauser, K. O., Kappler, A. A., & Hao, X. (2012) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.10.025 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Black smokers and density currents: A uniformitarian model for the genesis of banded iron-formations
Lascelles, D. F. (2006) · Ore Geology Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2006.11.005 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Haugaard, R. N., Ernesto Pecoits, A., Lalonde, S. V., Rouxel, O. J., & Konhauser, K. O. (2015) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2015.10.024 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Hotspots and mantle plumes: global intraplate tectonics, magmatism and ore deposits
Pirajno, F. (2004) · Mineralogy and Petrology · doi:10.1007/s00710-004-0046-4 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Nitrogen cycle in the Late Archean ferruginous ocean
Busigny, V., Lebeau, O., Ader, M., Krapež, B., & Bekker, A. (2013) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.06.023 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationXu, D., Wang, Z. L., Chen, H. Y., Hollings, P., Jansen, N. H., Zhang, Z., & Wu, C. (2013) · Ore Geology Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.08.011 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Heim, C., Simon, K., Ionescu, D., Reimer, A., de Beer, D., Quéric, N. V., Joachim Reitner, A., & Thiel, V. (2015) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2015.00006 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Products of the iron cycle on the early Earth
Tosca, N. J., Jiang, C. Z., Rasmussen, B., & Muhling, J. R. (2019) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.005 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Partridge, M. A., Golding, S. D., Baublys, K. A., & Young, E. (2008) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.03.051 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Schröder, S. (2006) · South African Journal of Geology · doi:10.2113/gssajg.109.1-2.23 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Generation of banded iron formations by internal dynamics and leaching of oceanic crust
Wang, Y., Xu, H., Merino, E., & Konishi, H. (2009) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo652 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Knoll, A. H., & Beukes, N. J. (2008) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2008.10.009 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Lan, T., Fan, H., Santosh, M., Hu, F., Yang, K., & Liu, Y. (2013) · Ore Geology Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.06.008 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
A review of Australia's Proterozoic mineral systems and genetic models
Pirajno, F., & Bagas, L. (2008) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.05.008 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Rasmussen, B., & Muhling, J. R. (2018) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2017.12.017 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Wang, C., Konhauser, K. O., & Zhang, L. (2015) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/econgeo.110.6.1515 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Kurzweil, F., Wille, M., Schoenberg, R., Taubald, H., & Van Kranendonk, M. J. (2015) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.009 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Angerer, T., Hagemann, S. G., Walde, D. H. G., Halverson, G. P., & Boyce, A. J. (2016) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2016.01.002 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Krapež, B., Sarma, D. S., Mohan, M. R., McNaughton, N. J., Rasmussen, B., & Wilde, S. A. (2019) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102966 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationBekker, A., Krapež, B., & Karhu, J. A. (2020) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103389 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationHalama, M., Swanner, E. D., Konhauser, K. O., & Kappler, A. (2016) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.032 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Atmospheric hydrogen peroxide and Eoarchean iron formations
Pecoits, E., Smith, M. L., Catling, D. C., Philippot, P., Kappler, A., & Konhauser, K. O. (2015) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12116 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Ramanaïdou, E., & Wells, M. (2013) · Treatise on Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.01115-3 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Functional diversity of bacteria in a ferruginous hydrothermal sediment
Handley, K. M., Boothman, C., Mills, R. A., Pancost, R. D., & Lloyd, J. R. (2010) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.38 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Meixnerová, J., Blum, J. D., Johnson, M. W., Stüeken, E. E., Kipp, M. A., Anbar, A. D., & Buick, R. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2107511118 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Soares, M. B., Neto, A. V. C., Zeh, A., Cabral, A. R., Pereira, L. F., do Prado, M. G. B., de Almeida, A. M., Manduca, L. G., da Silva, P. H. M., Mabub, R. O. D. A., et al. (2017) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2017.01.008 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Phytoplankton contributions to the trace-element composition of Precambrian banded iron formations
Konhauser, K. O., Robbins, L. J., Alessi, D. S., Flynn, S. L., Gingras, M. K., Martinez, R. E., Kappler, A. A., Swanner, E. D., Li, Y., Crowe, S. A., et al. (2017) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b31648.1 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Widespread deposition of greenalite to form Banded Iron Formations before the Great Oxidation Event
Muhling, J. R., & Rasmussen, B. (2020) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105619 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Hydrothermal vent fluid-seawater mixing and the origins of Archean iron formation
Tosca, N. J., & Tutolo, B. M. (2023) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2023.05.002 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Wang, C., Wu, H., Li, W., Peng, Z., Zhang, L., & Zhai, M. (2016) · Ore Geology Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.06.036 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Baldwin, G. J., Thurston, P. C., & Kamber, B. S. (2011) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.019 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Khalil, K. I., El-Shazly, A. K., & Lehmann, B. (2015) · Ore Geology Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.02.017 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The Genesis of the Hope Downs Iron Ore Deposit, Hamersley Province, Western Australia
Lascelles, D. F. (2006) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.101.7.1359 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Yan, H., Pi, D.-H., Jiang, S., Mao, J., Xu, L., Yang, X., Hao, W., Mänd, K., Li, L., Konhauser, K. O., et al. (2022) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2022.03.030 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mineralogical constraints on Precambrian "Equation missing"
Reinhard, C. T., & Planavsky, N. J. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09959 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Lascelles, D. F. (2006) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.101.3.651 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Sanislav, I. V., Brayshaw, M., Kolling, S. L., Dirks, P. H. G. M., Cook, Y., & Blenkinsop, T. (2016) · Mineralium Deposita · doi:10.1007/s00126-016-0660-1 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Krapež, B., Müller, S. G., Fletcher, I. R., & Rasmussen, B. (2017) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2017.03.020 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationTamehe, L. S., Wei, C., Ganno, S., Rosière, C. A., Li, H., Soares, M. B., Nzenti, J. P., Santos, J. O. S., & Bekker, A. (2022) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2022.106677 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Archean banded iron formations of India
Mukhopadhyay, J. (2019) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102927 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Bontognali, T. R. R., Fischer, W. W., & Föllmi, K. B. (2012) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2012.12.003 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Krapež, B., Barley, M., & Brown, S. J. A. (2007) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.06.016 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationSteadman, J. A., Large, R. R., Meffre, S., & Bull, S. W. (2013) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2013.02.013 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The Nigerian manganese-rich iron-formations and their host rocks—from sedimentation to metamorphism
Mücke, A. (2005) · Journal of African Earth Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.07.003 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Rasmussen, B., Krapež, B., & Muhling, J. R. (2015) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g36363.1 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationRole of Microorganisms in Banded Iron Formations
Köhler, I., Konhauser, K. O., & Kappler, A. A. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9204-5_14 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Blocking geophysical borehole log data using the continuous wavelet transform
Cooper, G. R. J., & Cowan, D. R. (2009) · Exploration Geophysics · doi:10.1071/eg08127 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Microbial processes during deposition and diagenesis of Banded Iron Formations
Dreher, C., Schad, M., Robbins, L. J., Konhauser, K. O., Kappler, A. A., & Joshi, P. (2021) · Paläontologische Zeitschrift · doi:10.1007/s12542-021-00598-z · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Ernst, D. M., & Bau, M. (2020) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2020.11.011 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Sedimentary mechanisms of a modern banded iron formation on Milos Island, Greece
Fru, E. C., Kilias, S., Ivarsson, M., Rattray, J. E., Gkika, K., McDonald, I., He, Q., & Broman, C. (2018) · Solid Earth · doi:10.5194/se-9-573-2018 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Banded iron formation to high-grade iron ore: a critical review of supergene enrichment models
Lascelles, D. F. (2012) · Australian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1080/08120099.2012.739575 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
- Authors
- Krapež, B., Barley, M. E., & Pickard, A. L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Krapež, Bryan
- Barley, Mark E.
- Pickard, April L.
- ORCID
- Krapež, Bryan
- Venue
- Sedimentology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-09-22
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 979-1011
- ISSN
- 0037-0746 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-3091
- OpenAlex
- W2165732484
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 10.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sedimentology (publishedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Minerals and Energy Research Institute of Western Australia
- Minerals Research Institute of Western Australia
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Earth-Surface Processes › Geological formations and processes
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- banded iron formations, Paleoproterozoic, hydrothermal sediments, resedimentation, gravity currents, turbidity currents, contourite drifts, bedded chert, iron oxyhydroxide, smectite, submarine volcanoes, basin floor fans, eustasy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review