The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bone–cartilage crosstalk: a conversation for understanding osteoarthritis
Open accessAbstract
Although cartilage degradation is the characteristic feature of osteoarthritis (OA), it is now recognized that the whole joint is involved in the progression of OA. In particular, the interaction (crosstalk) between cartilage and subchondral bone is thought to be a central feature of this process. The interface between articular cartilage and bone of articulating long bones is a unique zone, which comprises articular cartilage, below which is the calcified cartilage sitting on and intercalated into the subchondral bone plate. Below the subchondral plate is the trabecular bone at the end of the respective long bones. In OA, there are well-described progressive destructive changes in the articular cartilage, which parallel characteristic changes in the underlying bone. This review examines the evidence that biochemical and biomechanical signaling between these tissue compartments is important in OA disease progression and asks whether such signaling might provide possibilities for therapeutic intervention to halt or slow disease development.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Bonewald, L. F. (2011) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.320 · Cited by 2,287
TGF-β1–induced migration of bone mesenchymal stem cells couples bone resorption with formation
Tang, Y., Wu, X., Lei, W., Pang, L., Wan, C., Shi, Z., Zhao, L., Nagy, T. R., Peng, X., Hu, J., et al. (2009) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.1979 · Cited by 1,165
The Association of Bone Marrow Lesions with Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis
Felson, D. T., Chaisson, C. E., Hill, C. L., Totterman, S. M. S., Gale, M. E., Skinner, K. M., Kazis, L., & Gale, D. R. (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-7-200104030-00007 · Cited by 1,002
Zhen, G., Wen, C., Jia, X., Li, Y., Crane, J. L., Mears, S. C., Askin, F. B., Frassica, F. J., Chang, W., Yao, J., et al. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3143 · Cited by 943
Bone remodelling in osteoarthritis
Burr, D. B., & Gallant, M. A. (2012) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2012.130 · Cited by 919
Mechanotransduction in bone—role of the lacunocanalicular network
Burger, E. H., & Klein‐Nulend, J. (1999) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.9001.s101 · Cited by 897
Bone Marrow Edema and Its Relation to Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis
Felson, D. T., McLaughlin, S., Goggins, J., LaValley, M. P., Gale, M. E., Totterman, S., Li, W., Hill, C., & Gale, D. (2003) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-139-5_part_1-200309020-00008 · Cited by 761
Verborgt, O., Gibson, G. J., & Schaffler, M. B. (2000) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.1.60 · Cited by 731
Emerging regulators of the inflammatory process in osteoarthritis
Liu-Bryan, R., & Terkeltaub, R. (2015) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2014.162 · Cited by 652
Mechanisms and targets of angiogenesis and nerve growth in osteoarthritis
Mapp, P. I., & Walsh, D. A. (2012) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2012.80 · Cited by 638
Hayami, T., Pickarski, M., Zhuo, Y., Wesolowski, G. A., Rodan, G. A., & Duong, L. T. (2006) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2005.08.007 · Cited by 624
Strategies for the prevention of knee osteoarthritis
Roos, E. M., & Arden, N. K. (2016) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2015.135 · Cited by 580
Link, T. M., Steinbach, L. S., Ghosh, S., Ries, M., Lu, Y., Lane, N., & Majumdar, S. (2003) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2262012190 · Cited by 492
Hunter, D. J., Zhang, Y., Niu, J., Goggins, J., Amin, S., LaValley, M. P., Guermazi, A., Genant, H., Gale, D., & Felson, D. T. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21789 · Cited by 430
Rahmati, M., Mobasheri, A., & Mozafari, M. (2016) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2016.01.019 · Cited by 374
Homeostatic Mechanisms in Articular Cartilage and Role of Inflammation in Osteoarthritis
Houard, X., Goldring, M. B., & Berenbaum, F. (2013) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-013-0375-6 · Cited by 338
Subchondral Bone and Cartilage Disease: A Rediscovered Functional Unit
IMHOF, H., SULZBACHER, I., GRAMPP, S., CZERNY, C., YOUSSEFZADEH, S., & KAINBERGER, F. (2000) · Investigative Radiology · doi:10.1097/00004424-200010000-00004 · Cited by 323
The Mechanobiology of Articular Cartilage: Bearing the Burden of Osteoarthritis
Sanchez-Adams, J., Leddy, H. A., McNulty, A. L., O’Conor, C. J., & Guilak, F. (2014) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-014-0451-6 · Cited by 313
Vascular pathology and osteoarthritis
Findlay, D. M. (2007) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kem191 · Cited by 305
Self-citationYuan, X. L., Meng, H. Y., Wang, Y. C., Peng, J., Guo, Q. Y., Wang, A. Y., & Lu, S. B. (2014) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2014.05.023 · Cited by 300
Sowers, M. F., Hayes, C., Jamadar, D., Capul, D., Lachance, L., Jannausch, M., & Welch, G. (2003) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/s1063-4584(03)00080-3 · Cited by 289
Targeting VEGF and Its Receptors for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Associated Pain
Hamilton, J. L., Nagao, M., Levine, B. R., Chen, D., Olsen, B. R., & Im, H.-J. (2016) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.2828 · Cited by 287
Mechanosensation and transduction in osteocytes
Bonewald, L. F. (2006) · BoneKEy-Osteovision · doi:10.1138/20060233 · Cited by 283
Cui, Z., Crane, J., Xie, H., Jin, X., Zhen, G., Li, C., Xie, L., Wang, L., Bian, Q., Qiu, T., et al. (2016) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207923 · Cited by 268
In situ measurement of transport between subchondral bone and articular cartilage
Pan, J., Zhou, X., Li, W., Novotny, J. E., Doty, S. B., & Wang, L. (2009) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · doi:10.1002/jor.20883 · Cited by 244
Tanamas, S. K., Wluka, A. E., Pelletier, J.-P., Pelletier, J. M., Abram, F., Berry, P. A., Wang, Y., Jones, G., & Cicuttini, F. M. (2010) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keq286 · Cited by 225
Loeser, R. F., Olex, A. L., McNulty, M. A., Carlson, C. S., Callahan, M. F., Ferguson, C. M., Chou, J., Leng, X., & Fetrow, J. S. (2012) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.33388 · Cited by 222
Targeting TGFβ signaling in subchondral bone and articular cartilage homeostasis
Zhen, G., & Cao, X. (2014) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2014.03.005 · Cited by 220
Increased chondrocyte sclerostin may protect against cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis
Chan, B. Y., Fuller, E. S., Russell, A. K., Smith, S. M., Smith, M. M., Jackson, M. T., Cake, M. A., Read, R. A., Bateman, J. F., Sambrook, P. N., et al. (2011) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2011.04.014 · Cited by 197
Dell'Accio, F., De Bari, C., Eltawil, N. M., Vanhummelen, P., & Pitzalis, C. (2008) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.23444 · Cited by 196
To Wnt or not to Wnt: the bone and joint health dilemma
Lories, R. J., Corr, M., & Lane, N. E. (2013) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2013.25 · Cited by 193
Dequeker, J., Mohan, S., Finkelman, R. D., Aerssens, J., & Baylink, D. J. (1993) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780361209 · Cited by 190
Lyons, T. J., McClure, S. F., Stoddart, R. W., & McClure, J. (2006) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-7-52 · Cited by 189
Osteocyte regulation of bone mineral: a little give and take
Atkins, G. J., & Findlay, D. M. (2012) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-012-1915-z · Cited by 188
Self-citationHopwood, B., Tsykin, A., Findlay, D. M., & Fazzalari, N. L. (2007) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar2301 · Cited by 188
Self-citationSanchez, C., Deberg, M. A., Piccardi, N., Msika, P., Reginster, J.-Y. L., & Henrotin, Y. E. (2005) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2005.03.008 · Cited by 171
Bone cell interactions through Eph/ephrin: Bone modeling, remodeling and associated diseases
Matsuo, K., & Otaki, N. (2012) · Cell Adhesion & Migration · doi:10.4161/cam.20888 · Cited by 167
Botter, S. M., van Osch, G. J. V. M., Clockaerts, S., Waarsing, J. H., Weinans, H., & van Leeuwen, J. P. T. M. (2011) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.30307 · Cited by 167
Correlates of knee pain in older adults: Tasmanian older adult cohort study
Zhai, G., Blizzard, L., Srikanth, V., Ding, C., Cooley, H., Cicuttini, F., & Jones, G. (2006) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.21835 · Cited by 162
Couchourel, D., Aubry, I., Delalandre, A., Lavigne, M. J. F., Martel‐Pelletier, J., Pelletier, J., & Lajeunesse, D. (2009) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.24489 · Cited by 155
Garnero, P., PETERFY, C. G., Zaïm, S., & Schoenharting, M. (2005) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21366 · Cited by 153
Expression of bone resorption genes in osteoarthritis and in osteoporosis
Logar, D. B., Komadina, R., Preželj, J., Ostanek, B., Trošt, Z., & Marc, J. (2007) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism · doi:10.1007/s00774-007-0753-0 · Cited by 147
Fazzalari, N. L., Kuliwaba, J. S., Atkins, G. J., Forwood, M. R., & Findlay, D. M. (2001) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.6.1015 · Cited by 129
Self-citationDkk‐1 expression in chondrocytes inhibits experimental osteoarthritic cartilage destruction in mice
Oh, H., Chun, C. H., & Chun, J. (2012) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.34481 · Cited by 124
Manicourt, D.-H., Altman, R. D., Williams, J. M., Devogelaer, J., Egeren, A. V., Lenz, M. E., Pietryla, D., & Thonar, E. J. ‐. A. (1999) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199906)42:6<1159::aid-anr12>3.0.co;2-q · Cited by 122
Aitken, D. A., Martens, A., Quinn, S. J., Ding, C., Winzenberg, T. M., Zhai, G., Pelletier, J., Martel‐Pelletier, J., Abram, F., Cicuttini, F., et al. (2010) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar3209 · Cited by 121
Hwang, J., Bae, W. C., Shieu, W., Lewis, C. W., Bugbee, W. D., & Sah, R. L. (2008) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.24069 · Cited by 120
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Alterations in Bone Marrow Lesions in Patients With Hip Osteoarthritis
Campbell, T. M., Churchman, S. M., Gomez, A., McGonagle, D., Conaghan, P. G., Ponchel, F., & Jones, E. (2016) · Arthritis & Rheumatology · doi:10.1002/art.39622 · Cited by 116
Kadri, A., Ea, H., Bazille, C., Hannouche, D., Lioté, F., & Cohen-Solal, M. E. (2008) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.23638 · Cited by 107
Cherian, J. J., Parvizi, J., Bramlet, D. G., Lee, K.-H., Romness, D. W., & Mont, M. A. (2015) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.06.019 · Cited by 104
Li, B., & Aspden, R. M. (1997) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s001980050032 · Cited by 103
Wluka, A. E., Wang, Y., Davies-Tuck, M. L., English, D. R., Giles, G. G., & Cicuttini, F. (2008) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/ken237 · Cited by 90
Guymer, E. K., Baranyay, F., Wluka, A. E., Hanna, F. S., Bell, R. J., Davis, S. R., Wang, Y., & Cicuttini, F. (2007) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2007.04.010 · Cited by 88
Chondroprotective effect of alendronate in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis
Shirai, T., Kobayashi, M., Nishitani, K., Satake, T., Kuroki, H., Nakagawa, Y., & Nakamura, T. (2011) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.21394 · Cited by 87
Femoral Trabecular Bone of Osteoarthritic and Normal Subjects in an Age and Sex Matched Group
Fazzalari, N. L., & Parkinson, I. H. (1998) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1053/joca.1998.0141 · Cited by 80
Zhao, W., Wang, T., Luo, Q., Chen, Y., Leung, V., Wen, C., Shah, M. F., Pan, H., Chiu, P., Cao, X., et al. (2015) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.23079 · Cited by 80
Systemic neutralization of TGF‐β attenuates osteoarthritis
Xie, L., Tintani, F., Wang, X., Li, F., Zhen, G., Qiu, T., Wan, M., Crane, J. L., Chen, Q., & Cao, X. (2016) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13000 · Cited by 78
Chou, C., Lee, C.-H., Lu, L.-S., Song, I.-W., Chuang, H.-P., Kuo, S.-Y., Wu, J.-Y., Chen, Y.-T., Kraus, V. B., Wu, C., et al. (2012) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2012.11.016 · Cited by 74
Muratovic, D., Cicuttini, F., Wluka, A. E., Findlay, D. M., Wang, Y., Otto, S., TAYLOR, D. J., Humphries, J., Lee, Y., Labrinidis, A., et al. (2016) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-016-0953-x · Cited by 72
Self-citationCiani, C., Doty, S. B., & Fritton, S. P. (2009) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2009.01.376 · Cited by 71
Gene Expression Analyses of Subchondral Bone in Early Experimental Osteoarthritis by Microarray
Zhang, R., Fang, H., Chen, Y., Shen, J., Lu, H., Zeng, C., Ren, J., Zeng, H., Li, Z., Chen, S., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032356 · Cited by 69
Elevated Dickkopf-2 levels contribute to the abnormal phenotype of human osteoarthritic osteoblasts
Chan, T. F., Couchourel, D., Abed, É., Delalandre, A., Duval, N., & Lajeunesse, D. (2011) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.358 · Cited by 67
Priam, S., Bougault, C., Houard, X., Gosset, M., Salvat, C., Berenbaum, F., & Jacques, C. (2013) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.37951 · Cited by 66
The expression of RANKL and OPG in the various grades of osteoarthritic cartilage
Upton, A. R., Holding, C. A., Dharmapatni, A. A. S. S. K., & Haynes, D. R. (2011) · Rheumatology International · doi:10.1007/s00296-010-1733-6 · Cited by 61
Chondrocyte survival in articular cartilage
Amin, A. K., Huntley, J. S., Simpson, H., & Hall, A. C. (2009) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.91b5.21544 · Cited by 60
Offel, J. F. V., Schuerwegh, A. J., Bridts, C. H., Stevens, W. J., & Clerck, L. S. D. (2002) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.61.10.925 · Cited by 58
Kim, H. K. W., Bian, H., Aya-ay, J., Garces, A. H., Morgan, E. F., & Gilbert, S. R. (2009) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2009.03.665 · Cited by 56
Iijima, H., Aoyama, T., Tajino, J., Ito, A., Nagai, M., Yamaguchi, S., Zhang, X., Kiyan, W., & Kuroki, H. (2015) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.09.001 · Cited by 51
Kuliwaba, J. S., Findlay, D. M., Atkins, G. J., Forwood, M. R., & Fazzalari, N. L. (2000) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.2.332 · Cited by 51
Self-citationMechanical Loading of Articular Cartilage Reduces IL-1-Induced Enzyme Expression
Torzilli, P. A., Bhargava, M., & Chen, C. T. (2011) · Cartilage · doi:10.1177/1947603511407484 · Cited by 51
Wang, B., Zhou, X., Price, C., Li, W., Pan, J. P., & Wang, L. (2012) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.1804 · Cited by 50
Zhang, L., Hu, H., Tian, F., Song, H., & Zhang, Y. (2011) · Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10238-011-0131-z · Cited by 48
Regeneration of articular cartilage in healer and non-healer mice
Rai, M. F., & Sandell, L. J. (2014) · Matrix Biology · doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2014.08.011 · Cited by 47
Xu, L., Golshirazian, I., Asbury, B. J., & Li, Y. (2014) · PubMed · doi:10.14670/hh-29.10.609 · Cited by 46
Investigation of the direct effects of salmon calcitonin on human osteoarthritic chondrocytes
Sondergaard, B.-C., Madsen, S. H., Segovia‐Silvestre, T., Paulsen, S. J., Christiansen, T. G., Pedersen, C., Bay‐Jensen, A., & Karsdal, M. A. (2010) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-11-62 · Cited by 44
Ko, F. C., Dragomir, C. L., Plumb, D. A., Hsia, A. W., Adebayo, O. O., Goldring, S. R., Wright, T. M., Goldring, M. B., & van der Meulen, M. C. H. (2016) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.23204 · Cited by 41
Reduced tissue hardness of trabecular bone is associated with severe osteoarthritis
Dall’Ara, E., Öhman‐Mägi, C., Baleani, M., & Viceconti, M. (2011) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.12.022 · Cited by 40
Valverde-Franco, G., Pelletier, J., Fahmi, H., Hum, D., Matsuo, K., Lussier, B., Kapoor, M., & Martel‐Pelletier, J. (2012) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.34638 · Cited by 35
Kumarasinghe, D. D., Sullivan, T., Kuliwaba, J. S., Fazzalari, N. L., & Atkins, G. J. (2012) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2012.07.005 · Cited by 35
Self-citationInfluence of osteoarthritis grade on molecular signature of human cartilage
Zhou, S., Thornhill, T. S., Meng, F., Xie, L., Wright, J., & Glowacki, J. (2015) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.23043 · Cited by 34
Sánchez-Sabaté, E., Alvarez, L., Gil-Garay, E., Munuera, L., & Vilaboa, N. E. (2009) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2009.01.010 · Cited by 31
Rai, M. F., Sandell, L. J., Zhang, B., Wright, R. W., & Brophy, R. H. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155373 · Cited by 23
Hopwood, B., Gronthos, S., Kuliwaba, J. S., Robey, P. G., Findlay, D. M., & Fazzalari, N. L. (2005) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2005.02.003 · Cited by 22
Self-citationChondroprotective effect of alendronate in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis
Shirai, T., Kobayashi, M., Nishitani, K., Satake, T., Kuroki, H., Nakagawa, Y., Tanaka, C., & Nakamura, T. (2012) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2012.02.037 · Cited by 22
Kumarasinghe, D. D., Hopwood, B., Kuliwaba, J. S., Atkins, G. J., & Fazzalari, N. L. (2011) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/ker291 · Cited by 21
Self-citationTsai, P.-H., Lee, H.-S., Siow, T. Y., Wang, C., Chang, Y., Lin, M.-H., Hsu, Y.-C., Lee, C.-H., Chung, H., & Huang, G. (2015) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.07.015 · Cited by 19
Wluka, A. E., Teichtahl, A. J., Maulana, R., Liu, B. M., Wang, Y., Giles, G. G., O’Sullivan, R., Findlay, D. M., & Cicuttini, F. (2015) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0780-5 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
Cited by
Molecular mechanosensors in osteocytes
Qin, L., Liu, W., Cao, H., & Xiao, G. (2020) · Bone Research · doi:10.1038/s41413-020-0099-y · Cited by 484
Zhou, F., Mei, J., Han, X., Li, H., Yang, S., Wang, M., Chu, L., Qiao, H., & Tang, T. (2019) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2019.01.015 · Cited by 400
Metadata
- Authors
- Findlay, D. M., & Kuliwaba, J. S.
- Venue
- Bone Research
- Published
- 2016-09-20
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16028-16028
- ISSN
- 2095-4700 (ISSN-L)
- 2095-6231
- OpenAlex
- W2522849079
- Cited by
- 283
- References
- 87
- FWCI
- 19.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.