Cited by 370Iron Metabolism and DisordersHemoglobin structure and functionMetalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins

Deficiency of glutaredoxin 5 reveals Fe-S clusters are required for vertebrate haem synthesis.

The Tübingen 2000 Screen Consortium, Wingert, Rebecca A., Galloway, Jenna L., Barut, Bruce, Foott, Helen, Fraenkel, Paula, Axe, Jennifer L., Weber, Gerhard J. +11 more·2005·Nature

Abstract

Iron is required to produce haem and iron-sulphur (Fe-S) clusters, processes thought to occur independently. Here we show that the hypochromic anaemia in shiraz (sir) zebrafish mutants is caused by deficiency of glutaredoxin 5 (grx5), a gene required in yeast for Fe-S cluster assembly. We found that grx5 was expressed in erythroid cells of zebrafish and mice. Zebrafish grx5 rescued the assembly of grx5 yeast Fe-S, showing that the biochemical function of grx5 is evolutionarily conserved. In contrast to yeast, vertebrates use iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) to sense intracellular iron and regulate mRNA stability or the translation of iron metabolism genes. We found that loss of Fe-S cluster assembly in sir animals activated IRP1 and blocked haem biosynthesis catalysed by aminolaevulinate synthase 2 (ALAS2). Overexpression of ALAS2 RNA without the 5' iron response element that binds IRP1 rescued sir embryos, whereas overexpression of ALAS2 including the iron response element did not. Further, antisense knockdown of IRP1 restored sir embryo haemoglobin synthesis. These findings uncover a connection between haem biosynthesis and Fe-S clusters, indicating that haemoglobin production in the differentiating red cell is regulated through Fe-S cluster assembly.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nature03887

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The clinical phenotype of a unique patient carrying a GLRX5 mutation differs somewhat from an earlier animal model with a deletion of that gene, the shiraz zebrafish.

    “Perhaps less surprising, the clinical phenotype of a unique patient carrying a GLRX5 mutation also differs somewhat from an earlier animal model with a deletion of that gene, the shiraz zebrafish.177”

    From Forging a field: the golden age of iron biology. (2008) · cites this paper as [177]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
The Tübingen 2000 Screen Consortium, Wingert, R. A., Galloway, J. L., Barut, B., Foott, H., Fraenkel, P., Axe, J. L., Weber, G. J., Dooley, K., Davidson, A. J., Schmidt, B., Paw, B. H., Shaw, G. C., Kingsley, P., Palis, J., Schubert, H., Chen, O., Kaplan, J., & Zon, L. I.
Affiliations
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • University of Rochester Medicine (US)
  • University of Utah (US)
Corresponding author
Zon, Leonard I.
Venue
Nature
Published
2005-08-18
Volume
436
Issue
7053
Pages
1035-1039
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W1992193197
Cited by
370
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 21
FWCI
16.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2005-10-06)
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • Albert J. Ryan Foundation
  • Harvard University
  • National Institutes of Health
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins
Keywords
heme biosynthesis, iron regulatory protein 1, erythroid cells, hypochromic anemia, iron-responsive element, hemoglobin synthesis, iron metabolism regulation
MeSH terms
Amino Acid Sequence, 5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase, Animals, Cloning, Molecular, Erythrocytes, Gene Expression Regulation, Heme, Homeostasis, Iron, Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Oxidoreductases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zebrafish, Response Elements, Iron Regulatory Protein 1, Mice, Glutaredoxins

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review