The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 8 of the 42 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification
Open accessAbstract
The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO2 where it is estimated to have caused a 30% increase in the concentration of H+ in ocean surface waters since the early 1900s and may lead to a drop in seawater pH of up to 0.5 units by 2100 (refs 2, 3). Our understanding of how increased ocean acidity may affect marine ecosystems is at present very limited as almost all studies have been in vitro, short-term, rapid perturbation experiments on isolated elements of the ecosystem. Here we show the effects of acidification on benthic ecosystems at shallow coastal sites where volcanic CO2 vents lower the pH of the water column. Along gradients of normal pH (8.1–8.2) to lowered pH (mean 7.8–7.9, minimum 7.4–7.5), typical rocky shore communities with abundant calcareous organisms shifted to communities lacking scleractinian corals with significant reductions in sea urchin and coralline algal abundance. To our knowledge, this is the first ecosystem-scale validation of predictions that these important groups of organisms are susceptible to elevated amounts of pCO2. Sea-grass production was highest in an area at mean pH 7.6 (1,827 μatm pCO2) where coralline algal biomass was significantly reduced and gastropod shells were dissolving due to periods of carbonate sub-saturation…
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Claims the paper makes
20 Own result · 11 No full text of the sources · 9 Own interpretation · 4 Partly supported · 4 Sources not found · 4 Not checked yet · 3 Supported · 3 Own method · 2 No basis given · accuracy not yet measured
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“an effect which probably increases their risk of predation 22 .”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [22] Bibby, R. et al. Ocean acidification disrupts induced defences in the intertidal gastropod Littorina littorea . Biol. Lett. 3, 699–701 (2007) source
The Abstract says acidified seawater disrupted induced shell thickening in Littorina littorea, increasing vulnerability to predation. The Results and discussion describes reduced shell thickening under low pH as a potential survival concern; the claim’s “probably” appropriately reflects that predation risk was inferred rather than measured. (LLM, conf=0.91)
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Organisms with aragonite skeletons were common outside the vents (for example, Halimeda algae and the corals Caryophyllia, Cladocora and Balanophyllia) but were absent at mean V arag # 2.5 (minimum V arag 0.8-1.2),providing in situ support for predictions of global coral reef dissolution at these concentrations 8 .”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [8] Hoegh-Guldberg, O. et al. Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification. Science 318, 1737–1742 (2007) source
In “Ocean Acidification and Reef Accretion” (page unavailable), the paper says reef carbonate accretion approaches zero or becomes negative at aragonite saturation around 3.3. Its “Trajectories in Response to Climate Change” section predicts that reef erosion will exceed calcification as saturation falls, supporting the cited prediction at ≤2.5. The vent observations are the citing paper’s own evidence, not a finding attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.85)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We found that Corallinaceae cover was significantly reduced at lowered pH (Table 1 and Supplementary Tables 234).”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sea-grass production was highest in an area at mean pH 7.6 (1,827 matm p CO 2 ) where coralline algal biomass was significantly reduced and gastropod shells were dissolving due to periods of”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Juveniles of Osilinus turbinata and Patella caerulea gastropods were absent in areas with pH minima #7.4,where all adult gastropod shells (including Hexaplex trunculus and Cerithium vulgatum) were weakened by the acidified sea water (Figs 2 and 4, Table 1 and Supplementary Video), an effect which probably increases their risk of predation 22 .”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The species populating the vent sites comprise a suite of organisms that are resilient to naturally high concentrations of p CO 2 and indicate that ocean acidification may benefit highly invasive non-native algal species.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Juveniles of Osilinus turbinata and Patella caerulea gastropods were absent in areas with pH minima #7.4,where all adult gastropod shells (including Hexaplex trunculus and Cerithium vulgatum) were weakened by the acidified sea water (Figs 2 and 4, Table 1 and Supplementary Video), an effect which probably increases their risk of predation 22 .”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Rocky-shore stations with a mean pH of 7.8-7.9(mean p CO 2 804-957 matm) showed a 30% reduction in species numbers (notably calcifiers) compared with the normal pH stations (Supplementary Tables 3 and 4).”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A suite of algal genera proved to be resilient to naturally high amounts of p CO 2 (for example, Caulerpa, Cladophora, Asparagopsis, Dictyota and Sargassum), some of which include invasive alien species that have begun to alter shallow marine ecosystems worldwide 17 .”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The only Cnidaria in waters undersaturated with aragonite were anemones such as Anemonia viridis, which may benefit from increased p CO 2 for photosynthesis of its endosymbiotic dinoflagellates.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 13
- It may state two separate claims as one. 19
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“and may lead to a drop in seawater pH of up to 0.5 units by 2100 (refs 2, 3).”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Summary for Policymakers. In Climate Change 2007: The Physical Sciences Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC (eds Solomon, S. et al.) (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2007)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Supportedcites [3] Caldeira, K. & Wickett, M. E. Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 110 C09S04 doi: 10.1029/2004JC002671 (2005) source
Section 3.1.1 reports that the highest-emission SRES pathway produces a global surface-ocean pH reduction approaching 0.5 units by 2100. The Discussion and Conclusions likewise gives a range of about 0.3–0.5 units by 2100 for the SRES pathways. (LLM, conf=0.94)
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO 2 where it is estimated to have caused a 30% increase in the concentration of Hfoot_0 in ocean surface waters since the early 1900s”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Summary for Policymakers. In Climate Change 2007: The Physical Sciences Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC (eds Solomon, S. et al.) (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2007)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Partly supportedcites [3] Caldeira, K. & Wickett, M. E. Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 110 C09S04 doi: 10.1029/2004JC002671 (2005) sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (§1) says added CO₂ lowers ocean pH, and Table 1 in Discussion and Conclusions (§5) gives a mean surface-ocean pH decrease of 0.09 from preindustrial conditions to 2000. That corresponds to roughly a 23% increase in H⁺ concentration, not the claimed 30%; the table also uses a preindustrial baseline rather than the early 1900s. (LLM, conf=0.86)
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“given that high-latitude pteropods and coral reefs may be unable to make their skeletons by the year 2100 (refs 7, 13).”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [7] Orr, J. C. et al. Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms. Nature 437, 681–686 (2005) sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Biological impacts section (p. 5) reports shell dissolution in live pteropods under conditions projected for 2100 and suggests that some high-latitude pteropods may be unable to maintain their shells. For reef-building corals, the paper reports declining calcification rates (p. 1), not that coral reefs may be unable to make skeletons by 2100. (LLM, conf=0.87)
- Partly supportedcites [13] Davies, A. J., Roberts, J. M. & Hall-Spencer, J. Preserving deep-sea natural heritage: emerging issues in offshore conservation and management. Biol. Conserv. 138, 299–312 (2007) sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Section 2.1 (page unavailable) says organisms with calcium-carbonate skeletons face hindered growth in undersaturated water and projects that about 70% of known cold-water coral locations could become undersaturated by 2099. It does not say that coral reefs generally will be unable to make skeletons, and the searched passages do not address high-latitude pteropods. (LLM, conf=0.85)
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Short-term laboratory experiments show that many calcareous organisms may be unable to build their skeletons as oceans acidify over the next 100 years 6,7 .”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [6] Feely, R. A. et al. Impact of anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 system in the oceans. Science 305, 362–366 (2004) source
- Partly supportedcites [7] Orr, J. C. et al. Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms. Nature 437, 681–686 (2005) sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The opening section (p. 1) says experimental evidence suggests corals and some plankton will have difficulty maintaining calcium-carbonate skeletons as ocean chemistry changes this century. Biological impacts (p. 5) reports shell dissolution in a 48-hour pteropod experiment and reduced calcification in other organisms. These passages support a risk to skeleton formation, but they do not show that many kinds of organisms may be unable to build skeletons altogether. (LLM, conf=0.86)
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“This may combine with other stresses, such as global warming, to drive tropical coral reefs towards functional collapse 8 .”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [8] Hoegh-Guldberg, O. et al. Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification. Science 318, 1737–1742 (2007) source
The paper’s opening summary says global warming and ocean acidification will compromise reef growth and drive reefs toward a tipping point for functional collapse. The ‘Thermal Stress, Synergies, and Ecological Feedback Loops’ section also says acidification and bleaching together enhance harmful feedbacks in coral ecosystems. Page numbers are not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.93)
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The pH and saturation states (V) of calcite and aragonite varied with sea state, being lowest on calm days, and showed large decreases as p CO 2 amounts increased from approximately 300 to more than 2,000 matm through the venting gas fields (Fig. 2 and Supplementary Table 2).”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus, Arbacia lixula), which have high magnesium calcite skeletons, were the most common large invertebrates on sublittoral rock outside the vents but their abundance was significantly reduced where pH reached minima of 7.4-7.5 (Table 1 and Fig. 2).”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sea-grass leaves at P 1 (pH 8.2) had 75% cover of calcified epiphytes but only 2% cover at P 4 (mean pH 7.6) with a significant reduction in epiphytic calcium carbonate per leaf (Table 1 and Figs 3 and 4).”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sea-grass production was highest in an area at mean pH 7.6 (1,827 matm p CO 2 ) where coralline algal biomass was significantly reduced and gastropod shells were dissolving due to periods of”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Organisms with aragonite skeletons were common outside the vents (for example, Halimeda algae and the corals Caryophyllia, Cladocora and Balanophyllia) but were absent at mean V arag # 2.5 (minimum V arag 0.8-1.2),providing in situ support for predictions of global coral reef dissolution at these concentrations 8 .”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As coralline algal cover fell from .60% outside the vent area to zero within it, non-calcareous algal cover increased significantly from near zero to .60% (Fig. 2 and Table 1).”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“where shoot density was significantly higher (Table 1 and Fig. 3) and approximately 30% higher than that known anywhere else around Ischia 12 .”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [12] Ambiente. Marino Costiero e Territorio Delle Isole Flegree (eds Gambi, M. C., Lauro, M. & Jannuzzi, F.) (Accademia di Scienze Fische e Matematiche, Italy, 2003)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Other calcitic organisms, such as the barnacle Chthamalus stellatus, for example, may survive pH minima by closing their rostral plates as their abundance was not significantly reduced until extremely low mean pH 6.6 (Table 1 and Fig. 2).”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When heavily epiphytised leaves were transplanted from station P 1 to P 4 they showed complete dissolution of Corallinaceae in 2 weeks, whereas transplants moved within P 1 were unaffected.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Along gradients of normal pH (8.1-8.2) to lowered pH (mean 7.8-7.9,minimum 7.4-7.5),typical rocky shore communities with abundant calcareous organisms shifted to communities lacking scleractinian corals with significant reductions in sea urchin and coralline algal abundance.”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p CO 2 ) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years 1 .”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] Pearson, P. N. & Palmer, M. R. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations over the past 60 million years. Nature 406, 695–699 (2000) source
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Some marine CO 2 vents are at ambient seawater temperature and lack toxic sulphur compounds; such vents can prevail for years to millenia 12 and may be used as natural experiments to advance our understanding of ocean acidification at the ecosystem level.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [12] Ambiente. Marino Costiero e Territorio Delle Isole Flegree (eds Gambi, M. C., Lauro, M. & Jannuzzi, F.) (Accademia di Scienze Fische e Matematiche, Italy, 2003)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Mesocosm experiments have led to predictions that Corallinaceae, which help to protect against coral reef erosion in the tropics, are vulnerable to ocean acidification due to the solubility of their high magnesium calcite skeletons 15,16 .”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [15] Kleypas, J. A. et al. Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Coral Reefs and Other Marine Calcifiers: A Guide for Future Research. Report of a workshop held 18–20 April 2005, St. Petersburg, FL, sponsored by NSF, NOAA, and the US Geological Survey. (2006)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [16] Kuffner, I. B. et al. Decreased abundance of crustose coralline algae due to ocean acidification. Nature Geosci 1, 114–117 (2008) source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The only Cnidaria in waters undersaturated with aragonite were anemones such as Anemonia viridis, which may benefit from increased p CO 2 for photosynthesis of its endosymbiotic dinoflagellates.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Some marine CO 2 vents are at ambient seawater temperature and lack toxic sulphur compounds; such vents can prevail for years to millenia 12 and may be used as natural experiments to advance our understanding of ocean acidification at the ecosystem level.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [12] Ambiente. Marino Costiero e Territorio Delle Isole Flegree (eds Gambi, M. C., Lauro, M. & Jannuzzi, F.) (Accademia di Scienze Fische e Matematiche, Italy, 2003)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“A suite of algal genera proved to be resilient to naturally high amounts of p CO 2 (for example, Caulerpa, Cladophora, Asparagopsis, Dictyota and Sargassum), some of which include invasive alien species that have begun to alter shallow marine ecosystems worldwide 17 .”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [17] Boudouresque, C. F. & Verlaque, M. Biological pollution in the Meditterranean Sea: invasive versus introduced macrophytes. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 44, 32–38 (2002) source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Marine CO 2 vents are abundant in the Mediterranean, especially around Italy and Greece where they typically eject volcanic fluids containing up to 1-2% hydrogen sulphide 10,11 .”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Williams, S. N., Schaefer, S. J., Calvache v, M. L & Lopez, D. Global carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere by volcanoes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 1765–1770 (1992) source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [11] Dando, P. R., Stuben, D. & Varnavas, S. P. Hydrothermalism in the Mediterranean Sea. Prog. Oceanogr. 44, 333–367 (1999) source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Mesocosm experiments have shown that sea-grass production can be enhanced at high p CO 2 (ref.19).”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] Palacios, S. L. & Zimmerman, R. C. Response of eelgrass Zostera marina to CO2 enrichment: possible impacts of climate change and potential for remediation of coastal habitats. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 344, 1–13 (2007) source
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Although scleractinians can survive skeletal dissolution as polyps in the laboratory 14 , reduced calcification due to low V arag may result in increased risk to predation or competition in open ecosystems.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Fine, M. & Tchernov, D. Scleractinian coral species survive and recover from decalcification. Science 315, 1811 (2007) source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Natural CO 2 flux from volcanic vents and high heat flow areas amounts to less than 0.5% of anthropogenic emissions to the global carbon budget, but can alter local ocean chemistry 9,10 .”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] Kerrick, D. M., McKibben, M. A., Seward, T. M. & Caldeira, K. Convective hydrothermal CO2 emission from high heat-flow regions. Chem. Geol. 121, 285–293 (1995) source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Williams, S. N., Schaefer, S. J., Calvache v, M. L & Lopez, D. Global carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere by volcanoes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 1765–1770 (1992) source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although atmospheric diffusion of CO 2 is not predicted to result in aragonite undersaturation in shallow waters of the Mediterranean, observations of such areas are relevant to the localized effects caused by deliberate CO 2 sequestration and to the widespread effects predicted for areas that at present have low V arag , given that high-latitude pteropods and coral reefs may be unable to make”
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The analysed Posidonia oceanica shoots were .10yr old at the subtidal study sites and will have integrated the effects of lowered pH over this time.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Salinity (38%) and total alkalinity (2.5 mequiv.kg 21 ) were homogeneous between survey stations and temperature-matched ambient seasonal fluctuations (13-25 uC).”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“as ocean acidification will probably bring about reductions in biodiversity and radically alter ecosystems.”
§ Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification > NATURE
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This opportunity to observe the tipping points at which principal groups of marine organisms are affected by lowered pH proves that, even without global warming, the projected rise in atmospheric CO 2 concentration is hazardous, as ocean acidification will probably”
§ Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification > NATURE
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Although our results may apply to CO 2 -limited seagrasses in other tropical and temperate environments”
From Experimental impacts of climate warming and ocean carbonation on eelgrass Zostera marina (2017) · cites this paper as Hall-Spencer et al. 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“At natural CO2 vent sites, growth and areal cover of seagrasses were observed to be much greater than at adjacent non-CO2 enriched sites [15, 25].”
From Light Levels Affect Carbon Utilisation in Tropical Seagrass under Ocean Acidification (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Under future scenarios of OA, marine macrophytes like seagrass could benefit, from both increased DIC concentration and a proportional rise in CO2 [15, 25].”
From Light Levels Affect Carbon Utilisation in Tropical Seagrass under Ocean Acidification (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The calcareous skeleton of coralline algae renders them sensitive to acidi fi ed conditions (Hall-Spencer et al. 2008; Jokiel et al. 2008; Kuffner et al. 2008; Martin et al. 2008; Gao & Zheng 2010).”
From Ocean acidification outweighs nutrient effects in structuring seagrass epiphyte communities (2014) · cites this paper as Hall-Spencer et al. 2008
In the citing paper
“In general, seagrasses seem able to thrive under high CO 2 conditions (Palacios and Zimmerman, 2007;Hall-Spencer et al., 2008), although the associated epiphytic algal cover falls as CO 2 levels increase (Martin et al., 2008).”
From Effects of ocean acidification on macroalgal communities (2011) · cites this paper as Hall-Spencer et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The unique occurrence of S. vulgare in the most acidified zone (Buia, unpublished data) might relate to a lack of grazing by sea urchins”
From Effects of ocean acidification on macroalgal communities (2011) · cites this paper as Hall-Spencer et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Volcanic vents show that some invasive macroalgae can tolerate persistent high CO 2 levels and also demonstrate what ecological shifts can be expected in vegetated marine ecosystems(Hall-Spencer et al., 2008).”
From Effects of ocean acidification on macroalgal communities (2011) · cites this paper as Hall-Spencer et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“and completely absent from the Ischia CO 2 vents (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008).”
From Effects of ocean acidification on macroalgal communities (2011) · cites this paper as Hall-Spencer et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Volcanic vents show that some invasive macroalgae can tolerate persistent high CO 2 levels and also demonstrate what ecological shifts can be expected in vegetated marine ecosystems(Hall-Spencer et al., 2008).”
From Effects of ocean acidification on macroalgal communities (2011) · cites this paper as Hall-Spencer et al., 2008
Citations
Cites
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Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification
Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Mumby, P. J., Hooten, A. J., Steneck, R. S., Greenfield, P., Gomez, E., Harvell, C. D., Sale, P. F., Edwards, A. J., Caldeira, K., et al. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1152509 · Cited by 5,885
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,358
Evans, T. G., Padilla‐Gamiño, J. L., Kelly, M. W., Pespeni, M. H., Chan, F., Menge, B. A., Gaylord, B., Hill, T. M., Russell, A. D., Palumbi, S. R., et al. (2015) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.03.007 · Cited by 21
Seagrass ecophysiology meets ecological genomics: are we ready?
Procaccini, G., Beer, S., Björk, M., Olsen, J., Mazzuca, S., & Santos, R. (2012) · Marine Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0485.2012.00518.x · Cited by 21
“In a natural setting near volcanic CO2 vents, it was inferred that photosynthesis in Posidonia oceanica might benefit indirectly from the reduction in calcifying epiphytes that reduced light to the leaves (Hall-Spencer et al. 2008).”
BackgroundRogelja, M., Cibic, T., Pennesi, C., & Vittor, C. D. (2016) · Marine Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.04.009 · Cited by 22
Ecology of Coralline Red Algae and Their Fossil Evidences from India
Sarkar, S. (2016) · Thalassas An International Journal of Marine Sciences · doi:10.1007/s41208-016-0017-7 · Cited by 20
“Their susceptibility is related to the solubility of their Mg-calcite thalli which is the most soluble form of CaCO3 (Milliman 1974; Hall-Spencer et al. 2008; Kuffner et al. 2008; Martin and Gattuso 2009).”
BackgroundMolluscan diversity in shallow water hydrothermal vents off Kueishan Island, Taiwan
Chen, C., Chan, T., & Chan, B. K. K. (2017) · Marine Biodiversity · doi:10.1007/s12526-017-0804-2 · Cited by 21
Triantaphyllou, M., Baumann, K., Karatsolis, B. T., Dimiza, M. D., Psarra, S., Skampa, E., Patoucheas, P., Vollmar, N. M., Κουκουσιούρα, Ό., Katsigera, A., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200012 · Cited by 23
Coral Responses To Anthropogenic Stress In the Twenty-First Century: An Ecophysiological Perspective
Sweet, M. J., & Brown, B. (2016) · Oceanography and Marine Biology/Oceanography and marine biology - an annual review · doi:10.1201/9781315368597-6 · Cited by 25
Martinez, A., Crook, E. D., Barshis, D. J., Potts, D. C., Rebolledo‐Vieyra, M., Hernandez, L., & Paytan, A. (2019) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0572 · Cited by 21
Chan, P. T. W., Halfar, J., Adey, W. H., LEBEDNIK, P. A., Steneck, R. S., Norley, C. J. D., & Holdsworth, D. W. (2019) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g46804.1 · Cited by 23
Jarrold, M. D., Calosi, P., Verberk, W. C. E. P., Rastrick, S. P. S., Atfield, A. J., & Spicer, J. I. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2013.09.013 · Cited by 21
“Indeed, in situ studies along natural pH gradients (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Sugget et al., 2012) have shown that sea anemones, including A.”
BackgroundGaubert, J., Rodolfo‐Metalpa, R., Greff, S., Thomas, O., & Payri, C. E. (2020) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2019.101783 · Cited by 22
Self-citationBlackford, J., & Kita, J. (2013) · Energy Procedia · doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.227 · Cited by 20
Keil, K. E., Klinger, T., Keister, J. E., & McLaskey, A. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.613778 · Cited by 21
“Other taxa have shown similar declines in abundance in response to increasing pCO2 or acidity (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Cigliano et al., 2010; Kroeker et al., 2011).”
BackgroundMoore, B., Comeau, S., Bekaert, M., Cossais, A., Purdy, A., Larcombe, E., Puerzer, F., McCulloch, M. T., & Cornwall, C. E. (2021) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.0130 · Cited by 19
“Previous research has demonstrated reduced calcification and growth in mature 62 coralline algae under ocean acidification [11–13], as well as significant reductions in coralline algae at 63 natural analogues of future ocean acidification [14,15].”
BackgroundFarahmand, S., Hilmi, N., Cinar, M., Safa, A., Lam, V. W. Y., Djoundourian, S. S., Shahin, W. N., Lamine, E. B., Schickele, A., Guidetti, P., et al. (2023) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107889 · Cited by 22
Gul, S., Nasim, F., Iqbal, W., Waseem, A., & Nadeem, M. A. (2024) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d4ra01641f · Cited by 20
Jury, C. P., Bahr, K. D., Cros, A., Dobson, K. L., Freel, E. B., Graham, A. T., McLachlan, R. H., Nelson, C. E., Price, J. T., de Souza, M. R., et al. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2407112121 · Cited by 21
Metallic nanoparticle enrichment at low temperature, shallow CO2 seeps in Southern Italy
Kádár, E., Fisher, A., Stolpe, B., et al. (2012) · Marine Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2012.07.001 · Cited by 20
“The shallow fumaroles within the geothermal field in Southern Italy have recently been in the spotlight (Spencer-Hall et al., 2008) providing natural laboratory conditions to study physiological adaptations to ocean acidification i.”
BackgroundCarey, S., Olsen, R., Bell, K. L. C., et al. (2016) · Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems · doi:10.1002/2015gc006060 · Cited by 20
“Dissolution of CO2 after venting has likely lead to decreases in crater water pH as observed at other shallow water volcanic centers with impacts on marine fauna [Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Tunnicliffe et al., 2009; Carey et al., 2013; Camilli et al., 2015].”
BackgroundMacLeod, C., & Poulin, R. (2015) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps11459 · Cited by 23
“…component of biogenically synthesised CaCO3 in calcifying marine organisms is not fully understood (Weiner & Dove 2003), although it may play an important role in dictating the dissolution kinetics of biomineralised CaCO3 by providing a protective coating (Hall-Spencer et al. 2008, Ries 2011).”
BackgroundFine, M., Tsadok, R., Meron, D., Cohen, S., & Milazzo, M. (2016) · ICES Journal of Marine Science · doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsw167 · Cited by 20
Self-citationLiu, N., Beardall, J., & Gao, K. (2017) · Aquatic Microbial Ecology · doi:10.3354/ame01820 · Cited by 20
Community composition in mangrove ponds with pulsed hypoxic and acidified conditions
Gedan, K. B., Altieri, A. H., Feller, I. C., Burrell, R. B., & Breitburg, D. L. (2017) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.2053 · Cited by 20
Long-term exposure to acidification disrupts reproduction in a marine invertebrate
Pansch, C., Hattich, G. S. I., Heinrichs, M. E., Pansch, A., Zagrodzka, Z. B., & Havenhand, J. N. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192036 · Cited by 21
For a World Without Boundaries: Connectivity Between Marine Tropical Ecosystems in Times of Change
Earp, H. S., Prinz, N., Cziesielski, M. J., & Andskog, M. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93284-2_9 · Cited by 22
“7 units through photosynthesis and respiration (Frankignoulle and Distèche 1984; Invers et al. 1997; Hall-Spencer et al. 2008; Scartazza et al. 2017), and a similar process is also exhibited by macroalgae dominated reef-tops (Russell et al.”
BackgroundOprandi, A., Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., Benelli, F., & Bianchi, C. N. (2018) · Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science · doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2018.11.017 · Cited by 21
Elevated CO2 concentrations promote growth and photosynthesis of the brown alga Saccharina japonica
Zhang, X., Xu, D., Guan, Z., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Wang, W., Zhang, X., Fan, X., Li, F., & Ye, N. (2020) · Journal of Applied Phycology · doi:10.1007/s10811-020-02108-1 · Cited by 20
Baldrighi, E., Zeppilli, D., Appolloni, L., et al. (2020) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.9058 · Cited by 20
“The response of benthic meiofauna to hydrothermal emissions in the Pontine Archipelago, Tyrrhenian Sea (central Mediterranean Basin).”
BackgroundInfluentialMutalipassi, M., Fink, P., Maibam, C., Porzio, L., Buia, M. C., Gambi, M. C., Patti, F. P., Scipione, M. B., Lorenti, M., & Zupo, V. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2020.151435 · Cited by 19
Self-citationOcean Acidification Induces Changes in Virus–Host Relationships in Mediterranean Benthic Ecosystems
Tangherlini, M., Corinaldesi, C., Ape, F., Greco, S., Romeo, T., Andaloro, F., & Danovaro, R. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9040769 · Cited by 20
“, the island of Ischia and the Aeolian Arc) [34,35] offer this opportunity and have been recognized as fundamental sites for this investigation.”
BackgroundCoralline algal Mg-O bond strength as a marine pCO2 proxy
Pauly, M., Kamenos, N. A., Donohue, P., & LeDrew, E. (2015) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g36386.1 · Cited by 19
Characterization model to assess ocean acidification within life cycle assessment
Bach, V., Möller, F., Finogenova, N., Emara, Y., & Finkbeiner, M. (2016) · The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment · doi:10.1007/s11367-016-1121-x · Cited by 20
“Since 1750, around 155 pentagram carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions - the main cause for ocean acidification - have been absorbed by the oceans, resulting in an increase of the prevailing hydrogen ion (H+) concentration by approximately 30 % (Hall-Spencer et al. 2008; Rhein et al. 2013).”
BackgroundClimate change and tropical marine ecosystems: A review with an emphasis on coral reefs
Kleypas, J. A. (2019) · UNED Research Journal · doi:10.22458/urj.v11i1.2317 · Cited by 20
Kurihara, H., Suhara, Y., Mimura, I., & Golbuu, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.581160 · Cited by 21
Sanchez-Arcos, C., Paris, D., Mazzella, V., Mutalipassi, M., Costantini, M., Buia, M. C., von Elert, E., Cutignano, A., & Zupo, V. (2022) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md20120743 · Cited by 19
Self-citationFalkenberg, L. J., Russell, B. D., & Connell, S. D. (2016) · Limnology and Oceanography Methods · doi:10.1002/lom3.10088 · Cited by 22
Cox, T. E., Nash, M., Gazeau, F., Déniel, M., Legrand, E., Alliouane, S., Mahacek, P., Fur, A. L., Gattuso, J., & Martin, S. G. (2017) · Marine Biology · doi:10.1007/s00227-017-3136-7 · Cited by 20
Self-citationChi, S. I., Urbárová, I., & Johansen, S. (2018) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.067 · Cited by 19
Foo, S. A., Byrne, M., & Gambi, M. C. (2018) · Marine Biology · doi:10.1007/s00227-018-3359-2 · Cited by 19
Lin, Y., Lui, H., Lee, J., Chen, C. A., Burr, G. S., Chou, W., & Kuo, F. (2019) · Marine Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2019.02.002 · Cited by 19
Zitoun, R., Connell, S. D., Cornwall, C. E., Currie, K., Fabricius, K., Hoffmann, L. J., Lamare, M. D., Murdoch, J., Noonan, S. H. C., Sander, S. G., et al. (2019) · Marine and Freshwater Research · doi:10.1071/mf19167 · Cited by 19
“The most well-studied shallow submarine CO2 vents in the context of climate change are in the warm temperate Mediterranean Sea (e.g. Hall-Spencer et al. 2008; Kroeker et al. 2011; Lidbury et al. 2012; Vizzini et al. 2013; Baggini et al. 2014; Ziveri et al. 2014; Cornwall et al. 2017a; Hawkins et al. 2018), in deep wat…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMartínez‐Crego, B., Vizzini, S., Califano, G., Massa-Gallucci, A., Andolina, C., Gambi, M. C., & Santos, R. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61753-1 · Cited by 19
Korbee, N., Navarro, N., García-Sánchez, M., Celis‐Plá, P. S. M., Quintano, E., Copertino, M., Pedersen, A., Mariath, R., Mangaiyarkarasi, N., Pérez‐Ruzafa, Á., et al. (2014) · Aquatic Biology · doi:10.3354/ab00594 · Cited by 20
“…to have higher pigment contents under high CO2, especially fucoxanthin, which is an accessory photosynthetic pigment with strong antioxidant properties (Mori et al. 2004, Fung et al. 2013) and its presence strongly enhanced cell viability against H2O2 induced oxi dative damage (Heo et al. 2008).”
BackgroundTwo temperate corals are tolerant to low pH regardless of previous exposure to natural CO2 vents
Carbonne, C., Teixidó, N., Moore, B., Mirasole, A., Guttierez, T., Gattuso, J., & Comeau, S. (2021) · Limnology and Oceanography · doi:10.1002/lno.11942 · Cited by 21
Mutalipassi, M., Mazzella, V., Schott, M., Fink, P., Glaviano, F., Porzio, L., Lorenti, M., Buia, M. C., von Elert, E., & Zupo, V. (2022) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.809702 · Cited by 18
Self-citationThe direct influence of climate change on marginal populations: a review
Kolzenburg, R. (2022) · Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00027-022-00856-5 · Cited by 18
CO2 Capture, Storage, and Environmental Sustainability: Plan, Policy, and Challenges
Raj, A., Jhariya, M. K., Banerjee, A., Meena, R. S., Bargali, S. S., & Kittur, B. H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-6179-3_7 · Cited by 18
Emerging activated tungsten dust: Source, environmental behaviors, and health effects
Wang, Y., Nie, B., Zheng, S., et al. (2024) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.108774 · Cited by 18
Gil-Díaz, T., Haroun, R. J., Tuya, F., Betancor, S., & Viera-Rodríguez, M. A. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108630 · Cited by 21
“To summarize, this body of research generally points out that OA will cause ecosystem alterations, impacting calcareous but favouring fleshy organisms [6,16], with the subsequent loss of habitat complexity in the case of calcareous engineering species [9].”
BackgroundStark, J. S., Roden, N. P., Johnstone, G. J., Milnes, M., Black, J., Whiteside, S., Kirkwood, W. J., Newbery, K. B., Stark, S., van Ooijen, E., et al. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21029-1 · Cited by 18
Coralline algal skeletal mineralogy affects grazer impacts
McCoy, S. J., & Kamenos, N. A. (2018) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14370 · Cited by 18
Review: The projected hydrologic cycle under the scenario of 936 ppm CO2 in 2100
Hu, B., Teng, Y., Zhang, Y., & Zhu, C. (2018) · Hydrogeology Journal · doi:10.1007/s10040-018-1844-9 · Cited by 19
“…will have a significant effect on seawater pH (Allen and Ingram 2002; Bala et al. 2008; Barnett et al. 2005; Collins et al. 2010; Fu et al. 2008; Hall-Spencer et al. 2008), increase the exceedance frequency of ecosystem tolerance thresholds, and potentially lead to chronic degradation of water…”
BackgroundFraile‐Nuez, E., Santana‐Casiano, J. M., González‐Dávila, M., et al. (2018) · Geosciences · doi:10.3390/geosciences8120457 · Cited by 18
Wisshak, M., Neumann, H., Rüggeberg, A., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00667 · Cited by 18
“A decrease in coralline algae abundance could lead to an ecosystem dominated by non-calcifying species (Kuffner et al., 2007; Hall-Spencer et al., 2008), associated with a loss in microhabitat complexity and a decline in associated biodiversity.”
BackgroundGuerrero‐Meseguer, L., Cox, T. E., Sanz‐Lázaro, C., Schmid, S., Enzor, L. A., Major, K., Gazeau, F., & Cebrián, J. (2020) · Estuaries and Coasts · doi:10.1007/s12237-020-00720-5 · Cited by 18
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Cunha, L. F. N., Campos, I., Montiel, R., Rodrigues, A., & Morgan, A. J. (2010) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.08.004 · Cited by 18
“The high fertility of volcanic soils often attracts high-density human habitation, thus creating important risk scenarios in such regions (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Ribeiro et al., 2008; Viveiros et al., 2008; Viveiros et al., 2009).”
BackgroundBenthic infaunal community structuring in an acidified tropical estuarine system
Hossain, M. B., & Marshall, D. J. (2014) · Aquatic Biosystems · doi:10.1186/2046-9063-10-11 · Cited by 18
“in S3) essentially differs from the predicted trend [15,43].”
BackgroundInterannual stability of organic to inorganic carbon production on a coral atoll
Kwiatkowski, L., Albright, R., Hosfelt, J. D., Nebuchina, Y., Ninokawa, A. T., Rivlin, T., Sesboüé, M., Wolfe, K., & Caldeira, K. (2016) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/2016gl068723 · Cited by 19
León, P., Bednaršek, N., Walsham, P., Cook, K. B., Hartman, S. E., Wall-Palmer, D., Hindson, J., Mackenzie, K. S., Webster, L., & Bresnan, E. (2019) · ICES Journal of Marine Science · doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsz178 · Cited by 19
“Reduced shell weights and increased dissolution have also been reported in adult specimens of several benthic gastropod species under OA conditions in the field (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Marshall et al., 2008; Duquette et al., 2017).”
BackgroundWorld Food Security: The Challenges of Climate Change and Bioenergy
Ramasamy, S. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9516-9_13 · Cited by 16
Impact of ocean acidification on the carbonate sediment budget of a temperate mixed beach
Simeone, S., Molinaroli, E., Conforti, A., & Falco, G. D. (2018) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-018-2282-3 · Cited by 17
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Submarine Shallow-Water Fluid Emissions and Their Geomicrobiological Imprint: A Global Overview
Caramanna, G., Sievert, S. M., & Bühring, S. I. (2021) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.727199 · Cited by 17
Ocean acidification impairs seagrass performance under thermal stress in shallow and deep water
Ravaglioli, C., Marchi, L. D., Anselmi, S., Dattolo, E., Fontanini, D., Pretti, C., Procaccini, G., Rilov, G., Renzi, M., Silverman, J., et al. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117629 · Cited by 17
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Impact of ocean acidification and warming on the productivity of a rock pool community
Legrand, E., Riera, P., Bohner, O., Coudret, J., Schlicklin, F., Derrien, M., & Martin, S. G. (2018) · Marine Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.02.010 · Cited by 17
Self-citationRose, J. M., Blanchette, C. A., Chan, F., Gouhier, T. C., RAIMONDI, P. T., Sanford, E., & Menge, B. A. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234075 · Cited by 18
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“5), mimicking the records predicted for the end of the century [11].”
BackgroundCurrent knowledge and potential impacts of climate change on New Zealand’s biological heritage
Keegan, L., White, R. S. A., & Macinnis‐Ng, C. (2021) · New Zealand Journal of Ecology · doi:10.20417/nzjecol.46.10 · Cited by 17
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“[12] studied cold vent areas off Ischia in Italy where seawater was almost acidified by CO2.”
BackgroundBorell, E. M., Steinke, M., Horwitz, R., & Fine, M. (2014) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.946 · Cited by 18
Self-citationJuvenile Pen Shells (Pinna nobilis) Tolerate Acidification but Are Vulnerable to Warming
Basso, L., Hendriks, I. E., & Duarte, C. M. (2015) · Estuaries and Coasts · doi:10.1007/s12237-015-9948-0 · Cited by 18
“By 2100, seawater acidification and higher seawater temperatures may be a threat to Mediterranean marine biodiversity (Hall-Spencer et al. 2008).”
BackgroundLombardi, C., Cocito, S., Gambi, M. C., et al. (2015) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.140413 · Cited by 17
Nogueira, P., Gambi, M. C., Vizzini, S., Califano, G., Tavares, A. M., Santos, R., & Martínez‐Crego, B. (2017) · Marine Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.04.002 · Cited by 18
“A more intense venting activity has been reported in the south than in the north side of the islet (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008).”
BackgroundArnold, T. M., Zimmerman, R. C., Engelhardt, K. A. M., & Stevenson, J. C. (2017) · Ecosystem Health and Sustainability · doi:10.1080/20964129.2017.1353283 · Cited by 17
“For this reason, seagrasses have been called “ winners ” in a high CO 2 /low pH world (Fabricius et al. 2011; also see Palacios and Zimmerman 2007; Hall-Spencer et al. 2008; Zimmerman et al. 2015).”
Risk assessment of excessive CO2 emission on diatom heavy metal consumption
Liu, F., Li, S., Zheng, F., & Huang, X. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.196 · Cited by 16
Economic effects of ocean acidification: Publication patterns and directions for future research
Falkenberg, L. J., & Tubb, A. (2017) · AMBIO · doi:10.1007/s13280-017-0895-9 · Cited by 17
Lin, Y., Lee, J., Lin, L., Fu, K., Chen, C. A., Wang, Y.-H., & Lee, I. (2020) · Marine Geology · doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2020.106121 · Cited by 16
Testing algal-based pCO2 proxies at a modern CO2 seep (Vulcano, Italy)
Witkowski, C., van der Meer, M. T. J., Smit, N. T., Damsté, J. S. S., & Schouten, S. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67483-8 · Cited by 16
Climate Change Effects on Marine Ecological Communities
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“The potential ecosystem-scale effects of change in CO2 and pH levels was recently demonstrated in Italy at shallow coastal sites near volcanic CO2 vents (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008).”
BackgroundRenzi, M., Romeo, T., Guerranti, C., et al. (2011) · Procedia Earth and Planetary Science · doi:10.1016/j.proeps.2011.11.003 · Cited by 16
Evaluating community impacts of ocean acidification using qualitative network models
Reum, J. C. P., Ferriss, B. E., McDonald, P. S., Farrell, D. M., Harvey, C., Klinger, T., & Levin, P. (2015) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps11417 · Cited by 17
Zheng, F., Tu, T.-X., Liu, F., Huang, X., & Li, S. (2016) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.10.024 · Cited by 16
Community-level sensitivity of a calcifying ecosystem to acute in situ CO2 enrichment
Burdett, H. L., Perna, G., McKay, L., Broomhead, G., & Kamenos, N. A. (2017) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps12421 · Cited by 16
Stange, P., Taucher, J., Bach, L. T., Algueró‐Muñiz, M., Horn, H. G., Krebs, L., Boxhammer, T., Nauendorf, A., & Riebesell, U. (2018) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00140 · Cited by 18
“, 2017) and indirect effects through changes in plankton community structure (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Fabricius et al., 2011; Schulz et al., 2013; Paul et al., 2015; Bach et al., 2016; Gazeau et al., 2016) can significantly influence biogeochemical cycles in the ocean.”
BackgroundNeuman, M. J., Wang, S., Busch, S., Friedman, C. S., Gruenthal, K. M., Gustafson, R., Kushner, D. J., Stierhoff, K. L., VanBlaricom, G. R., & Wright, S. K. (2018) · Journal of Shellfish Research · doi:10.2983/035.037.0415 · Cited by 17
“Laboratory and field research have found that many organisms, especially calcifiers, respond negatively to ocean acidifi-cation (Hall-Spencer et al. 2008, Kroeker et al. 2010, Busch & McElhany 2016).”
Agostini, S., Houlbrèque, F., Biscéré, T., Harvey, B. P., Heitzman, J. M., Takimoto, R., Yamazaki, W., Milazzo, M., & Rodolfo‐Metalpa, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.600836 · Cited by 18
Self-citationGonzález-Delgado, S., González-Santana, D., Santana‐Casiano, J. M., González‐Dávila, M., Hernández, C. A., Sangil, C., & Hernández, J. C. (2021) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-18-1673-2021 · Cited by 16
“…of bubbling, since the volcanic degasification takes place in the https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1673-2021 Biogeosciences, 18, 1673–1687, 2021 aquifers and not directly on the coast as in other acidified systems of volcanic origin (e.g. Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Fabricius et al., 2011) (Fig.”
BackgroundInfluentialForecasting ocean acidification impacts on kelp forest ecosystems
Schlenger, A. J., Beas‐Luna, R., & Ambrose, R. F. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236218 · Cited by 17
“(2008) [71] studied the same ecosystem, but also highlighted changes in the benthic and macrofauna communities.”
BackgroundUthicke, S., Patel, F., Petrik, C. G., Watson, S., Karelitz, S. E., & Lamare, M. D. (2021) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.15657 · Cited by 20
Decreased Diversity and Abundance of Marine Invertebrates at CO2 Seeps in Warm-Temperate Japan
Hall-Spencer, J. M., Belfiore, G., Tomatsuri, M., Porzio, L., Harvey, B. P., Agostini, S., & Kon, K. (2022) · ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE · doi:10.2108/zs210061 · Cited by 18
“Research into shallow-water seeps increased once it was realised that these systems can have gradients in sea-water p CO 2 that provide natural analogues for the future effects of ocean acidification (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008).”
Self-citationSchubert, N., Álvarez‐Filip, L., & Hofmann, L. C. (2022) · Climate Change Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.ecochg.2022.100059 · Cited by 17
“at tropical low-pH vents [16], while they were absent at temperate vents [54].”
BackgroundEnvironment: Earth's acid test
Schiermeier, Q. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/471154a · Cited by 16
Bianchi, C. N., Dando, P. R., & Morri, C. (2011) · Advances in Oceanography and Limnology · doi:10.4081/aiol.2011.5314 · Cited by 16
“These results contrast with those obtained at cold CO2 vents at Ischia, Italy, where sea water acidification has been shown to hamper the calcification of many organisms [116].”
BackgroundResultGiangrande, A., Gambi, M. C., Micheli, F., et al. (2014) · Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom · doi:10.1017/s0025315414000678 · Cited by 16
Connection between Ocean Acidification and Sound Propagation
Gazioğlu, C., Müftüoğlu, A. E., Demir, V., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics · doi:10.30897/ijegeo.303538 · Cited by 16
Santos, C. D. L., Godbold, J. A., & Solan, M. (2017) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps12153 · Cited by 17
Ecophysiological response of Jania rubens (Corallinaceae) to ocean acidification
Porzio, L., Buia, M. C., Lorenti, M., Vitale, E., Amitrano, C., & Arena, C. (2018) · RENDICONTI LINCEI · doi:10.1007/s12210-018-0719-2 · Cited by 16
“The CO2 vent system in Ischia (Gulf of Naples, Italy) represented a natural laboratory where the pH gradient and the carbon chemistry have been well characterized (Hall-Spencer et al. 2008; Frieder 2013; Garrard et al. 2014).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Hall-Spencer, J. M., Rodolfo-Metalpa, R., Martin, S., Ransome, E., Fine, M., Turner, S. M., Rowley, S. J., Tedesco, D., & Buia, M.-C.
- Affiliations
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- University of East Anglia (GB)
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Hall-Spencer, Jason M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2008-06-08
- Volume
- 454
- Issue
- 7200
- Pages
- 96-99
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2122938469
- Cited by
- 1,359
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 90 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 100 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 108 · 2013: 98 · 2012: 110
- FWCI
- 45.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PEARL (University of Plymouth) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Leverhulme Trust
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Keywords
- ocean acidification, volcanic CO2 vents, rocky shore communities, benthic ecosystems, pH gradient, scleractinian corals, sea urchins, coralline algae, seagrass, climate change impacts on marine ecosystems, sea surface temperature
- MeSH terms
- Acids, Animals, Atlantic Ocean, Calcium Carbonate, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Invertebrates, Italy, Population Density, Seawater, Ecosystem, Volcanic Eruptions, Alismatales, Eukaryota
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