Quantum simulation of antiferromagnetic spin chains in an optical lattice
Open accessAbstract
Understanding exotic forms of magnetism in quantum mechanical systems is a central goal of modern condensed matter physics, with implications for systems ranging from high-temperature superconductors to spintronic devices. Simulating magnetic materials in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition is computationally intractable on classical computers, owing to the extreme complexity arising from quantum entanglement between the constituent magnetic spins. Here we use a degenerate Bose gas of rubidium atoms confined in an optical lattice to simulate a chain of interacting quantum Ising spins as they undergo a phase transition. Strong spin interactions are achieved through a site-occupation to pseudo-spin mapping. As we vary a magnetic field, quantum fluctuations drive a phase transition from a paramagnetic phase into an antiferromagnetic phase. In the paramagnetic phase, the interaction between the spins is overwhelmed by the applied field, which aligns the spins. In the antiferromagnetic phase, the interaction dominates and produces staggered magnetic ordering. Magnetic domain formation is observed through both in situ site-resolved imaging and noise correlation measurements. By demonstrating a route to quantum magnetism in an optical lattice, this work should facilitate further investigations of magnetic models using ultracold atoms, thereby improving our understanding of real magnetic materials.
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The most advanced experiments with AQSs have been with ultracold atoms in optical lattices.
“The most advanced experiments with AQSs have been with ultracold atoms in optical lattices [3, 5-15, 19, 71].”
From Can one trust quantum simulators? (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Simon, J., Bakr, W. S., Ma, R., Tai, M. E., Preiss, P. M., & Greiner, M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Greiner, Markus
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 472
- Issue
- 7343
- Pages
- 307-312
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2136112092
- Cited by
- 898
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 85 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 93 · 2013: 94 · 2012: 75
- FWCI
- 51.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum many-body systems
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Condensed Matter Physics › Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
- Keywords
- quantum simulation, antiferromagnetic chains, optical lattices, quantum phase transitions, quantum Ising model, degenerate Bose gas, rubidium atoms, ultracold atoms, magnetic domain formation, quantum magnetism, quantum fluctuations
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