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Dietary-fat-induced taurocholic acid promotes pathobiont expansion and colitis in Il10-/- mice
Open accessAbstract
The composite human microbiome of Western populations has probably changed over the past century, brought on by new environmental triggers that often have a negative impact on human health. Here we show that consumption of a diet high in saturated (milk-derived) fat, but not polyunsaturated (safflower oil) fat, changes the conditions for microbial assemblage and promotes the expansion of a low-abundance, sulphite-reducing pathobiont, Bilophila wadsworthia. This was associated with a pro-inflammatory T helper type 1 (T(H)1) immune response and increased incidence of colitis in genetically susceptible Il10(−/−), but not wild-type mice. These effects are mediated by milk-derived-fat-promoted taurine conjugation of hepatic bile acids, which increases the availability of organic sulphur used by sulphite-reducing microorganisms like B. wadsworthia. When mice were fed a low-fat diet supplemented with taurocholic acid, but not with glycocholic acid, for example, a bloom of B. wadsworthia and development of colitis were observed in Il10(−/−) mice. Together these data show that dietary fats, by promoting changes in host bile acid composition, can markedly alter conditions for gut microbial assemblage, resulting in dysbiosis that can perturb immune homeostasis. The data provide a plausible mechanistic basis by which Western-type diets high in certain saturated fats might increase the prevalence of complex immune-mediated diseases like inflammatory bowel disease in genetically susceptible hosts.
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In the citing paper
“Bacteria with BSH activity have benefited from enhanced tolerance against bile and better survival in the gut environment (Begley et al., 2006;Devkota et al., 2012).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Devkota et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“In Il10−/− mice and mice without disruption of this gene, a diet high in saturated (milk-derived) fat (MF) promoted expansion of the immunogenic sulfite-reducing pathobiont Bilophila wadsworthia, a member of the Deltaproteobacteria.174”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [174]
In the citing paper
“Bilophila wadsworthia, a sulphite-reducing bacteria, has been associated with an increased incidence of colitis [52], and emerges under pathological conditions such as appendicitis and other intestinal inflammatory disorders [52].”
From Intestinal Microbiota Is Influenced by Gender and Body Mass Index (2016) · cites this paper as [52]
In the citing paper
“Consumption of milk fat has been shown to alter bile acid composition, promoting expansion of the sulphite-reducing pathobiont Bilophila wadsworthia and exacerbating colitis in IL10 knockout mice69.”
From Diet and the Intestinal Microbiome: Associations, Functions, and Implications for Health and Disease (2014) · cites this paper as [69]
In the citing paper
“B. wadsworthia increases gut inflammation in mice that lack in the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10.”
From Diet–microbiota interactions as moderators of human metabolism (2016) · cites this paper as [111]
In the citing paper
“Levels of the bacterium Bilophila wadsworthia increase when mice are fed a diet rich in milk fat or supplemented with the bile acid taurocholic acid111.”
From Diet–microbiota interactions as moderators of human metabolism (2016) · cites this paper as [111]
In the citing paper
“This is in line with the suggestion that SRB are linked to an inflammatory state of the gut 41, 42.”
From The composition of the gut microbiota shapes the colon mucus barrier (2015) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“This pathobiont promotes Th1 type immune responses and increases susceptibility to colitis in IL10–/– mice.137”
From Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease (2020) · cites this paper as [137]
In the citing paper
“The gut microbiota has been shown to differ between mice fed diets that are high or low in fat and between diets that contain equal amounts of fat but from different sources [10–13] (Fig. 1).”
From Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism (2019) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Milk fat promoted taurine-conjugation of bile acids, which increases the availability of sulfur used by B. wadsworthia.”
From Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism (2019) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“The increased levels of B. wadsworthia were associated with a pro-inflammatory immune response and increased incidence of colitis in genetically susceptible mice.”
From Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism (2019) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Devkota et al showed that a diet with milk fat, but not diets with lard or safflower oil, increased expansion of Bilophila wadsworthia in mice [13].”
From Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism (2019) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“This phyla has been shown to be intimately tied to a pro-inflammatory state.11,60,61”
From Using Corticosteroids to Reshape the Gut Microbiome: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2015) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“For example, high SFA intake has been shown to be associated with reduction in total bacterial abundance in humans (95) and in microbial diversity and richness (95,96), as well as an increase in proinflammatory bacteria (e.g., Bilophila wadsworthia) (96)(97)(98) in mice.”
From Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health (2021) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“animals fed with a diet rich in animal-derived saturated fats demonstrated a significant increase in Proteobacteria (Bilophila wadsworthia) abundance (Devkota et al., 2012).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Devkota et al., 2012
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Metadata
- Authors
- Devkota, S., Wang, Y., Musch, M. W., Leone, V., Fehlner-Peach, H., Nadimpalli, A., Antonopoulos, D. A., Jabri, B., & Chang, E. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Argonne National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chang, Eugene B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2012-06-13
- Volume
- 487
- Issue
- 7405
- Pages
- 104-108
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC3393783
- OpenAlex
- W2151798187
- Cited by
- 1,904
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 106 · 2025: 137 · 2024: 144 · 2023: 140 · 2022: 164 · 2021: 162 · 2020: 139 · 2019: 144 · 2018: 133 · 2017: 144 · 2016: 125 · 2015: 115 · 2014: 118 · 2013: 103 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 46.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK047722, DK-47722, R37DK047722, R01DK097268, T32DK007074, UH3DK083993, DK42086, P30DK042086)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (F31AT006073)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Microscopic Colitis
- Keywords
- taurocholate, milk fat, saturated fatty acids, Bilophila wadsworthia, colitis, IL-10-deficient mice, bile acid conjugation, taurine, gut dysbiosis, inflammatory bowel disease, Th1 response, Western diet, unsaturated fatty acids, safflower oil, gut microbiota
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bile Acids and Salts, Colitis, Dietary Fats, Inflammation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Milk, Molecular Sequence Data, Safflower Oil, Sulfites, Taurine, Taurocholic Acid, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Interleukin-10, Th1 Cells, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Bilophila, Mice, Metagenome
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