In vivo genome editing via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated homology-independent targeted integration
Open accessAbstract
Targeted genome editing via engineered nucleases is an exciting area of biomedical research and holds potential for clinical applications. Despite rapid advances in the field, in vivo targeted transgene integration is still infeasible because current tools are inefficient, especially for non-dividing cells, which compose most adult tissues. This poses a barrier for uncovering fundamental biological principles and developing treatments for a broad range of genetic disorders. Based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology, here we devise a homology-independent targeted integration (HITI) strategy, which allows for robust DNA knock-in in both dividing and non-dividing cells in vitro and, more importantly, in vivo (for example, in neurons of postnatal mammals). As a proof of concept of its therapeutic potential, we demonstrate the efficacy of HITI in improving visual function using a rat model of the retinal degeneration condition retinitis pigmentosa. The HITI method presented here establishes new avenues for basic research and targeted gene therapies.
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Packaging CRISPR gRNA and Cas9 in AAV and delivering it subretinally can specifically disrupt a disease-causing allele in photoreceptors or RPE.
“By packaging the CRISPR gRNA and Cas9 enzyme-encoding transgene within AAV and delivering the gene editing vector into the subretinal space, it is possible to specifically disrupt the disease-causing allele in the photoreceptors or RPE [Suzuki 2016; Yu 2017; McCullough 2019].”
From Correcting visual loss by genetics and prosthetics (2020) · cites this paper as Suzuki 2016
HITI strategy allows for robust DNA knock-in in both dividing and non-dividing cells in vitro and in vivo.
“This approach allows for robust DNA knock-in in both dividing and non-dividing cells in vitro and in vivo [87].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [87]
Non-mitotic cells are very inefficient for HDR-based repair, which is main pathway to correct genetic disorders to date.
“Non-mitotic cells are very inefficient for HDR-based repair, which is the main pathway to correct genetic disorders to date [87, 200].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [87]
HITI keeps its high efficiency in non-mitotic cells, which are present in most adult tissues.
“More importantly, HITI keeps its high efficiency in the non-mitotic cells, which are present in most adult tissues [87].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [87]
HITI strategy exhibits much higher knock-in efficiency than HDR both in vitro and in vivo.
“The recently developed HITI strategy exhibits much higher knock-in efficiency than HDR both in vitro and in vivo [86, 87].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [87]
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- Authors
- Suzuki, K., Tsunekawa, Y., Hernandez-Benitez, R., Wu, J., Zhu, J., Kim, E. J., Hatanaka, F., Yamamoto, M., Araoka, T., Li, Z., Kurita, M., Hishida, T., Li, M., Aizawa, E., Guo, S., Chen, S., Goebl, A., Soligalla, R. D., Qu, J., Jiang, T., Fu, X., Jafari, M., Esteban, C. R., Berggren, W. T., Lajara, J., Nuñez-Delicado, E., Guillen, P., Campistol, J. M., Matsuzaki, F., Liu, G.-H., Magistretti, P., Zhang, K., Callaway, E. M., Zhang, K., & Belmonte, J. C. I.
- Affiliations
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- RIKEN (JP)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (ES)
- Jinan University (CN)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (SA)
- Sichuan University (CN)
- ORCID
- Suzuki, Keiichiro
- Tsunekawa, Yuji
- Wu, Jun
- Zhu, Jie
- Kim, Euiseok J.
- Hatanaka, Fumiyuki
- Araoka, Toshikazu
- Li, Zhe
- Kurita, Masakazu
- Hishida, Tomoaki
- Li, Mo
- Aizawa, Emi
- Guo, Shicheng
- Chen, Song
- Goebl, April
- Qu, Jing
- Fu, Xin
- Jafari, Maryam
- Campistol, Josep M.
- Matsuzaki, Fumio
- Liu, Guang-Hui
- Magistretti, Pierre
- Zhang, Kun
- Callaway, Edward M.
- Zhang, Kang
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2016-11-16
- Volume
- 540
- Issue
- 7631
- Pages
- 144-149
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC5331785
- OpenAlex
- W2550079706
- Cited by
- 1,150
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 104 · 2024: 101 · 2023: 113 · 2022: 117 · 2021: 125 · 2020: 138 · 2019: 137 · 2018: 132 · 2017: 114 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 66.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- The Molecular Biology Society of Japan
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL123755)
- National Eye Institute (P30EY019005, P30EY022589)
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA014195)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R24NS092943, P30NS047101)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
- Keywords
- CRISPR/Cas9, non-homologous end joining, in vivo gene editing, postmitotic cells, neurons, retinitis pigmentosa, retinal degeneration, gene therapy, visual function
- MeSH terms
- Gene Editing, Animals, Cell Division, Disease Models, Animal, Neurons, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Genetic Therapy, Genome, Sequence Homology, Gene Targeting, Rats, Gene Knock-In Techniques, CRISPR-Cas Systems
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