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Innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment
Open accessAbstract
Most tumor cells express antigens that can mediate recognition by host CD8(+) T cells. Cancers that are detected clinically must have evaded antitumor immune responses to grow progressively. Recent work has suggested two broad categories of tumor escape based on cellular and molecular characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. One major subset shows a T cell-inflamed phenotype consisting of infiltrating T cells, a broad chemokine profile and a type I interferon signature indicative of innate immune activation. These tumors appear to resist immune attack through the dominant inhibitory effects of immune system-suppressive pathways. The other major phenotype lacks this T cell-inflamed phenotype and appears to resist immune attack through immune system exclusion or ignorance. These two major phenotypes of tumor microenvironment may require distinct immunotherapeutic interventions for maximal therapeutic effect.
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“Numerous studies have reported that immunosuppressive cells, ranging from Tregs and B cells, are recruited during tumor progression.254,255”
From Drug repurposing for cancer therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [254]
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“CAR-Ms promoted an inflammatory state within the TME and were capable of antigen cross-presentation to tumor-specific CD8+ T cells [135].”
From Advances on immunotherapy for osteosarcoma (2024) · cites this paper as [135]
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“However, even early on, there is also engagement of cells of the acquired system—particularly T cells (Gajewski et al., 2013).”
BackgroundInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Gajewski, T. F., Schreiber, H., & Fu, Y.-X.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gajewski, Thomas F
- Venue
- Nature Immunology
- Published
- 2013-09-18
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1014-1022
- ISSN
- 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2916
- PMC
- PMC4118725
- OpenAlex
- W2042699075
- Cited by
- 4,148
- References
- 149
- Citations by year
- 2026: 187 · 2025: 310 · 2024: 432 · 2023: 486 · 2022: 443 · 2021: 522 · 2020: 372 · 2019: 315 · 2018: 290 · 2017: 290 · 2016: 240 · 2015: 162 · 2014: 82 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 17.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA161005, R01CA127475, R01CA118153)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Keywords
- tumor microenvironment, tumor immune evasion, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, CD8+ T cells, immune exclusion, type I interferon signature, chemokine profile, immune checkpoint blockade, cancer immunotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Dendritic Cells, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Lymphocyte Activation, Neoplasms, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Stromal Cells, Adaptive Immunity, Tumor Microenvironment
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