Immune regulation by glucocorticoids

How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions

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Molecular Mechanisms of Stress-Responsive Changes in Collagen and Elastin Networks in Skin

Aziz, J., Shezali, H., Radzi, Z., Yahya, N. A., Abu Kassim, N. H., Czernuszka, J., & Rahman, M. T. (2016) · Skin Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1159/000447017 · Cited by 7,323 · see citing works

Factors affecting wound healing

Guo, S., & DiPietro, L. A. (2010) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/0022034509359125 · Cited by 5,792 · see citing works

Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation

Kolaczkowska, E., & Kubes, P. (2013) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3399 · Cited by 5,472 · see citing works

Cytokine-mediated regulation of CXCR4 expression in human neutrophils

Nagase, H., Miyamasu, M., Yamaguchi, M., Imanishi, M., Tsuno, N. H., Matsushima, K., Yamamoto, K., Morita, Y., & Hirai, K. (2002) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.71.4.711 · Cited by 4,713 · see citing works

Macrophage activation and polarization

Martinez, F. O. (2008) · Frontiers in Bioscience · doi:10.2741/2692 · Cited by 3,160 · see citing works

Resolution of inflammation: the beginning programs the end

Serhan, C. N., & Savill, J. (2005) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1276 · Cited by 2,552 · see citing works

The Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, and Physiology of Human Steroidogenesis and Its Disorders

Miller, W. L., & Auchus, R. J. (2011) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2010-0013 · Cited by 2,458 · see citing works

The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids, recent developments and mechanistic insights

Coutinho, A. E., & Chapman, K. E. (2011) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2010.04.005 · Cited by 1,815 · see citing works

Inhibition of osteoblastogenesis and promotion of apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes by glucocorticoids. Potential mechanisms of their deleterious effects on bone.

Weinstein, R. S., Jilka, R. L., Parfitt, A. M., & Manolagas, S. C. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci2799 · Cited by 1,753 · see citing works

Role of Transcriptional Activation of IκBα in Mediation of Immunosuppression by Glucocorticoids

Scheinman, R. I., Cogswell, P. C., Lofquist, A. K., & Baldwin, A. S. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.270.5234.283 · Cited by 1,676 · see citing works

Antitumor promotion and antiinflammation: Down-modulation of AP-1 (Fos/Jun) activity by glucocorticoid hormone

Jonat, C., Rahmsdorf, H. J., Park, K.-K., Cato, A. C. B., Gebel, S., Ponta, H., & Herrlich, P. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90395-u · Cited by 1,544 · see citing works

Crystallographic analysis of the interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor with DNA

Luisi, B. F., Xu, W. X., Otwinowski, Z., Freedman, L. P., Yamamoto, K. R., & Sigler, P. B. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/352497a0 · Cited by 1,503 · see citing works

Transcription Factor Interactions: Selectors of Positive or Negative Regulation from a Single DNA Element

Diamond, M. I., Miner, J. N., Yoshinaga, S. K., & Yamamoto, K. R. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2119054 · Cited by 1,274 · see citing works

Circadian control of the immune system

Scheiermann, C., Kunisaki, Y., & Frenette, P. S. (2013) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3386 · Cited by 1,135 · see citing works

Physical association and functional antagonism between the p65 subunit of transcription factor NF-kappa B and the glucocorticoid receptor.

Ray, A., & Prefontaine, K. E. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.2.752 · Cited by 1,064 · see citing works

Chromatin accessibility pre-determines glucocorticoid receptor binding patterns

John, S., Sabo, P. J., Thurman, R. E., Sung, M.-H., Biddie, S. C., Johnson, T. A., Hager, G. L., & Stamatoyannopoulos, J. A. (2011) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.759 · Cited by 954 · see citing works

A mechanism for the antiinflammatory effects of corticosteroids: the glucocorticoid receptor regulates leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and expression of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1.

Cronstein, B. N., Kimmel, S. C., Levin, R. I., Martiniuk, F. T., & Weissmann, G. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.21.9991 · Cited by 725 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Disease

Weinstein, R. S. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmcp1012926 · Cited by 698 · see citing works

Dynamic regulatory network controlling TH17 cell differentiation

Yosef, N., Shalek, A. K., Gaublomme, J. T., Jin, H., Lee, Y., Awasthi, A., Wu, C., Karwacz, K., Xiao, S., Jorgolli, M., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11981 · Cited by 682 · see citing works

Functional interactions between Stat5 and the glucocorticoid receptor

Stöcklin, E., Wissler, M., Gouilleux, F., & Groner, B. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/383726a0 · Cited by 675 · see citing works

Enhancing versus suppressive effects of stress hormones on skin immune function

Dhabhar, F. S., & McEwen, B. S. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.3.1059 · Cited by 672 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids and the Th1/Th2 Balance

Elenkov, I. J. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1321.010 · Cited by 607 · see citing works

Gene profiling reveals unknown enhancing and suppressive actions of glucocorticoids on immune cells

Galon, J., Franchimont, D., Hiroi, N., Frey, G., Boettner, A., Ehrhart-Bornstein, M., O’shea, J. J., Chrousos, G. P., & Bornstein, S. R. (2002) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.01-0245com · Cited by 606 · see citing works

Stress-induced redistribution of immune cells–from barracks to boulevards to battlefields: a tale of three hormones–Curt Richter Award winner

Dhabhar, F. S., Malarkey, W. B., Neri, E., & McEwen, B. S. (2012) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.05.008 · Cited by 589 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of T cell growth factor production. I. The effect on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation.

Gillis, S. A., Crabtree, R. H., & Smith, K. A. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 561 · see citing works

Widespread negative response elements mediate direct repression by agonist-liganded glucocorticoid receptor

Surjit, M., Ganti, K. P., Mukherji, A., Ye, T., Hua, G., Metzger, D., Li, M., & Chambon, P. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.03.027 · Cited by 551 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids upregulate FOXP3 expression and regulatory T cells in asthma

Karagiannidis, C., Akdiş, M., Holopainen, P., Woolley, N., Hense, G., Rückert, B., Mantel, P., Menz, G., Akdiş, C. A., Blaser, K., et al. (2004) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2004.07.014 · Cited by 516 · see citing works

Transcription Factor AP1 Potentiates Chromatin Accessibility and Glucocorticoid Receptor Binding

Biddie, S. C., John, S., Sabo, P. J., Thurman, R. E., Johnson, T. A., Schiltz, R. L., Miranda, T. B., Sung, M.-H., Trump, S., Lightman, S. L., et al. (2011) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.06.016 · Cited by 503 · see citing works

Dynamic regulation of mitochondrial function by glucocorticoids

Du, J., Wang, Y., Hunter, R. G., Wei, Y., Blumenthal, R., Falke, C., Khairova, R. A., Zhou, R., Yuan, P., Machado‐Vieira, R., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0812671106 · Cited by 494 · see citing works

Proinflammatory cytokines regulate human glucocorticoid receptor gene expression and lead to the accumulation of the dominant negative β isoform: A mechanism for the generation of glucocorticoid resistance

Webster, J. C., Oakley, R. H., Jewell, C. M., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.121455098 · Cited by 482 · see citing works

Stress-induced augmentation of immune function—The role of stress hormones, leukocyte trafficking, and cytokines

Dhabhar, F. S. (2002) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/s0889-1591(02)00036-3 · Cited by 464 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid-Induced Inhibition of T Cell Growth Factor Production

Gillis, S. A., Crabtree, G. R., & Smith, K. A. (1979) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.123.4.1624 · Cited by 452 · see citing works

Endogenous lipid- and peptide-derived anti-inflammatory pathways generated with glucocorticoid and aspirin treatment activate the lipoxin A4 receptor

Perretti, M., Chiang, N., La, M., Fierro, I. M., Marullo, S., Getting, S. J., Solito, E., & Serhan, C. N. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm786 · Cited by 449 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis

Weinstein, R. S. (2011) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-011-9580-0 · Cited by 430 · see citing works

Hormone binding globulins undergo serpin conformational change in inflammation

Pemberton, P. A., Stein, P. E., Pepys, M. B., Potter, J. M., & Carrell, R. W. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/336257a0 · Cited by 422 · see citing works

How glucocorticoid receptors modulate the activity of other transcription factors: A scope beyond tethering

Ratman, D., Vanden Berghe, W., Dejager, L., Libert, C., Tavernier, J., Beck, I. M., & De Bosscher, K. (2013) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2012.12.014 · Cited by 411 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids induce differentiation of a specifically activated, anti-inflammatory subtype of human monocytes

Ehrchen, J. M., Steinmüller, L., Barczyk, K., Tenbrock, K., Nacken, W. K. F., Eisenacher, M., Nordhues, U., Sorg, C., Sunderkötter, C. H., & Roth, J. (2006) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2006-02-001115 · Cited by 407 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids in T cell apoptosis and function

Herold, M. J., McPherson, K., & Reichardt, H. M. (2005) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5390-y · Cited by 400 · see citing works

Transcriptional cross-talk, the second mode of steroid hormone receptor action

Göttlicher, M., Heck, S., & Herrlich, P. (1998) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s001090050242 · Cited by 380 · see citing works

TLR recognition of self nucleic acids hampers glucocorticoid activity in lupus

Guiducci, C., Gong, M., Xu, Z., Gill, M. A., Chaussabel, D., Meeker, T., Chan, J. H., Wright, T. B., Punaro, M., Bolland, S. M., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09102 · Cited by 380 · see citing works

Cellular processing of the glucocorticoid receptor gene and protein: New mechanisms for generating tissue-specific actions of glucocorticoids

Oakley, R. H., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.r110.179325 · Cited by 373 · see citing works

Cortisol and epinephrine control opposing circadian rhythms in T cell subsets

Dimitrov, S., Benedict, C., Heutling, D., Westermann, J., Born, J., & Lange, T. (2009) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-11-190769 · Cited by 368 · see citing works

A DNA sequence of 15 base pairs is sufficient to mediate both glucocorticoid and progesterone induction of gene expression.

Strähle, U., Klock, G., & Schütz, G. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.22.7871 · Cited by 355 · see citing works

Cytokine activation of the HPA axis

DUNN, A. J. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05426.x · Cited by 352 · see citing works

The five rs of glucocorticoid action during inflammation: Ready, reinforce, repress, resolve, and restore

Busillo, J. M., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2013) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2012.11.005 · Cited by 339 · see citing works

Rapid glucocorticoid effects on immune cells

Buttgereit, F., & Scheffold, A. (2002) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/s0039-128x(01)00171-4 · Cited by 318 · see citing works

Prior exposure to glucocorticoids sensitizes the neuroinflammatory and peripheral inflammatory responses to E. coli lipopolysaccharide

Frank, M. G., Miguel, Z. D., Watkins, L. R., & Maier, S. F. (2010) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.07.008 · Cited by 303 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid receptor-cAMP response element-binding protein interaction and the response of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene to glucocorticoids.

Imai, E., Miner, J. N., Mitchell, J. A., Yamamoto, K. R., & Granner, D. K. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53327-5 · Cited by 299 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids promote nonphlogistic phagocytosis of apoptotic leukocytes

Liu, Y., Cousin, J. M., Hughes, J., Van Damme, J., Seckl, J. R., Haslett, C., Dransfield, I., Savill, J., & Rossi, A. G. (1999) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.162.6.3639 · Cited by 299 · see citing works

IκBα‐independent downregulation of NF‐κB activity by glucocorticoid receptor

Heck, S., Bender, K., Kullmann, M., Göttlicher, M., Herrlich, P., & Cato, A. C. B. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.15.4698 · Cited by 291 · see citing works

Calreticulin Is a Receptor for Nuclear Export

Holaska, J. M., Black, B. E., Love, D. C., Hanover, J. A., Leszyk, J., & Paschal, B. M. (2001) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.152.1.127 · Cited by 278 · see citing works

HPA Axis‐Rhythms

Spiga, F., Walker, J. J., Terry, J. R., & Lightman, S. L. (2014) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c140003 · Cited by 267 · see citing works

Gene regulation by the glucocorticoid receptor: structure:function relationship

Kumar, R., & Thompson, E. B. (2005) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2004.12.046 · Cited by 261 · see citing works

Macrophages and neutrophils are the targets for immune suppression by glucocorticoids in contact allergy

Tuckermann, J. P., Kleiman, A., Moriggl, R., Spanbroek, R., Neumann, A., Illing, A., Clausen, B. E., Stride, B., Förster, I., Habenicht, A. J. R., et al. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci28034 · Cited by 252 · see citing works

Induction of cytokine receptors by glucocorticoids: functional and pathological significance

Wiegers, G. J., & Reul, J. M. H. M. (1998) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(98)01229-2 · Cited by 251 · see citing works

Macrophage glucocorticoid receptors regulate Toll-like receptor 4-mediated inflammatory responses by selective inhibition of p38 MAP kinase

Bhattacharyya, S., Brown, D. E., Brewer, J. A., Vogt, S. K., & Muglia, L. J. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2006-10-048215 · Cited by 249 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid receptor isoforms generate transcription specificity

Lu, N. Z., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2006) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2006.04.005 · Cited by 247 · see citing works

STAT3 Acts as a Co-activator of Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling

Zhang, Z., Jones, S. A., Hagood, J. S., Fuentes, N. L., & Fuller, G. M. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.49.30607 · Cited by 240 · see citing works

The Etiology of Steroid Cataract

James, E. R. (2007) · Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/jop.2006.0067 · Cited by 236 · see citing works

Adverse Consequences of Glucocorticoid Medication: Psychological, Cognitive, and Behavioral Effects

Judd, L. L., Schettler, P. J., Brown, E. S., Wolkowitz, O. M., Sternberg, E. M., Bender, B. G., Bulloch, K., Cidlowski, J. A., de Kloet, E. R., Fardet, L., et al. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13091264 · Cited by 231 · see citing works

Macrophages and neutrophils are the targets for immune suppression by glucocorticoids in contact allergy

Tuckermann, J. P., Kleiman, A., Moriggl, R., Spanbroek, R., Neumann, A., Illing, A., Clausen, B. E., Stride, B. D., Förster, I., Habenicht, A. J. R., et al. (2007) · HAL · Cited by 224 · see citing works

On the Trail of the Glucocorticoid Receptor: Into the Nucleus and Back

Vandevyver, S., Dejager, L., & Libert, C. (2011) · Traffic · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01288.x · Cited by 222 · see citing works

Selective glucocorticoid receptor modulation: New directions with non-steroidal scaffolds

Sundahl, N., Bridelance, J., Libert, C., Bosscher, K. D., & Beck, I. M. E. (2015) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.05.001 · Cited by 218 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids exert opposing effects on macrophage function dependent on their concentration

Lim, H., Müller, N., Herold, M. J., van den Brandt, J., & Reichardt, H. M. (2007) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2007.02611.x · Cited by 218 · see citing works

The DNA binding-independent function of the glucocorticoid receptor mediates repression of AP-1-dependent genes in skin

Tuckermann, J. P., Reichardt, H. M., Arribas, R., Richter, K. H., Schütz, G., & Angel, P. (1999) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.147.7.1365 · Cited by 196 · see citing works

Peripheral T Cells Are the Therapeutic Targets of Glucocorticoids in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Wüst, S., van den Brandt, J., Tischner, D., Kleiman, A., Tuckermann, J. P., Gold, R., Lühder, F., & Reichardt, H. M. (2008) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.180.12.8434 · Cited by 181 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids Regulate Tristetraprolin Synthesis and Posttranscriptionally Regulate Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inflammatory Signaling

Smoak, K. A., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00679-06 · Cited by 175 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid receptor inhibits transforming growth factor-β signaling by directly targeting the transcriptional activation function of Smad3

Song, C.-Z., Tian, X., & GELEHRTER, T. D. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.21.11776 · Cited by 172 · see citing works

The ups and downs of glucocorticoid physiology Permissive and suppressive effects revisited

Munck, A. U., & Náray‐Fejes‐Tóth, A. (1992) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0303-7207(92)90091-j · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in human eosinophils: Mechanisms of action

Druilhe, A., Letuve, S., & Pretolani, M. (2003) · APOPTOSIS · doi:10.1023/a:1025590308147 · Cited by 168 · see citing works

Fos is a Preferential Target of Glucocorticoid Receptor Inhibition of AP-1 Activity In Vitro

Kerppola, T. K., Luk, D. C., & Curran, T. (1993) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.13.6.3782 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid Augmentation of Macrophage Capacity for Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells Is Associated with Reduced p130Cas Expression, Loss of Paxillin/pyk2 Phosphorylation, and High Levels of Active Rac

Giles, K. M., Ross, K. A., Rossi, A. G., Hotchin, N. A., Haslett, C., & Dransfield, I. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.167.2.976 · Cited by 165 · see citing works

Selective regulation of bone cell apoptosis by translational isoforms of the glucocorticoid receptor

Lu, N. Z., Collins, J. B., Grissom, S. F., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2007) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00253-07 · Cited by 160 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid signaling: a nongenomic mechanism for T-cell immunosuppression

Löwenberg, M., Verhaar, A. P., BRINK, G. R. V. D., & Hommes, D. W. (2007) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2007.02.001 · Cited by 154 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids limit acute lung inflammation in concert with inflammatory stimuli by induction of SphK1

Vettorazzi, S., Bode, C., Dejager, L., Frappart, L., Shelest, E., Klaßen, C., Tasdogan, A., Reichardt, H. M., Libert, C., Schneider, M., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms8796 · Cited by 154 · see citing works

Hydrocortisone and IL-4 induce IgE isotype switching in human B cells

Jabara, H. H., Ahern, D., Vercelli, D., & Geha, R. S. (1991) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.147.5.1557 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid receptor dimerization is required for survival in septic shock <i>via</i> suppression of interleukin‐1 in macrophages

Kleiman, A., Hübner, S., Parkitna, J. M. R., Neumann, A., Hofer, S., Weigand, M. A., Bauer, M., Schmid, W., Schütz, G., Libert, C., et al. (2012) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.11-192112 · Cited by 152 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid modulation of cytokine signaling

Rogatsky, I., & Ivashkiv, L. B. (2006) · Tissue Antigens · doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00599.x · Cited by 150 · see citing works

The Microcirculation and Inflammation: Site of Action for Glucocorticoids

Perretti, M., & Ahluwalia, A. (2000) · Microcirculation · doi:10.1111/j.1549-8719.2000.tb00117.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works

Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR)-Associated SMRT Binding to C/EBPβ TAD and Nrf2 Neh4/5: Role of SMRT Recruited to GR in GSTA2 Gene Repression

Ki, S. H., Cho, I. J., Choi, D. W., & Kim, S. G. (2005) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.25.10.4150-4165.2005 · Cited by 145 · see citing works

Annexin 1 and the biology of the neutrophil

Perretti, M., & Flower, R. J. (2004) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.1103552 · Cited by 142 · see citing works

Enhancement of MEK/ERK signaling promotes glucocorticoid resistance in CD4+ T cells

Tsitoura, D. C., & Rothman, P. B. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci18975 · Cited by 133 · see citing works

Role of mitochondrial glucocorticoid receptor in glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis

Sionov, R. V., Cohen, O., Kfir‐Erenfeld, S., Zilberman, Y., & Yefenof, E. (2006) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20050433 · Cited by 132 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids suppress inflammation via the upregulation of negative regulator IRAK-M

Miyata, M., Lee, J.-Y., Susuki-Miyata, S., Wang, W. Y., Xu, H., Kai, H., Kobayashi, K. S., Flavell, R. A., & Li, J. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms7062 · Cited by 132 · see citing works

GILZ Promotes Production of Peripherally Induced Treg Cells and Mediates the Crosstalk between Glucocorticoids and TGF-β Signaling

Bereshchenko, O., Coppo, M., Bruscoli, S., Biagioli, M., Cimino, M., Frammartino, T., Sorcini, D., Venanzi, A., Di Sante, M., & Riccardi, C. (2014) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2014.03.004 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

Role of GILZ in immune regulation, glucocorticoid actions and rheumatoid arthritis

Beaulieu, É., & Morand, E. F. (2011) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2011.59 · Cited by 130 · see citing works

Protein-Protein Interactions and Transcriptional Antagonism between the Subfamily of NGFI-B/Nur77 Orphan Nuclear Receptors and Glucocorticoid Receptor

Martens, C., Bilodeau, S., Maira, M., Gauthier, Y., & Drouin, J. (2004) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2004-0333 · Cited by 128 · see citing works

Thymocyte responsiveness to endogenous glucocorticoids is required for immunological fitness

Mittelstadt, P. R., Monteiro, J. P., & Ashwell, J. D. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci63067 · Cited by 128 · see citing works

The activated glucocorticoid receptor inhibits the transcription factor T‐bet by direct protein‐protein interaction

Liberman, A. C., Refojo, D., Druker, J., Toscano, M. A., Rein, T., Holsboer, F., & ARZT, E. S. (2007) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.06-7452com · Cited by 125 · see citing works

In vivo effects of glucocorticoids on IgE production

Zieg, Lack, Harbeck, Gelfand, & Leung (1994) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1053/ai.1994.v94.a54936 · Cited by 121 · see citing works

Glucocorticoids Engage Different Signal Transduction Pathways to Induce Apoptosis in Thymocytes and Mature T Cells

Wang, D., Müller, N., McPherson, K., & Reichardt, H. M. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.3.1695 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Enhancement of MEK/ERK signaling promotes glucocorticoid resistance in CD4+ T cells

Tsitoura, D. C., & Rothman, P. B. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200418975 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Hypertension in Cushing’s Syndrome: From Pathogenesis to Treatment

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