Cited by 171Tryptophan and brain disordersTreatment of Major DepressionStress Responses and Cortisol

The role of depressive subtypes within the neuroinflammation hypothesis of major depressive disorder

Woelfer, Marie, Kasties, Vanessa, Kahlfuss, Sascha, Walter, Martin·2019·Neuroscience

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a very common disease that affects more than 350 million people worldwide, representing an enormous socioeconomic burden. From a clinical perspective, MDD can be divided into different subtypes, such as melancholic or atypical MDD. Interestingly, increasing evidence points toward an involvement of the immune system in MDD pathogenesis. However, inflammation does not seem to have the same impact on every MDD type. Here, we describe how inflammation can affect monoaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, which provides a possible mechanism for MDD onset. Next, we examine the regional specificity of neuroinflammation, which shows striking overlaps with neural patterns activated in atypical MDD. Furthermore, we outline how inflammation may translate to subtype-specific clinical features and we suggest how this could be used for diagnostic and treatment purposes. By providing a link back to a dysregulated immune system as a contributing factor to MDD subtypes, we explain how brain regions particularly affected by certain subtypes may regulate the cortisol circuitry.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.034

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Authors
Woelfer, M., Kasties, V., Kahlfuss, S., & Walter, M.
Affiliations
  • New Jersey Institute of Technology (US)
  • University of Tübingen (DE)
  • New York University (US)
  • Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (DE)
Corresponding author
Walter, Martin
Venue
Neuroscience
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-04
Volume
403
Pages
93-110
ISSN
0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2795176873
Cited by
171
References
260
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 2
FWCI
1.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB779-A06, KA 4514/1-1)
  • Otto-von-Guericke-University
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
major depressive disorder, depression subtypes, neuroinflammation, atypical depression, endogenous depression, monoaminergic neurotransmission, glutamatergic neurotransmission, immune dysregulation
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Inflammation, Models, Biological

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