Bioinspired neuron-like electronics
Open accessAbstract
As an important application of functional biomaterials, neural probes have contributed substantially to studying the brain. Bioinspired and biomimetic strategies have begun to be applied to the development of neural probes, although these and previous generations of probes have had structural and mechanical dissimilarities from their neuron targets that lead to neuronal loss, neuroinflammatory responses and measurement instabilities. Here, we present a bioinspired design for neural probes-neuron-like electronics (NeuE)-where the key building blocks mimic the subcellular structural features and mechanical properties of neurons. Full three-dimensional mapping of implanted NeuE-brain interfaces highlights the structural indistinguishability and intimate interpenetration of NeuE and neurons. Time-dependent histology and electrophysiology studies further reveal a structurally and functionally stable interface with the neuronal and glial networks shortly following implantation, thus opening opportunities for next-generation brain-machine interfaces. Finally, the NeuE subcellular structural features are shown to facilitate migration of endogenous neural progenitor cells, thus holding promise as an electrically active platform for transplantation-free regenerative medicine.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A flexible filamentary bioinspired neuron-like electronic has bending stiffness comparable to a neuron's axon, enabling biocompatible high-resolution local field potential recording.
“The bending stiffness of this implant is comparable to that of a neuron’s axon, enabling biocompatible high-resolution LFP recording.[310]”
From Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics (2022) · cites this paper as [310]
The Design and characteristics section states that the NeuE interconnect’s calculated bending stiffness is comparable to a neuron’s axon. The Summary and outlook reports negligible immune response, and Stable single-unit recording following implantation reports stable recordings of individual neurons. Our copy does not establish high-resolution local field potential (LFP) recording; its recording results concern single-unit spikes. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWith further processing technology, these materials can be fabricated into ultra-thin and ultra-fine forms, enabling high-density integration and some flexibility.
“With further evolution of processing technology, these materials can be fabricated into ultra-thin and ultra-fine forms, thus enabling high-density integration, as well as endowing some flexibility.[310,311]”
From Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics (2022) · cites this paper as [310]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Imaging Neuronal Subsets in Transgenic Mice Expressing Multiple Spectral Variants of GFP
Feng, G., Mellor, R. H., Bernstein, M., Keller-Peck, C., Nguyen, Q. T., Wallace, M., Nerbonne, J. M., Lichtman, J. W., & Sanes, J. R. (2000) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)00084-2 · Cited by 3,042 · see citing works
Fully integrated silicon probes for high-density recording of neural activity
Jun, J. J., Steinmetz, N. A., Siegle, J. H., Denman, D. J., Bauza, M., Barbarits, B., Lee, A. K., Anastassiou, C. A., Andrei, A., Aydın, Ç., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature24636 · Cited by 2,190 · see citing works
Unsupervised spike detection and sorting with wavelets and superparamagnetic clustering
Quiroga, R. Q., Nadasdy, Z., & Ben-Shaul, Y. (2004) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/089976604774201631 · Cited by 2,119 · see citing works
Structural and molecular interrogation of intact biological systems
Chung, K., Wallace, J., Kim, S.-Y., Kalyanasundaram, S., Andalman, A. S., Davidson, T. J., Mirzabekov, J. J., Zalocusky, K. A., Mattis, J., Denisin, A. K., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12107 · Cited by 2,008 · see citing works
Response of brain tissue to chronically implanted neural electrodes
Polikov, V. S., Tresco, P. A., & Reichert, W. M. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.08.015 · Cited by 1,896 · see citing works
ADULT NEUROGENESIS IN THE MAMMALIAN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Ming, G., & Song, H. (2005) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.28.051804.101459 · Cited by 1,829 · see citing works
Optogenetic stimulation of a hippocampal engram activates fear memory recall
Liu, X., Ramirez, S., Pang, P. T., Puryear, C. B., Govindarajan, A., Deisseroth, K. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11028 · Cited by 1,669 · see citing works
Adult Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus: From Stem Cells to Behavior
Gonçalves, J. T., Schafer, S. T., & Gage, F. H. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.021 · Cited by 1,122 · see citing works
Electronic dura mater for long-term multimodal neural interfaces
Minev, I. R., Musienko, P., Hirsch, A., Barraud, Q., Wenger, N., Moraud, E. M., Gandar, J., Capogrosso, M., Milekovic, T., Asboth, L., et al. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1260318 · Cited by 1,082 · see citing works
Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Nanocomposites Inspired by the Sea Cucumber Dermis
Capadona, J. R., Shanmuganathan, K., Tyler, D. J., Rowan, S. J., & Weder, C. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1153307 · Cited by 965 · see citing works
Single-Cell Phenotyping within Transparent Intact Tissue through Whole-Body Clearing
Yang, B., Treweek, J. B., Kulkarni, R. P., Deverman, B. E., Chen, C., Lubeck, E., Shah, S., Cai, L., & Gradinaru, V. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.07.017 · Cited by 933 · see citing works
Kozai, T. D. Y., Langhals, N. B., Patel, P. R., Deng, X., Zhang, H., Smith, K. L., Lahann, J., Kotov, N. A., & Kipke, D. R. (2012) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat3468 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
Syringe-injectable electronics
Liu, J., Fu, T.-M., Cheng, Z., Hong, G., Zhou, T., Jin, L., Duvvuri, M., Jiang, Z., Kruskal, P., Xie, C., et al. (2015) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2015.115 · Cited by 687 · see citing works
Self-citationCanales, A., Jia, X., Froriep, U. P., Koppes, R. A., Tringides, C. M., Selvidge, J., Lu, C., Hou, C., Wei, L., Fink, Y., et al. (2015) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3093 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Neural recording and modulation technologies
Chen, R., Canales, A., & Anikeeva, P. (2017) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2016.93 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Quantitative measures of cluster quality for use in extracellular recordings
Schmitzer-Torbert, N. C., Jackson, J. C., Henze, D. A., Harris, K., & Redish, A. D. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.066 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Glial responses to implanted electrodes in the brain
Salatino, J. W., Ludwig, K. A., Kozai, T. D. Y., & Purcell, E. K. (2017) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-017-0154-1 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Ultraflexible nanoelectronic probes form reliable, glial scar–free neural integration
Luan, L., Wei, X., Zhao, Z., Siegel, J. J., Potnis, O., Tuppen, C. A., Lin, S. Q., Kazmi, S., Fowler, R. A., Holloway, S., et al. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601966 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Failure mode analysis of silicon-based intracortical microelectrode arrays in non-human primates
Barrese, J. C., Rao, N., Paroo, K., Triebwasser, C., Vargas-Irwin, C., Franquemont, L., & Donoghue, J. P. (2013) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/10/6/066014 · Cited by 600 · see citing works
Tissue–electronics interfaces: from implantable devices to engineered tissues
Feiner, R., & Dvir, T. (2017) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2017.76 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Functional organization of excitatory synaptic strength in primary visual cortex
Cossell, L., Iacaruso, M. F., Muir, D. R., Houlton, R., Sader, E., Ko, H., Hofer, S. B., & Mrsic‐Flogel, T. D. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14182 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Mimicking biological functionality with polymers for biomedical applications
Green, J. J., & Elisseeff, J. H. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21005 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Simple, Scalable Proteomic Imaging for High-Dimensional Profiling of Intact Systems
Murray, E. M., Cho, J., Goodwin, D., Ku, T., Swaney, J., Kim, S., Choi, H., Park, Y.-G., Park, J. Y., Hubbert, A., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.025 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Coordination of entorhinal–hippocampal ensemble activity during associative learning
Igarashi, K. M., Lu, L., Colgin, L. L., Moser, M., & Moser, E. I. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13162 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Kinetics, thermodynamics and mechanism of reactions of epoxy oligomers with amines
Rozenberg, B. A. (2005) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/bfb0017916 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
One-step optogenetics with multifunctional flexible polymer fibers
Park, S., Guo, Y., Jia, X., Choe, H. K., Grena, B. J.-B., Kang, J., Park, J., Lu, C., Canales, A., Chen, R., et al. (2017) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4510 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Live Astrocytes Visualized by Green Fluorescent Protein in Transgenic Mice
Zhuo, L., Sun, B., Zhang, C.-L., Fine, A., Chiu, S. Y., & Messing, A. (1997) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1006/dbio.1997.8601 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Tools for Probing Local Circuits: High-Density Silicon Probes Combined with Optogenetics
Buzsáki, G., Stark, E., Berényi, A., Khodagholy, D., Kipke, D. R., Yoon, E., & Wise, K. D. (2015) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.01.028 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Stable long-term chronic brain mapping at the single-neuron level
Tian-ming Fu, B., Hong, G., Zhou, T., Schuhmann, T. G., Viveros, R. D., & Lieber, C. M. (2016) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.3969 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Self-citationFunctional Trade-Offs in White Matter Axonal Scaling
Wang, S. S. ‐., Shultz, J. R., Burish, M. J., Harrison, K. H., Hof, P. R., Towns, L. C., WAGERS, M. W., & Wyatt, K. D. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5559-05.2008 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Design, clinical translation and immunological response of biomaterials in regenerative medicine
Sadtler, K., Singh, A., Wolf, M. T., Wang, X.-K., Pardoll, D., & Elisseeff, J. (2016) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2016.40 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Single-Unit Stability Using Chronically Implanted Multielectrode Arrays
Dickey, A. S., Suminski, A., Amit, Y., & Hatsopoulos, N. G. (2009) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.90920.2008 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Zhou, T., Hong, G., Fu, T.-M., Yang, X., Schuhmann, T. G., Viveros, R. D., & Lieber, C. M. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1705509114 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Self-citationThe mechanics of tessellations – bioinspired strategies for fracture resistance
Fratzl, P., Kolednik, O., Fischer, F. D., & Dean, M. N. (2015) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c5cs00598a · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Schmitzer-Torbert, N. C., & Redish, A. D. (2004) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00687.2003 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Compact Movable Microwire Array for Long-Term Chronic Unit Recording in Cerebral Cortex of Primates
Jackson, A., & Fetz, E. E. (2007) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00569.2007 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Highly scalable multichannel mesh electronics for stable chronic brain electrophysiology
Tian-ming Fu, B., Hong, G., Viveros, R. D., Zhou, T., & Lieber, C. M. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1717695114 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationTuning crystallization pathways through sequence engineering of biomimetic polymers
Ma, X., Zhang, S., Jiao, F., Newcomb, C. J., Zhang, Y., Prakash, A., Liao, Z., Baer, M. D., Mundy, C. J., Pfaendtner, J., et al. (2017) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat4891 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Long-term changes in the material properties of brain tissue at the implant–tissue interface
Sridharan, A., Rajan, S. D., & Muthuswamy, J. (2013) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/10/6/066001 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Hong, G., Tian-ming Fu, B., Zhou, T., Schuhmann, T. G., Huang, J., & Lieber, C. M. (2015) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02987 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationTetrode technology: advances in implantable hardware, neuroimaging, and data analysis techniques
Jog, M., Connolly, C. I., Kubota, Y., Iyengar, D. R., Garrido, L., Harlan, R., & Graybiel, A. M. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(02)00092-4 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Smith, D. W., Bailes, J. E., Fisher, J. A., Robles, J., Turner, R. C., & Mills, J. D. (2011) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0b013e318235b991 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Liu, K. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/484410a · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Chronic intracortical neural recordings using microelectrode arrays coated with PEDOT–TFB
Charkhkar, H., Knaack, G. L., McHail, D. G., Mandal, H. S., Peixoto, N., Rubinson, J. F., Dumas, T. C., & Pancrazio, J. J. (2016) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2015.12.022 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Syringe-injectable electronics with a plug-and-play input/output interface.
Schuhmann, T. G., Yao, J., Hong, G., Fu, T.-M., & Lieber, C. M. (2017) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03081 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationTargeting CD14 on blood derived cells improves intracortical microelectrode performance
Bedell, H. W., Hermann, J. K., Ravikumar, M., Lin, S., Rein, A., Li, X., Molinich, E., Smith, P. D., Selkirk, S. M., Miller, R. H., et al. (2018) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.014 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Motalleb, R., Berns, E. J., Patel, P., Gold, J., Stupp, S. I., & Kuhn, H. G. (2018) · Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine · doi:10.1002/term.2644 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Bioinspired materials and systems for neural interfacing
Shoffstall, A. J., & Capadona, J. R. (2018) · Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2018.05.002 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Syringe-injectable Mesh Electronics for Stable Chronic Rodent Electrophysiology
Schuhmann, T. G., Zhou, T., Hong, G., Lee, J. M., Tian-ming Fu, B., Park, H., & Lieber, C. M. (2018) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/58003 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationSaxena, T. K., & Bellamkonda, R. V. (2015) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat4454 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
High-yield in vitro recordings from neurons functionally characterized in vivo
Weiler, S., Bauer, J., Hübener, M., Bonhoeffer, T., Rose, T., & Scheuß, V. (2018) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2018.026 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
A Model of the Spatially Dependent Mechanical Properties of the Axon During Its Growth
Garcı́a, J. A., Peña, J.-M., McHugh, S. M., & Jérusalem, A. (2012) · Hispana · doi:10.3970/cmes.2012.087.411 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Bending characteristics of SU-8
Spratley, J. P. F., Ward, M. C. L., & Hall, P. S. (2007) · Micro & Nano Letters · doi:10.1049/mnl:20070022 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics
Heng, W., Solomon, S., & Gao, W. (2022) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202107902 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
Materials for flexible bioelectronic systems as chronic neural interfaces
Song, E., Li, J., Won, S. M., Bai, W., & Rogers, J. A. (2020) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/s41563-020-0679-7 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Li, Q., Nan, K., Le Floch, P., Lin, Z., Sheng, H., Blum, T. S., & Liu, J. (2019) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02512 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Wu, X., Jiang, Y., Rommelfanger, N. J., Yang, F., Zhou, Q., Yin, R., Liu, J., Cai, S., Ren, W., Shin, A., et al. (2022) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-022-00862-w · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Self-citationBioengineering Approaches for the Advanced Organoid Research
Yi, S. A., Zhang, Y., Rathnam, C., Pongkulapa, T., & Lee, K. (2021) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202007949 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Recent advances in neurotechnologies with broad potential for neuroscience research
Vázquez-Guardado, A., Yang, Y., Bandodkar, A. J., & Rogers, J. A. (2020) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-020-00739-8 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Shi, Q., & Lee, C. (2019) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.201900617 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Luan, L., Robinson, J. T., Aazhang, B., Chi, T., Yang, K., Li, X., Rathore, H., Singer, A., Yellapantula, S., Fan, Y., et al. (2020) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.011 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
The future of neuroscience: flexible and wireless implantable neural electronics
McGlynn, E., Nabaei, V., Ren, E., Galeote‐Checa, G., Das, R., Curia, G., & Heidari, H. (2021) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202002693 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Patel, P. R., Welle, E. J., Letner, J. G., Shen, H., Bullard, A. J., Caldwell, C. M., Vega-Medina, A., Richie, J. M., Thayer, H. E., Patil, P. G., et al. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/acab86 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Carnicer-Lombarte (2019) · doi:10.1101/829648 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Recent advances in recording and modulation technologies for next-generation neural interfaces.
Hong, J.-W., Yoon, C., Jo, K., Won, J. H., & Park, S. (2021) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.103550 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Yang, X., Zhou, T., Zwang, T. J., Hong, G., Zhao, Y., Viveros, R. D., Fu, T.-M., Gao, T., & Lieber, C. M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lieber, Charles M.
- Venue
- Nature Materials
- Published
- 2019-02-25
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 510-517
- ISSN
- 1476-1122 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4660
- PMC
- PMC6474791
- OpenAlex
- W2917088308
- Cited by
- 384
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 33
- FWCI
- 22.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Open Research (University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R00AG056636, K99AG056636)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R21DA043985)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (DP1EB025835)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Conducting polymers and applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Keywords
- neural probes, biomimetic materials, brain-computer interface, neuroinflammation, glial networks
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Astrocytes, Biocompatible Materials, Brain, Brain Mapping, Electrodes, Implanted, Electronics, Hippocampus, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Materials Testing, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neurons, Refractometry, Research Design, Stereotaxic Techniques, Stress, Mechanical, Neurites, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Biomimetics, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Nanomedicine, Mice, Electrophysiological Phenomena, Brain-Computer Interfaces
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
