Sex differences in brain protein expression and disease
Open accessAbstract
Most complex human traits differ by sex, but we have limited insight into the underlying mechanisms. Here, we investigated the influence of biological sex on protein expression and its genetic regulation in 1,277 human brain proteomes. We found that 13.2% (1,354) of brain proteins had sex-differentiated abundance and 1.5% (150) of proteins had sex-biased protein quantitative trait loci (sb-pQTLs). Among genes with sex-biased expression, we found 67% concordance between sex-differentiated protein and transcript levels; however, sex effects on the genetic regulation of expression were more evident at the protein level. Considering 24 psychiatric, neurologic and brain morphologic traits, we found that an average of 25% of their putatively causal genes had sex-differentiated protein abundance and 12 putatively causal proteins had sb-pQTLs. Furthermore, integrating sex-specific pQTLs with sex-stratified genome-wide association studies of six psychiatric and neurologic conditions, we uncovered another 23 proteins contributing to these traits in one sex but not the other. Together, these findings begin to provide insights into mechanisms underlying sex differences in brain protein expression and disease.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Additional brain pQTL studies exist but generally have smaller sample sizes or analyze fewer proteins.
“Additional brain pQTL studies exist but generally have smaller sample sizes or analyze fewer proteins (15, 16).”
From Low overlap of plasma and CSF protein quantitative trait loci affects protein discovery for neurological disease (2026) · cites this paper as [15]
The Results section, ‘Sex differences in genetic control of brain protein abundance’ (page unavailable), confirms that this is a brain pQTL study, so it supports the existence of an additional study. Our copy does not compare its sample size or number of proteins analyzed with other brain pQTL studies, so it does not establish the claim that such studies generally have smaller samples or analyze fewer proteins. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPrior work examined the effect of biological sex on protein expression and its genetic regulation in human brain proteomes.
“Our prior work examined the effect of biological sex on protein expression and its genetic regulation in human brain proteomes.”
From Unraveling sex differences in Alzheimer's disease and related endophenotypes with brain proteomes (2025) · cites this paper as [24]
These findings are in line with prior work showing robust differences in brain protein expression by sex.
“These findings are in line with our prior work showing robust differences in brain protein expression by sex.”
From Unraveling sex differences in Alzheimer's disease and related endophenotypes with brain proteomes (2025) · cites this paper as [24]
32 of 428 (7.5%) of the CSF index pQTLs and 61 of 480 (12.7%) of the plasma pQTLs also analyzed in the brain-based mass spectrometry pQTL analysis had opposite directions of effect (P<0.05).
“In addition, 32 of 428 (7.5%) of the CSF index pQTLs and 61 of 480 (12.7%) of the plasma pQTLs also analyzed in the brain-based mass spectrometry pQTL analysis (15) had opposite directions of effect (P < 0.05).”
From Low overlap of plasma and CSF protein quantitative trait loci affects protein discovery for neurological disease (2026) · cites this paper as [15]
We extended and validated these differences in larger plasma pQTL datasets [Fenland and deCODE Genetics] and brain pQTL resources.
“We extended and validated these differences in larger plasma pQTL datasets [Fenland (9) and deCODE Genetics (10)] and brain pQTL resources (15, 16).”
From Low overlap of plasma and CSF protein quantitative trait loci affects protein discovery for neurological disease (2026) · cites this paper as [15]
The FUT8 pQTL is concordant between CSF and brain (neurological contexts) and discordant in the deCODE study.
“The pQTL is concordant between CSF and brain (neurological contexts) (15) and discordant in the deCODE study.”
From Low overlap of plasma and CSF protein quantitative trait loci affects protein discovery for neurological disease (2026) · cites this paper as [15]
The citation is attached to the CSF–brain concordance claim, not the separate deCODE comparison. The Results section on genetic control of brain protein abundance reports brain pQTLs, but our copy yields no passage about a FUT8 pQTL being concordant between CSF and brain (searched: FUT8, CSF, cerebrospinal fluid, and concordance). (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWe did not observe an association at this variant for GBA in the brain, potentially because of a lack of power to detect rare variant effects.
“We did not observe an association at this variant for GBA in the brain (15), potentially because of a lack of power to detect rare variant effects.”
From Low overlap of plasma and CSF protein quantitative trait loci affects protein discovery for neurological disease (2026) · cites this paper as [15]
The Methods (Genetic data; page unavailable) say variants with a minor allele frequency below 5% were excluded, and the Discussion (page unavailable) notes limited power in sex-stratified analyses. Neither passage reports a result for GBA or the variant in the citing sentence. Searches for GBA and rare-variant effects found no passage addressing that specific nonassociation. (LLM, conf=0.73)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEvidence of colocalization between miR-QTLs and host gene eQTLs (coloc PP.H4 > 0.5) was found for 17 of 106 miRNA-host pairs.
“Considering the 106 miRNA-host pairs (103 mature miRNAs from 77 precursors in 71 host genes) for which the miRNA had miR-QTLs and the host gene had eQTLs, we found evidence of colocalization between miR-QTLs and host gene eQTLs (coloc PP.H4 > 0.5) for 17 pairs and no evidence of colocalization for 89 pairs (Supplementary Table 9).”
From Mapping the microRNA landscape in the older adult brain and its genetic contribution to neuropsychiatric conditions (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
No evidence of colocalization between miR-QTLs and host gene eQTLs was found for 89 of 106 miRNA-host pairs.
“Considering the 106 miRNA-host pairs (103 mature miRNAs from 77 precursors in 71 host genes) for which the miRNA had miR-QTLs and the host gene had eQTLs, we found evidence of colocalization between miR-QTLs and host gene eQTLs (coloc PP.H4 > 0.5) for 17 pairs and no evidence of colocalization for 89 pairs (Supplementary Table 9).”
From Mapping the microRNA landscape in the older adult brain and its genetic contribution to neuropsychiatric conditions (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2
Love, M. I., Huber, W., & Anders, S. (2014) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8 · Cited by 95,106 · see citing works
Subramanian, A., Tamayo, P., Mootha, V. K., Mukherjee, S., Ebert, B. L., Gillette, M. A., Paulovich, A., Pomeroy, S. L., Golub, T. R., Lander, E. S., et al. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0506580102 · Cited by 53,625 · see citing works
STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner
Dobin, A., Davis, C. A., Schlesinger, F., Drenkow, J., Zaleski, C., Jha, S., Batut, P., Chaisson, M., & Gingeras, T. R. (2013) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts635 · Cited by 51,709 · see citing works
PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses.
Purcell, S., Neale, B., Todd-Brown, K., Thomas, L., Ferreira, M. A. R., Bender, D., Maller, J., Sklar, P., de Bakker, P. I. W., Daly, M. J., et al. (2007) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/519795 · Cited by 34,089 · see citing works
Principal components analysis corrects for stratification in genome-wide association studies
Price, A. L., Patterson, N. J., Plenge, R. M., Weinblatt, M. E., Shadick, N. A., & Reich, D. (2006) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1847 · Cited by 10,248 · see citing works
Giambartolomei, C., Vukcevic, D., Schadt, E. E., Franke, L., Hingorani, A. D., Wallace, C., & Plagnol, V. (2014) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004383 · Cited by 4,261 · see citing works
Insights into the regulation of protein abundance from proteomic and transcriptomic analyses
Vogel, C., & Marcotte, E. M. (2012) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3185 · Cited by 4,195 · see citing works
Robust relationship inference in genome-wide association studies
Manichaikul, A., Mychaleckyj, J. C., Rich, S. S., Daly, K., Sale, M., & Chen, W.-M. (2010) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq559 · Cited by 3,541 · see citing works
Integration of summary data from GWAS and eQTL studies predicts complex trait gene targets
Zhu, Z., Zhang, F., Hu, H., Bakshi, A., Robinson, M. R., Powell, J. E., Montgomery, G. W., Goddard, M. E., Wray, N. R., Visscher, P. M., et al. (2016) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3538 · Cited by 3,352 · see citing works
Integrative approaches for large-scale transcriptome-wide association studies
Gusev, A., Ko, A., Shi, H., Bhatia, G., Chung, W., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Jansen, R., de Geus, E. J. C., Boomsma, D. I., Wright, F. A., et al. (2016) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3506 · Cited by 2,479 · see citing works
The reactome pathway knowledgebase
Jassal, B., Matthews, L. R., Viteri, G., Gong, C., Lorente, P., Fabregat, A., Sidiropoulos, K., Cook, J., Gillespie, M. E., Haw, R., et al. (2019) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkz1031 · Cited by 2,111 · see citing works
Capturing Heterogeneity in Gene Expression Studies by Surrogate Variable Analysis
Leek, J. T., & Storey, J. D. (2007) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030161 · Cited by 1,930 · see citing works
Prevalence and Treatment of Mental Disorders, 1990 to 2003
Kessler, R. C., Demler, O., Frank, R. G., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Walters, E. E., Wang, P., Wells, K. B., & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa043266 · Cited by 1,910 · see citing works
Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project
Bennett, D. A., Buchman, A. S., Boyle, P. A., Barnes, L. L., Wilson, R. S., & Schneider, J. A. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-179939 · Cited by 1,260 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Reactome pathway Knowledgebase
Fabregat, A., Sidiropoulos, K., Garapati, P., Gillespie, M., Hausmann, K., Haw, R., Jassal, B., Jupe, S., Korninger, F., McKay, S., et al. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1351 · Cited by 1,201 · see citing works
A simple new approach to variable selection in regression, with application to genetic fine mapping
Wang, G., Sarkar, A., Carbonetto, P., & Stephens, M. (2020) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · doi:10.1111/rssb.12388 · Cited by 1,121 · see citing works
Cell type- and brain region-resolved mouse brain proteome
Sharma, K., Schmitt, S., Bergner, C. G., Tyanova, S., Kannaiyan, N., Manrique-Hoyos, N., Kongi, K., Cantuti, L., Hanisch, U.-K., Philips, M.-A., et al. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4160 · Cited by 871 · see citing works
WikiPathways: connecting communities
Martens, M., Ammar, A., Riutta, A., Waagmeester, A., Slenter, D., Hanspers, K., Miller, R. A., Digles, D., Lopes, É. N., Ehrhart, F., et al. (2020) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa1024 · Cited by 847 · see citing works
Understanding the impact of sex and gender in Alzheimer’s disease: A call to action
Nebel, R. A., Aggarwal, N. T., Barnes, L. L., Gallagher, A., Goldstein, J. M., Kantarci, K., Mallampalli, M. P., Mormino, E. C., Scott, L., Yu, W. H., et al. (2018) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2018.04.008 · Cited by 839 · see citing works
Dustin, M. L., Olszowy, M. W., Holdorf, A. D., Li, J., Bromley, S. K., Desai, N. N., Widder, P., Rosenberger, F., van der Merwe, P. A., Allen, P. M., et al. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81608-6 · Cited by 710 · see citing works
The Incidence of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hirsch, L., Jetté, N., Frolkis, A. D., Steeves, T. D. L., & Pringsheim, T. M. (2016) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000445751 · Cited by 683 · see citing works
The impact of sex on gene expression across human tissues
Oliva, M., Muñoz-Aguirre, M., Kim-Hellmuth, S., Wucher, V., Gewirtz, A. D., Cotter, D. J., Parsana, P., Kasela, S., Balliu, B., Viñuela, A., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aba3066 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
A multi-omic atlas of the human frontal cortex for aging and Alzheimer’s disease research
De Jager, P. L., Ma, Y., McCabe, C., Xu, J., Vardarajan, B. N., Felsky, D., Klein, H.-U., White, C. C., Peters, M. A., Lodgson, B., et al. (2018) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/sdata.2018.142 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Self-citationJohnson, E. C. B., Carter, E. K., Dammer, E. B., Duong, D. M., Gerasimov, E. S., Liu, Y., Liu, J., Betarbet, R., Ping, L., Yin, L., et al. (2022) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-021-00999-y · Cited by 561 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, M., Beckmann, N. D., Roussos, P., Wang, E., Zhou, X., Wang, Q., Ming, C., Neff, R., Ma, W., Fullard, J. F., et al. (2018) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/sdata.2018.185 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Self-citationHah, N., Danko, C. G., Core, L. J., Waterfall, J. J., Siepel, A. C., Lis, J. T., & Kraus, W. L. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.03.042 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Beach, T. G., Adler, C. H., Sue, L. I., Serrano, G., Shill, H. A., Walker, D. G., Lue, L., Roher, A. E., Dugger, B. N., Maarouf, C., et al. (2015) · Neuropathology · doi:10.1111/neup.12189 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Gene Expression and Regulatory Networks across 29 Human Tissues
Lopes‐Ramos, C. M., Chen, C.-Y., Kuijjer, M. L., Paulson, J. N., Sonawane, A. R., Fagny, M., Platig, J., Glass, K., Quackenbush, J. F., & DeMeo, D. L. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107795 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Bekker‐Jensen, D. B., Martínez‐Val, A., Steigerwald, S., Rüther, P. L., Fort, K. L., Arrey, T. N., Harder, A., Makarov, A., & Olsen, J. V. (2020) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.tir119.001906 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Urbut, S., Wang, G. T., Carbonetto, P. S., & Stephens, M. (2018) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0268-8 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Wingo, A. P., Liu, Y., Gerasimov, E. S., Gockley, J., Logsdon, B. A., Duong, D. M., Dammer, E. B., Robins, C., Beach, T. G., Reiman, E. M., et al. (2021) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-020-00773-z · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Self-citationBurguillos, M. A., Svensson, M., Schulte, T., Boza-Serrano, A., Garcia-Quintanilla, A., Kavanagh, E., Santiago, M., Viceconte, N., Oliva-Martin, M. J., Osman, A. M., et al. (2015) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.012 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Sieberts, S. K., Perumal, T. M., Carrasquillo, M. M., Allen, M., Reddy, J. S., Hoffman, G. E., Dang, K. K., Calley, J., Ebert, P. J., Eddy, J., et al. (2020) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-020-00642-8 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Self-citationWidespread sex differences in gene expression and splicing in the adult human brain
Trabzuni, D., Ramasamy, A., Imran, S., WALKER, R. E., Smith, C., Weale, M. E., Hardy, J., & Ryten, M. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms3771 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Gene expression in human brain implicates sexually dimorphic pathways in autism spectrum disorders
Werling, D. M., Parikshak, N. N., & Geschwind, D. H. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms10717 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Wan, Y.-W., Al-Ouran, R., Mangleburg, C. G., Perumal, T. M., Lee, T. V., Allison, K., Swarup, V., Funk, C. C., Gaiteri, C., Allen, M., et al. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107908 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Self-citationInternational incidence of psychotic disorders, 2002–17: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jongsma, H. E., Turner, C., Kirkbride, J. B., & Jones, P. B. (2019) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(19)30056-8 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
GO-Elite: a flexible solution for pathway and ontology over-representation
Zambon, A. C., Gaj, S., Ho, I., Hanspers, K., VRANIZAN, K. M., Evelo, C. T., Conklin, B. R., Pico, A. R., & Salomonis, N. (2012) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts366 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Blood Pressure Associations With Cardiovascular Outcomes
Ji, H., Niiranen, T., Rader, F., Henglin, M., Kim, A., Ebinger, J. E., Claggett, B. L., Merz, C. N. B., & Cheng, S. C. (2021) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.120.049360 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Lalancette-Hébert, M., Swarup, V., Beaulieu, J. M., Bohacek, I., Abdelhamid, E., Weng, Y. C., Sato, S., & Kriz, J. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1498-12.2012 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
The role of Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) in health and disease
Keller, E. T., Fu, Z., & Brennan, M. M. (2004) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2004.04.024 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Influence of sex differences on microRNA gene regulation in disease
Sharma, S., & Eghbali, M. (2014) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/2042-6410-5-3 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Shared mechanisms across the major psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases
Wingo, T. S., Liu, Y., Gerasimov, E. S., Vattathil, S. M., Wynne, M. E., Liu, J., Lori, A., Faundez, V., Bennett, D. A., Seyfried, N. T., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31873-5 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Self-citationSex differences in genetic architecture in the UK Biobank
Bernabeu, E., Canela‐Xandri, O., Rawlik, K., Talenti, A., Prendergast, J. G. D., & Tenesa, A. (2021) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00912-0 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Mayne, B. T., Bianco-Miotto, T., Buckberry, S., Breen, J., Clifton, V., Shoubridge, C., & Roberts, C. T. (2016) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00183 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Global quantitative analysis of the human brain proteome and phosphoproteome in Alzheimer’s disease
Ping, L., Kundinger, S. R., Duong, D. M., Yin, L., Gearing, M., Lah, J. J., Levey, A. I., & Seyfried, N. T. (2020) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-020-00650-8 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationSex-Dependent Shared and Non-Shared Genetic Architecture Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders
Blokland, G. A. M., Grove, J., Chen, C., Cotsapas, C. J., Tobet, S. A., Handa, R. J., Ripke, S., Neale, B. M., Corvin, A., Walters, J., et al. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.02.972 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citationSex differences in microRNA regulation of gene expression: no smoke, just miRs
Morgan, C. P., & Bale, T. L. (2012) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/2042-6410-3-22 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Sex Biased Gene Expression Profiling of Human Brains at Major Developmental Stages
Shi, L., Zhang, Z., & Su, B. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep21181 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Mossink, B., van Rhijn, J.-R., Wang, S., Linda, K., Vitale, M. R., Zöller, J. E. M., van Hugte, E., Bak, J., Verboven, A. H. A., Selten, M. M., et al. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01117-x · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Large-Scale Transcriptomics Studies Provide Insight Into Sex Differences in Depression
Seney, M. L., Glausier, J. R., & Sibille, E. L. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.12.025 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Nuttall, R. K., Silva, C., Hader, W. J., Bar‐Or, A., Patel, K. D., Edwards, D. R., & Yong, V. W. (2007) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20478 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Sex Differences in the Human Brain Transcriptome of Cases With Schizophrenia
Hoffman, G. E., Ma, Y., Montgomery, K. S., Bendl, J. M., Jaiswal, M. K., Kozlenkov, A., Peters, M. A., Dracheva, S. M., Fullard, J. F., Chess, A. J., et al. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.03.020 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
SLAP, a dimeric adapter protein, plays a functional role in T cell receptor signaling
Tang, J., Sawasdikosol, S., Chang, J., & Burakoff, S. J. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9775 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Neurodegeneration: The Role of the Immune System in Humans
Lopez-Lee, C., Kodama, L., & Gan, L. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.01.002 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Investigation of Autosomal Genetic Sex Differences in Parkinson's Disease
Blauwendraat, C., Iwaki, H., Makarious, M. B., Bandrés‐Ciga, S., Leonard, H. L., Grenn, F. P., Lake, J., Krohn, L., Tan, M. M. X., Kim, J. J., et al. (2021) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26090 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Gockley, J., Montgomery, K. S., Poehlman, W. L., Wiley, J. C., Liu, Y., Gerasimov, E. S., Greenwood, A. K., Sieberts, S. K., Wingo, A. P., Wingo, T. S., et al. (2021) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-021-00890-2 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationSex Differences in the Brain Transcriptome Related to Alcohol Effects and Alcohol Use Disorder
HITZEMANN, R. J., Bergeson, S. E., Berman, A., Bubier, J. A., Chesler, E. J., Finn, D. A., Hein, M., Hoffman, P. L., Holmes, A., Kisby, B. R., et al. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.04.016 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Belonwu, S., Li, Y., Bunis, D. G., Rao, A. A., Solsberg, C. W., Tang, A., Fragiadakis, G. K., Dubal, D. B., Oskotsky, T., & Sirota, M. (2021) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-021-02591-8 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Tabel, M., Wolf, A., Szczepan, M., Xu, H., Jägle, H., Moehle, C., Chen, M., & Langmann, T. (2022) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-022-02589-6 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Mishra, N., Khan, I. U., Tsokos, G. C., & Kammer, G. M. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.5.2830 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Pallier, P. N., Ferrara, M., Romagnolo, F., Ferretti, M. T., Soreq, H., & Cerase, A. (2022) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102353 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Bystro: rapid online variant annotation and natural-language filtering at whole-genome scale
Kotlar, A., Trevino, C. E., Zwick, M. E., Cutler, D. J., & Wingo, T. S. (2018) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1387-3 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationDeficient Protein Kinase A in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Kammer, G. M. (2002) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04329.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ouahed, J., Kelsen, J. R., Spessott, W., Kooshesh, K. A., Sanmillan, M. L., Dawany, N. B., Sullivan, K. E., Hamilton, K. E., Slowik, V., Nejentsev, S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab077 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Regulation of mRNA Translation by Hormone Receptors in Breast and Prostate Cancer
Xie, J., Kusnadi, E. P., Furic, L., & Selth, L. A. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13133254 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Cong, Y., Qi, H., Zhang, Y., Zhao, W. T., & Wu, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.764194 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Guo, Q., Wang, Y., Wang, Q., Qian, Y., Jiang, Y., Dong, X., Chen, H., Chen, X., Liu, X., Yu, S., et al. (2022) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-022-02260-z · Cited by 13 · see citing works
STXBP3 and GOT2 predict immunological activity in acute allograft rejection
Yao, Q., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Xiang, W., Chen, Y., Zhou, Q., Chen, J., Jiang, H. X., & Chen, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025681 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 71 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [28]Neale Lab. UKBB. http://www.nealelab.is/uk-biobank/. Vol. 2022 (2018).
- [47]Johnson, E. C. B. et al. Large-scale deep multi-layer analysis of Alzheimer’s disease brain reveals strong proteomic disease-related changes not observed at the RNA level. Nat Neurosci. 25, 213–225 (2022). 35115731 PMC8825285 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sex differences in the inflammation-depression link: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Jarkas, D., Villeneuve, A. H., Daneshmend, A., Villeneuve, P. J., & McQuaid, R. J. (2024) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.037 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Promises and Challenges of populational Proteomics in Health and Disease
Sun, B. B., Suhre, K., & Gibson, B. W. (2024) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100786 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Towards understanding sex differences in autism spectrum disorders
Leow, K. Q., Tonta, M. A., Lü, J., Coleman, H. A., & Parkington, H. C. (2024) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148877 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Schuermans, A., Truong, B. M. T., Ardissino, M., Bhukar, R., Slob, E. A. W., Nakao, T., Dron, J. S., Small, A., Cho, S. M. J., Yu, Z., et al. (2024) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2023.4994 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Astrocyte Activity
Gozlan, E., Lewit-Cohen, Y., & Frenkel, D. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13201724 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Role of the X Chromosome in Alzheimer Disease Genetics
Belloy, M. E., Guen, Y. L., Stewart, I., Williams, K., Herz, J., Sherva, R., Zhang, R., Merritt, V. C., Panizzon, M. S., Hauger, R. L., et al. (2024) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.2843 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The proteogenomic landscape of the human kidney and implications for cardio-kidney-metabolic health
Hirohama, D., Fadista, J., Ha, E., Liu, H., Abedini, A., Levinsohn, J. L., Vassalotti, A., Zeng, L., Li, C., Mohandes, S., et al. (2025) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-03872-8 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Wingo, A. P., Liu, Y., Vattathil, S. M., Gerasimov, E. S., Mei, Z., Ravindran, S. P., Liu, J., Shantaraman, A., Seifar, F., Wang, E., et al. (2025) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02291-2 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationProteins linking APOE ɛ4 with Alzheimer's disease
Oveisgharan, S., Yu, L., Lopes, K. D. P., Tasaki, S., Wang, Y., Menon, V., Schneider, J. A., Seyfried, N. T., & Bennett, D. A. (2024) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13867 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationCirculating Blood-Based Proteins in Psychopathology and Cognition
Bhattacharyya, U., John, J., Lam, M., Fisher, J., Sun, B. B., Baird, D. A., Burgess, S., Chen, C., & Lencz, T. (2025) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0033 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Minding the Gap: Exploring Neuroinflammatory and Microglial Sex Differences in Alzheimer’s Disease
Reed-Geaghan, E. G., & Keller-Norrell, P. R. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms242417377 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Cui, Y., Arnold, F. J., Li, J. S., Wu, J., Wang, D., Philippe, J., Colwin, M. R., Michels, S., Chen, C., Sallam, T., et al. (2025) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-024-02057-2 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Sex effects on gene expression across the human cerebral cortex at cell type resolution
DeCasien, A. R., Auluck, P. K., Liu, S., Feng, N., Elkahloun, A. G., Xu, Q., Marenco, S., Cookson, M., & Raznahan, A. (2026) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aea9063 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Vattathil, S. M., Gerasimov, E. S., Canon, S. M., Lori, A., Tan, S. S. M., Kim, P. J., Liu, Y., Lai, E. C., Bennett, D. A., Wingo, T. S., et al. (2024) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-024-00778-x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationAgnello, L., Gambino, C. M., Ciaccio, A. M., Giglio, R. V., Scazzone, C., Tamburello, M., Candore, G., Accardi, G., Aiello, A., Ben, F. D., et al. (2025) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm-2025-0093 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Yeung, J., DeYoung, T., Spring, S., de Guzman, A. E., Elder, M. W., Beauchamp, A., Wong, C. S., Palmert, M. R., Lerch, J. P., & Nieman, B. J. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2404042121 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Unraveling sex differences in Alzheimer's disease and related endophenotypes with brain proteomes
Mei, Z., Liu, J., Bennett, D. A., Seyfried, N., Wingo, A. P., & Wingo, T. S. (2025) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.70206 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationParisien, M., Fillingim, M., Tanguay-Sabourin, C., Roy, M., Vachon‐Presseau, É., & Diatchenko, L. B. (2025) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2025.04.013 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Shwab, E. K., Pathak, G. A., Harvey, J., Belloy, M. E., Fischer, C. E., Lutz, M. W., Scholz, S. W., Cook, N., Reid, D. M., Chen, J., et al. (2025) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.70549 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Plasma proteome adaptations during feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy
Nguyen, N. N. L., Celestra, D., Angus, L. M., Mansell, T., Shepherd, R., Kim, B. W., Arman, B. M., Cabău, G., Crișan, T. O., Joosten, L. A. B., et al. (2025) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04023-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
X‐chromosome-wide association study for Alzheimer’s disease
Borgne, J. L., Gomez, L., Heikkinen, S., Amin, N., Ahmad, S., Choi, S. H., Bis, J. C., Grenier‐Boley, B., Rodriguez, O. G., Kleineidam, L., et al. (2024) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-024-02838-5 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationJiang, D., Nan, H., Chen, Z., Zou, W., & Wu, L. (2024) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106599 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Ahi, E. P., Verta, J., Kurko, J., Ruokolainen, A., Debes, P. V., & Primmer, C. R. (2025) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/s13293-025-00705-8 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Strategies for studying sex differences in brain aging
Ansere, V. A., Kim, S., Marino, F., Morillo, K. S., Dubal, D. B., Murphy, C. T., Suh, Y., & Benayoun, B. A. (2025) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2025.02.001 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Zhu, L., Zhang, H., Wang, L., & Yang, X. (2025) · Risk Management and Healthcare Policy · doi:10.2147/rmhp.s510506 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Brain proteome changes after intracerebral hemorrhage in aged male and female mice
Kuppuswamy, S., Watson, N. J., Ledford, W. L., Pavri, B. A., Zhi, W., Gbadebo, M., Bonsack, F., Xu, H., & Sukumari‐Ramesh, S. (2025) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2025.106936 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Do, A. N., Ali, M., Timsina, J., Wang, L., Western, D., Liu, M., Sanford, J., Rosende-Roca, M., Boada, M., Puerta, R., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.03.15.24304164 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Brain microRNAs differentially expressed in age-related cerebral pathologies
Luo, T., Vattathil, S. M., Lori, A., Schneider, J. A., Bennett, D. A., Wingo, T. S., & Wingo, A. P. (2025) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.03.014 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationCao, L., Zhang, Y., Pi, W., Zhang, R. H., Yi, Z., Yong, V. W., & Xue, M. (2026) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2026.01.028 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Higher Intron Retention Levels in Female Alzheimer's Brains May Be Linked to Disease Prevalence
Choo, C., Leow, C., & Ong, C. (2025) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.14457 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Association and shared biological bases between birth weight and cortical structure
Zhang, L., Ge, Q.-Y., Sun, Z.-Y., Zhang, R., Li, X., Luo, X., Tian, R., Cao, Y.-H., Pu, C.-Y., Li, L., et al. (2025) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-025-03294-7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Genomic analyses reveal new insights into Alzheimer's diseasePreprint
Uffelmann, E., Wightman, D. P., Bahrami, S., Shadrin, A. A., Fominykh, V., Ojima, T., Jiang, C., Benner, C., Moreno, E., Campos, A. I., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.10.25337470 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Cook, N., Yang, C., Zeng, Y., Sivasankaran, S. K., Song, S., Talozzi, L., Western, D., Yang, C., Liu, Y., Guen, Y. L., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.31.25339089 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationAllopregnanolone and intrusive memories: A potential therapeutic target for PTSD treatment?
Hamzah, K. A., Lipp, O. V., & Ney, L. J. (2024) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111168 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Strohm, A. O., Oldfield, S., Hernady, E., Johnston, C. J., Marples, B., O’Banion, M. K., & Majewska, A. K. (2024) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100911 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Leveraging the Genetics of Psychiatric Disorders to Prioritize Potential Drug Targets and CompoundsPreprint
Parker, N., Koch, E. M., Shadrin, A. A., Fuhrer, J., Hindley, G., Stinson, S. E., Jaholkowski, P. P., Tesfaye, M., Dale, A. M., Wingo, T. S., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.09.24.24314069 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationKaraahmet, B., Zhang, Y., Duquesne, L., Sigalov, A., Yung, C. J., Kroshilina, A., Bennett, D. A., Taga, M. F., & Klein, H. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.11.13.623438 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationSex effects on gene expression across the human cerebral cortex at single cell resolutionPreprint
DeCasien, A. R., Auluck, P. K., Liu, S., Marenco, S., Cookson, M., & Raznahan, A. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.06.30.661781 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Zhou, F., Wang, Z., Yang, Y., & Zhang, L. (2025) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113944 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Diet-induced obesity disrupts sexually dimorphic gene expression in mice
Ribas, V., Morón‐Ros, S., Marí, H., Gracia-Batllori, A., Brugnara, L., Herrero-Gómez, A., Eyre, E., Claret, M., Marco‐Rius, I., Novials, A., et al. (2025) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00098.2025 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Integrating Multi-Omics Summary Data Identifies Candidate Molecular Mechanisms for Major Depression
Nisbet, L., Wu, Y., Adams, M., Lynall, M., Hjerling-Leffler, J., Wray, N., McIntosh, A. M., & Shen, X.-Y. (2025) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.11.024 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
OMG! A proteomic determinant of neurodegenerative resiliency
Duggan, M. R., Oh, H. S., Frank, P., Gómez, G., Zweibaum, D. A., Cui, Y., Chen, J., Surapaneni, A., Blew, C., Dark, H. E., et al. (2026) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00921-1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationLeveraging the Genetics of Psychiatric Disorders to Prioritize Potential Drug Targets and Compounds
Parker, N., Koch, E. M., Shadrin, A., Fuhrer, J., Hindley, G., Stinson, S., Jahołkowski, P., Tesfaye, M., Dale, A., Wingo, T. S., et al. (2024) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-026-02380-8 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationConnecting dementia risk loci to the CSF proteome identifies pathophysiological leads for dementia
Reus, L. M., Jansen, I. E., Tijms, B. M., Visser, P. J., Tesi, N., van der Lee, S. J., Vermunt, L., Peeters, C. F. W., Groot, L. A. D., Hok‐A‐Hin, Y. S., et al. (2024) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awae090 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Satake, E., Krolewski, B., Kobayashi, H. H., Dom, Z. I. M., Ricca, J. J., Wilson, J. M., Hoon, D. S. �., Duffin, K. L., Pezzolesi, M. G., & Królewski, A. S. (2024) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.174153 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Colbert, S. M. C., Koromina, M., Hatoum, A. S., Stephenson, M., Edwards, A. C., Johnson, E. C., Qin, X., Shabalin, A. A., Ito, L. T., O’Connell, K. S., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.22.25338076 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Takada, K., Enoki, Y., Samura, M., Igarashi, Y., Taguchi, K., Tanikawa, K., & Matsumoto, K. (2025) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2025.2486308 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Dalla, C., & Kokras, N. (2025) · Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology · doi:10.1080/17425255.2025.2597341 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Understanding Neurodegenerative Diseases From the −Omics Perspective: Lessons Learnt
Ibáñez, L., Pottier, C. P., Beric, A., Western, D., Ali, M., & Cruchaga, C. (2026) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.78170 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Women’s brain health and brain capital
Castro‐Aldrete, L., Greenfield, M., Smith, E., Eyre, H. A., Barbato, M., Pérez, L., & Chadha, A. S. (2025) · Nature Mental Health · doi:10.1038/s44220-025-00406-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Oveisgharan, S., Yu, L., Yang, J., Agrawal, S., Vialle, R. A., Lopes, K. D. P., Tasaki, S., Wang, Y., Petyuk, V., Young‐Pearse, T. L., et al. (2025) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000214024 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationAn X Chromosome Transcriptome Wide Association Study Implicates ARMCX6 in Alzheimer’s Disease
Zhang, X., Gomez, L., Below, J. E., Naj, A. C., Martin, E. R., Kunkle, B. W., & Bush, W. S. (2024) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-231075 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1, amyloid-β, and tau tangles in older adults
Oveisgharan, S., Yu, L., Lopes, K. D. P., Petyuk, V., Tasaki, S., Vialle, R. A., Menon, V., Wang, Y., Jager, P. L. D., Schneider, J. A., et al. (2024) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-024-06272-9 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationBhattacharyya, U., John, J., Lam, M., Fisher, J., Sun, B. B., Baird, D. A., Chen, C., & Lencz, T. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.01.18.24301455 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Top‐Down Proteomics Study of Aging and Sexual Dimorphism of Zebrafish Brains
Askarani, M. F., Poulos, W., Dashtaki, M. R., Sadeghi, S., Cibelli, J., Fang, F., & Sun, L.-L. (2025) · Journal of Mass Spectrometry · doi:10.1002/jms.70009 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Xu, R., Song, W., & Zhang, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2026.1767927 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Leveraging sex-genetic interactions to understand brain disorders: recent advances and current gaps
Neale, N., Lona‐Durazo, F., Ryten, M., & Taliun, S. A. G. (2024) · Brain Communications · doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcae192 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sex differences in the cancer proteome
Zhu, C., Zeltser, N., Oh, J., Li, C. H., & Boutros, P. C. (2026) · BMJ Oncology · doi:10.1136/bmjonc-2026-001130 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bhak, Y., Raptis, V., He, Y., Nakanishi, T., Macdonald-Dunlop, E., Sagiya, Y., Morisaki, T., Matsuda, K., BioBank Japan Project, The Japan COVID-19 Task Force, et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-10031-z · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Song, S., Do, A. N., Wang, L., Heo, G., Kwon, J., Western, D., Yang, S. J., Timsina, J., Liu, M., Budde, J., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.29.25339064 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Western, D., Yang, C., Timsina, J., Liu, M., Wang, C., Campbell, M. C., Kotzbauer, P., Perlmutter, J. S., Schindler, S. E., Morris, J. C., et al. (2026) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adz2016 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sichlinger, L., Wulf, M., Guerrisi, S., Polit, L. D., Chennell, G., Nagy, R., Matulevičiūtė, R., Nasser, F., Farkas, S., Bamford, R. A., et al. (2026) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aea0755 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ye, F., Huang, Y., Li, N., Hao, L., Deng, J., Li, S., Yue, J., Yu, F., & Hu, X. (2025) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2025.112789 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Huang, Y., Kurniansyah, N., Levey, D. F., Gelernter, J. E., Huffman, J. E., Cho, K., Wilson, P. W. F., Gottlieb, D. J., Rice, K. M., & Sofer, T. (2025) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2025.07.015 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Identification of potential therapeutic targets for problematic alcohol use using multi-omics data
Lee, D. J., Song, M., Lim, S., Park, S., Kim, H., Ahn, Y., Choi, F., Myung, W., & Won, H. (2025) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105939 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Li, N., Wang, J., Chen, S., & Li, T. (2026) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox15020233 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Proteomic Signatures Related to Physical Activity Are Associated with Risks of Future Disease
Huang, S., Long, G., Li, G. X., Dai, S., Li, G., HE, Z., Chen, Y., LU, Q., Huang, H., ZHANG, A., et al. (2026) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003909 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Honeywell, K. M., Gerson, J. O., Erdal, M. K., McDonough, M. H., Stocco, M. R., Leung, K. K., Emmons, N. A., Gibson, J. M., Bui, K. N., Meiring, W., et al. (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-026-02486-z · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Proteogenomics in human populations.
Zhai, R.-R., Mälarstig, A., & Shen, X. (2026) · Nature reviews genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-026-00998-4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Brain Cell Type–Specific Chromatin Accessibility in Schizophrenia
Ma, Y., Girdhar, K., Hoffman, G. E., Fullard, J. F., Bendl, J. M., & Roussos, P. (2025) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.09.016 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ahi, E. P., Verta, J., Kurko, J., Ruokolainen, A., Debes, P. V., & Primmer, C. R. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.10.21.619349 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Obesity- and age-dependent genetic regulation of the plasma proteome in children and adolescentsPreprint
Thielemann, R., Stinson, S. E., Huang, Y., Holm, L. A., Gräf, J. F., Rohde, P. D., Møller, P. L., Poggi, A. I., Anderson, L. V., Fonvig, C. E., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.03.18.25324169 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
CSF proteogenomics implicates novel proteins and humoral immunity in Alzheimer’s disease riskPreprint
Wingo, A. P., Liu, Y., Mei, Z. L., Wang, M., Vattathil, S., Gerasimov, E. S., Shantaraman, A., Wu, F., Duong, D. M., Fox, E. J., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.09.21.25336297 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationAnisman, H., Hayley, S. P., & Kusnecov, A. W. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-23565-8.00006-5
(2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-23565-8.09996-8
Hamzah, K. A. (2024) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.254327
Huang, Y.-F., & Huang, K.-L. (2026) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-026-08266-z
Mei, Z. L., Wingo, A. P., & Wingo, T. S. (2025) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.70724
Self-citationKim, J., Kim, G. H., Kang, K., Kim, H. J., Suh, J., Yoon, B., Cho, H., Pyun, J., Park, Y. H., Choe, H. K., et al. (2025) · Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders · doi:10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.209
Blakeley, N., Naz, S., Liu, Z., Renner, T. M., Leclerc, S., Comin, C. H., da Silva, M. V., Vergette, C., Porter, C. J., Perkins, T. J., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.16.694710
Sex and gender in human brain evolution
Reynolds, A. Z., & DeCasien, A. R. (2025) · Evolution of Nervous Systems · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-27380-3.00072-5
Investigating gender differences in Alzheimer's disease
Fouad, G. I., Ando, H., & Ichihara, G. (2026) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1177/13872877251410204
Pehova, Y., Apella, S., Kolobkov, D. S., Malinowski, A. R., Pawlowski, M., Strivens, M. A., Sardell, J. M., & Gardner, S. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.03.03.26347534
Genetic and Proteomic Investigation of the Smoking-Parkinson’s Disease AssociationPreprint
Shi, M., Gunawan, T., Setzer, M. R., Okashah, N., Liu, Y., Wingo, T. S., Wingo, A. P., Weintraub, D., Schwarzschild, M. A., Rentsch, C. T., et al. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.04.17.26351138
Self-citationLin, X., Zhong, L., Ma, R., Li, Z., & Zhao, J. S. (2026) · Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual · doi:10.31083/bp44481
Proteomic analysis in Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias: a focus on sex-specific differences
Comas‐Albertí, A., Lladó, A., Esteller, D., Borrego‐Écija, S., Falgàs, N., Dakterzada, F., Pérez‐Millan, A., Puey, R., Collet-Romà, T., Guillén, N., et al. (2026) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-026-02068-7
BMI-genome interactions regulate global gene expression with emphasis in brain and gut
Signer, R. H., Seah, C., Young, H., Townsley, K. G., Ciarcia, J., de Pins, A. M., Cote, A. C., Lee, S. H., Jia, M., Johnson, J., et al. (2026) · Cell Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2026.101280
Sex-biased Genetic Risk Loci and Causal Brain Proteins in Parkinson’s DiseasePreprint
Cook, N., Zeng, Y., Fu, T., Yang, C., Sivasankaran, S. K., Nguyen, P., FinnGen, Wingo, A. P., Wingo, T. S., Foo, J. N., et al. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.06.23.26356345
Self-citationSirtuin proteins: structure, functions, and evolutionary insights
Sachan, N., Varshney, P. K., Chandra, P., & Singh, P. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-45380-9.00015-8
Sex-stratified insights into the genetics of brain volumes in late adulthood
Breton, É., Tissink, E., Bon, G. M., van der Meer, D., Andreassen, O. A., & Kaufmann, T. (2026) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/s13293-026-00943-4
Ayubcha, C., Dennis, E., Bhattacharyya, U., John, J., Lam, M., Lencz, T., Ge, T., & Chen, C. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.07.13.26358006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
CSF proteomic quantitative trait loci mapping reveals genetic insights into Alzheimer’s disease
Reus, L. M., Jiang, C., Vilor‐Tejedor, N., Boltz, T. A., Yigit, A., Gobom, J., Vos, S. J. B., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., Martinez-Lage, P., et al. (2026) · Molecular Neurodegeneration Advances · doi:10.1186/s44477-026-00048-7
Qu, J., Yang, J., Li, W., Zeng, X., He, X., Guo, H., Lu, J., Jiang, X., Zhuang, X., Qian, C., et al. (2026) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2026.08.022
Alzheimer’s disease genetics converges on microglial and neuronal dysregulation
Uffelmann, E., Wightman, D. P., Bahrami, S., Shadrin, A. A., Fominykh, V., Ojima, T., Jiang, C., Benner, C., Moreno, E., Campos, A. I., et al. (2026) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-026-11206-y
- Authors
- Wingo, A. P., Liu, Y., Gerasimov, E. S., Vattathil, S. M., Liu, J., Cutler, D. J., Epstein, M. P., Blokland, G. A. M., Thambisetty, M., Troncoso, J. C., Duong, D. M., Bennett, D. A., Levey, A. I., Seyfried, N. T., & Wingo, T. S.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wingo, Aliza P.
- Wingo, Thomas S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2023-08-31
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2224-2232
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- PMC
- PMC10504083
- OpenAlex
- W4386324900
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 24.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (IK4BX005219, I01 BX005686, I01BX003853, IK2 CX000601)
- National Institutes of Health (1rf1ag071170-01)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG017917, R01AG056533, RF1 AG071170, U19AG033655, R01AG015819, P30AG010161, U01AG061357, U01AG061356, U54AG065187, P30AG066507, R01AG072120, R01AG079170, R01AG075827, R01AG087250, P30AG066511, P30AG072975)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Keywords
- sex differences, brain proteome, sex-biased gene expression, protein abundance, mental illness, neurological disorders
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Female, Humans, Male, Phenotype, Sex Characteristics, Multifactorial Inheritance, Genome-Wide Association Study
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
