Omega-3 fatty acids correlate with gut microbiome diversity and production of N-carbamylglutamate in middle aged and elderly women
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Abstract Omega-3 fatty acids may influence human physiological parameters in part by affecting the gut microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate the links between omega-3 fatty acids, gut microbiome diversity and composition and faecal metabolomic profiles in middle aged and elderly women. We analysed data from 876 twins with 16S microbiome data and DHA, total omega-3, and other circulating fatty acids. Estimated food intake of omega-3 fatty acids were obtained from food frequency questionnaires. Both total omega-3and DHA serum levels were significantly correlated with microbiome alpha diversity (Shannon index) after adjusting for confounders (DHA Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.04), P = 0.0006 total omega-3: 0.13(0.04), P = 0.001). These associations remained significant after adjusting for dietary fibre intake. We found even stronger associations between DHA and 38 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), the strongest ones being with OTUs from the Lachnospiraceae family (Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.03), P = 8 × 10 −7 ). Some of the associations with gut bacterial OTUs appear to be mediated by the abundance of the faecal metabolite N-carbamylglutamate. Our data indicate a link between omega-3 circulating levels/intake and microbiome composition independent of dietary fibre intake, particularly with bacteria of the Lachnospiraceae family. These data suggest the potential use of omega-3 supplementation to improve the microbiome composition.
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In humans, healthier polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., omega-3 PUFAs) promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, including butyrate producers such as Lactobacillus, Lachnospira, Roseburia, and Bifidobacterium, and are correlated with higher microbial diversity as well as taxa from the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae.
“In humans, healthier polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., omega-3 PUFAs) promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, including butyrate producers such as Lactobacillus, Lachnospira, Roseburia, and Bifidobacterium (81), and are correlated with higher microbial diversity as well as taxa from the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae (82).”
From Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
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Microbiome Therapeutics: A Path Toward Sustainable Healthcare
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- Authors
- Menni, C., Zierer, J., Pallister, T., Jackson, M. A., Long, T., Mohney, R. P., Steves, C. J., Spector, T. D., & Valdes, A. M.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (US)
- Metabolon (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Valdes, Ana M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-09-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11079-11079
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5593975
- OpenAlex
- W2751449101
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 8.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Site cant be reached (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (FP7/2007–2013, MR/M016560/1)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (FP7/2007–2013, NF-SI-0507-10228, MR/M016560/1, NF-SI-0514-10027)
- King's College London
- European Commission (2007–2013, FP7 2007-2013, 603946, FP7/2007, MR/M016560/1)
- University of Nottingham
- National Institutes of Health (FP7/2007-2013, 1dp2od007444-01)
- Medical Research Council (FP7/20072013, MR/N030125/1, MR/N01183X/1, MR/M016560/1)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK093595)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid, gut microbiota diversity, N-carbamylglutamate, fecal metabolomics, Lachnospiraceae, middle-aged women, older women, dietary fiber intake, serum fatty acids, dietary intake, twins, omega-3 supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Feces, Female, Glutamates, Humans, Middle Aged, Biomarkers, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Biodiversity, Metabolomics, Metabolome
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