Genetic aetiology of self-harm ideation and behaviour
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Family studies have identified a heritable component to self-harm that is partially independent from comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, the genetic aetiology of broad sense (non-suicidal and suicidal) self-harm has not been characterised on the molecular level. In addition, controversy exists about the degree to which suicidal and non-suicidal self-harm share a common genetic aetiology. In the present study, we conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on lifetime self-harm ideation and self-harm behaviour (i.e. any lifetime self-harm act regardless of suicidal intent) using data from the UK Biobank (n > 156,000). We also perform genome wide gene-based tests and characterize the SNP heritability and genetic correlations between these traits. Finally, we test whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for self-harm ideation and self-harm behaviour predict suicide attempt, suicide thoughts and non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH) in an independent target sample of 8,703 Australian adults. Our GWAS results identified one genome-wide significant locus associated with each of the two phenotypes. SNP heritability (hsnp2) estimates were ~10%, and both traits were highly genetically correlated (LDSC r g > 0.8). Gene-based tests identified seven genes associated with self-harm ideation and four with self-harm behaviour. Furthermore, in the target sample, PRS for self-harm ideation were significantly associated with suicide thoughts and NSSH, and PRS for self-harm behaviour predicted suicide thoughts and suicide attempt. Follow up regressions identified a shared genetic aetiology between NSSH and suicide thoughts, and between suicide thoughts and suicide attempt. Evidence for shared genetic aetiology between NSSH and suicide attempt was not statistically significant.
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Heritability of fatal or nonfatal suicidal behavior and even ideation is moderate.
“Human genetic studies have made three major observations: 1) heritability of fatal or nonfatal suicidal behavior and even ideation is moderate; 2) heritability of suicidal behavior is independent of major psychiatric syndromes; and 3) heritability of suicidal behavior is mediated by many gene variants of small effect (44-47).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [45]
Heritability of suicidal behavior is mediated by many gene variants of small effect.
“Human genetic studies have made three major observations: 1) heritability of fatal or nonfatal suicidal behavior and even ideation is moderate; 2) heritability of suicidal behavior is independent of major psychiatric syndromes; and 3) heritability of suicidal behavior is mediated by many gene variants of small effect (44-47).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [45]
Heritability of suicidal behavior is independent of major psychiatric syndromes.
“Human genetic studies have made three major observations: 1) heritability of fatal or nonfatal suicidal behavior and even ideation is moderate; 2) heritability of suicidal behavior is independent of major psychiatric syndromes; and 3) heritability of suicidal behavior is mediated by many gene variants of small effect (44-47).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [45]
Suicide is moderately heritable independently of the heritability of major psychiatric disorders.
“Suicide is moderately heritable independently of the heritability of major psychiatric disorders (45, 46).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Authors
- Campos, A. I., Verweij, K. J. H., Statham, D. J., Madden, P. A. F., Maciejewski, D. F., Davis, K. A. S., John, A., Hotopf, M., Heath, A. C., Martin, N. G., & Rentería, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers (NL)
- Federation University (AU)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- King's College London (GB)
- Swansea University (GB)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Rentería, Miguel E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2020-06-16
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9713-9713
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7297971
- OpenAlex
- W3035476967
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 94
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 4.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
- Stichting Volksbond Rotterdam
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0515-10102)
- King's College London
- University of Queensland
- National Institutes of Health (389875, AA0758O, AA11998, DA012854, AA07728)
- Medical Research Council (GNT1102821, MC_PC_17228)
- Australian Research Council (A79906588, DP0770096, A 79801419, 389875, A7960034, DP0212016, A7960034, A79906588, A79801419, DP0770096, DP0212016 and DP0343921, DP0343921, GNT1102821)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (A7960034, 496739, A79906588, 628911, 389927, 389891, 552485, 1047956, DP0212016, 552498, 442981, 1102821, 1042580, 389938, 25331, 241944, 339462, 442915, 389875, DA019951, A79801419, DP0770096, 389892)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R37AA007728, K05AA017688, R01AA010249, R01AA013321, P50AA011998, R01AA007728, R01AA013326, R01AA013320, R01AA014041, R01AA007535)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R56DA012854, R01DA023668, R01DA018660, R01DA018267, K08DA019951, K21DA000272, R01DA012854, T32DA007261)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- self-harm, non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal self-harm, self-harm ideation, suicide attempts, genetic aetiology, polygenic risk score, genetic correlation, SNP heritability, gene-based association, genetic overlap
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Australia, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Databases, Genetic, Genome-Wide Association Study, Suicidal Ideation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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