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Cited by 186Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesHomicide, Infanticide, and Child AbuseInjury Epidemiology and Prevention

Predictors of non-suicidal self-injury versus attempted suicide: similar or different?

Wichstr⊘m, Lars·2009·Archives of Suicide Research
DOI 10.1080/13811110902834992
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Abstract

A nationally representative sample of Norwegian high school students (ages 14 to 19, N = 2,924) completed self-reports in school about non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicide attempt (SA), and risk and protective factors. They were re-examined 5 years later. In all 2.2% reported NSSI with no SA during the follow-up period and 3.2% reported SA. Several risk and protective factors were common to NSSI and SA: previous SA, young age, debut of sexual intercourse before the age of 15, and non-heterosexual sexual interest. However, other risk and protective factors were unique to NSSI or SA: Previous NSSI increased the risk for future NSSI whereas satisfaction with social support protected against later NSSI. Suicidal ideation increased the risk for SA whereas attachment to parents protected against it. NSSI did not increase the risk of future SA. NSSI and SA may be thus conceived of as only partly overlapping phenomena, and not necessarily just representing different degrees of suicidality.

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  • Of the six studies to measure suicide attempt, the only study to report a significant association with loneliness and suicide attempt was Wichstrøm (2009).

    “Of the six studies to measure suicide attempt, the only study to report a significant association with loneliness and suicide attempt was Wichstrøm (2009)”

    From Loneliness as a predictor of suicidal ideation and behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies (2020) · cites this paper as Wichstrøm (2009)

  • Six studies (seven analyses) explored the unadjusted relationship between loneliness and suicidal behaviour, with only two finding a significant association; these two were the only studies to include self-harm without suicidal intent as an outcome variable.

    “Six studies (seven analyses) explored the unadjusted relationship between loneliness and suicidal behaviour with only two of these studies finding a significant loneliness- suicidal behaviour association; these studies were also the only two studies to include self-harm without suicidal intent as an outcome variable”

    From Loneliness as a predictor of suicidal ideation and behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies (2020) · cites this paper as Wichstrøm, 2009

  • Of the seven studies to measure suicidal behaviour, three identified a significant association; this included the three studies where self-harm was included as an outcome variable.

    “Of the seven studies to measure suicidal behaviour, three identified a significant association; this included the three studies where self-harm was included as an outcome variable (Junker et al., 2017; Nickel et al., 2006; Wichstrøm, 2009).”

    From Loneliness as a predictor of suicidal ideation and behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies (2020) · cites this paper as Wichstrøm, 2009

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Authors
Wichstr⊘m, L.
Venue
Archives of Suicide Research
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2009-04-15
Volume
13
Issue
2
Pages
105-122
ISSN
  • 1381-1118 (ISSN-L)
  • 1543-6136
DOI
10.1080/13811110902834992
OpenAlex
W1974767812
Cited by
186
References
69
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 17
FWCI
9.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of Suicide Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
Keywords
non-suicidal self-injury, suicide attempts, adolescents, risk factors, protective factors, suicidal ideation, social support, parental attachment, sexual initiation, sexual orientation, longitudinal follow-up
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Personal Satisfaction, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Self Concept, Sexual Behavior, Social Support, Students, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior, Young Adult

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