SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalization, severity, criticality, and fatality rates in Qatar
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Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality as well as severe economic and societal disruptions. Despite scientific progress, true infection severity, factoring both diagnosed and undiagnosed infections, remains poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate SARS-CoV-2 age-stratified and overall morbidity and mortality rates based on analysis of extensive epidemiological data for the pervasive epidemic in Qatar, a country where < 9% of the population are ≥ 50 years. We show that SARS-CoV-2 severity and fatality demonstrate a striking age dependence with low values for those aged < 50 years, but rapidly growing rates for those ≥ 50 years. Age dependence was particularly pronounced for infection criticality rate and infection fatality rate. With Qatar’s young population, overall SARS-CoV-2 severity and fatality were not high with < 4 infections in every 1000 being severe or critical and < 2 in every 10,000 being fatal. Only 13 infections in every 1000 received any hospitalization in acute-care-unit beds and < 2 in every 1000 were hospitalized in intensive-care-unit beds. However, we show that these rates would have been much higher if Qatar’s population had the demographic structure of Europe or the United States. Epidemic expansion in nations with young populations may lead to considerably lower disease burden than currently believed.
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Case numbers were insufficient to estimate the duration of protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death for each Omicron subvariant separately.
“With the lower severity of Omicron infections24,25 and the young population of Qatar15,26, case numbers were insufficient to estimate the duration of protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death for each subvariant separately.”
From Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- Seedat, S., Chemaitelly, H., Ayoub, H. H., Makhoul, M., Mumtaz, G. R., Al Kanaani, Z., Al Khal, A., Al Kuwari, E., Butt, A. A., Coyle, P., Jeremijenko, A., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., Shaik, R. M., Yassine, H. M., Al Kuwari, M. G., Al Romaihi, H. E., Al-Thani, M. H., Bertollini, R., & Abu-Raddad, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Qatar University (QA)
- American University of Beirut (LB)
- Hamad Medical Corporation (QA)
- Ministry of Public Health (QA)
- Corresponding author
- Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2021-09-14
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18182-18182
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8440606
- OpenAlex
- W3201267399
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- UK Research and Innovation as part of the Global Challenges Research Fund (Grant number ES/P010873/1)
- Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP grant number 9-040-3-008)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, age-stratified mortality, infection fatality rate, hospitalization rates, critical illness, age structure, disease burden, Qatar, intensive care unit admission
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Qatar, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Rate, Young Adult
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