Structural-functional brain network coupling during cognitive demand reveals intelligence-relevant communication strategies
Open accessAbstract
Intelligence is a broad mental capability influencing human performance across tasks. Individual differences in intelligence have been linked to characteristics of structural and functional brain networks. Here, we consider their alignment, the structural-functional brain network coupling (SC-FC coupling) during resting state and during active cognition, to predict general intelligence. Using diffusion-weighted and functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 764 participants of the Human Connectome Project (replication: N 1 = 126, N 2 = 180), we model SC-FC coupling with similarity and communication measures that capture functional interactions unfolding on top of structural brain networks. By accounting for variations in brain region-specific neural signaling strategies, we show that individual differences in SC-FC coupling patterns predict individual intelligence scores. Most robust predictions result from cognitively demanding tasks and task combinations. Our study suggests the existence of an intrinsic SC-FC coupling organization enabling fine-drawn intelligence-relevant adaptations that support efficient information processing by facilitating brain region-specific adjustment to external task demands.
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More recent analyses show that structure-function coupling is regionally heterogeneous, changes across development, and relates to cognitive performance, implying that physical wiring constrains but does not determine brain dynamics.
“More recent analyses show that structure–function coupling is regionally heterogeneous, changes across development, and relates to cognitive performance, implying that physical wiring constrains but does not determine brain dynamics (G. Feng et al., 2024; Popp et al., 2025).”
From 40 Years of diffusion MRI in the brain: From history to emerging frontiers (2026) · cites this paper as Popp et al., 2025
The Results and Discussion (page numbers unavailable in our copy) describe regional differences in coupling, task-dependent adaptations, and associations with intelligence. These support the claim that structural wiring shapes but does not fully determine functional dynamics. The paper does not report developmental changes in coupling; its Methods describe young-adult samples, and development appears only in reference titles. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Self-citationRomán, F. J., Abad, F. J., Escorial, S., Burgaleta, M., Martínez, K., Álvarez‐Linera, J., Quiroga, M. Á., Karama, S., Haier, R. J., & Colom, R. (2014) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.22438 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
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Self-citationThe biological basis of intelligence: Benchmark findings
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Self-citationNetwork Neuroscience Methods for Studying Intelligence
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Self-citationThe Neuroscience of Intelligence
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Put the name of your experiment here
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Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
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Nutrition and Mental Health: Advances in Nutritional Cognitive Neuroscience
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“More recent analyses show that structure– function coupling is regionally heterogeneous, changes across development, and relates to cognitive performance, implying that physical wiring constrains but does not determine brain dynamics ( G. Feng et al., 2024; Popp et al., 2025).”
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Biphasic acclimation for simultaneous wide-field fluorescent Ca2+ imaging and fMRI of awake mice
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- Authors
- Popp, J. L., Thiele, J. A., Faskowitz, J., Seguin, C., Sporns, O., & Hilger, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Popp, Johanna L.
- Hilger, Kirsten
- Venue
- Communications Biology
- Published
- 2025-06-04
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 855-855
- ISSN
- 2399-3642 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12137705
- OpenAlex
- W4411041856
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 3
- FWCI
- 9.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Communications Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (HI 2185 – 1/3)
- Publikationsfond der Universität Würzburg
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- general intelligence, individual differences in intelligence, resting-state brain networks, task demands, cognitive demand, communication strategies, diffusion-weighted imaging, functional MRI, Human Connectome Project
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Cognition, Communication, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Young Adult, Connectome
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