Cited by 360DNA Repair MechanismsEffects of Radiation ExposureProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling

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ATR‐dependent phosphorylation and activation of ATM in response to UV treatment or replication fork stalling

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Stiff, Thomas, Walker, Sarah A, Cerosaletti, Karen, Goodarzi, Aaron A, Petermann, Eva, Concannon, Pat, O'Driscoll, Mark, Jeggo, Penny A·2006·The EMBO Journal

DOI 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601446PMC PMC1698893

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Abstract

The phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase-like kinases (PIKKs), ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) regulate parallel damage response signalling pathways. ATM is reported to be activated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), whereas ATR is recruited to single-stranded regions of DNA. Although the two pathways were considered to function independently, recent studies have demonstrated that ATM functions upstream of ATR following exposure to ionising radiation (IR) in S/G2. Here, we show that ATM phosphorylation at Ser1981, a characterised autophosphorylation site, is ATR-dependent and ATM-independent following replication fork stalling or UV treatment. In contrast to IR-induced ATM-S1981 phosphorylation, UV-induced ATM-S1981 phosphorylation does not require the Nbs1 C-terminus or Mre11. ATR-dependent phosphorylation of ATM activates ATM phosphorylation of Chk2, which has an overlapping function with Chk1 in regulating G2/M checkpoint arrest. Our findings provide insight into the interplay between the PIKK damage response pathways.

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Authors: Stiff, T., Walker, S. A., Cerosaletti, K., Goodarzi, A. A., Petermann, E., Concannon, P., O'Driscoll, M., & Jeggo, P. A.
Affiliations: University of Sussex (GB)
Benaroya Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Jeggo, Penny A
ORCID: Cerosaletti, Karen
Goodarzi, Aaron A
Petermann, Eva
Jeggo, Penny A
Venue: The EMBO Journal
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2006-11-23
Volume: 25
Issue: 24
Pages: 5775-5782
ISSN: 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
1460-2075
DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601446
PMC: PMC1698893
OpenAlex: W2018458310
Cited by: 360
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 13.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Cancer Institute (CA 57569, R01CA057569)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
Keywords: ATM, ATR, ATM phosphorylation, replication fork stalling, UV-induced DNA damage, Chk2 phosphorylation, NBS1, MRE11, DNA double-strand breaks, single-stranded DNA
MeSH terms: Checkpoint Kinase 1, Animals, DNA Replication, DNA-Binding Proteins, Enzyme Activation, Fibroblasts, Histones, Humans, Hydroxyurea, Mitosis, Models, Biological, Nuclear Proteins, Phosphoproteins, Phosphorylation, Phosphoserine, Protein Kinases, Ultraviolet Rays, G2 Phase, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Cell Cycle Proteins, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Mice, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins, Checkpoint Kinase 2

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ATR‐dependent phosphorylation and activation of ATM in response to UV treatment or replication fork stalling

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