ATM- and cell cycle-dependent regulation of ATR in response to DNA double-strand breaks
Abstract
It is generally thought that the DNA-damage checkpoint kinases, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR), work independently of one another. Here, we show that ATM and the nuclease activity of meiotic recombination 11 (Mre11) are required for the processing of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) to generate the replication protein A (RPA)-coated ssDNA that is needed for ATR recruitment and the subsequent phosphorylation and activation of Chk1. Moreover, we show that efficient ATM-dependent ATR activation in response to DSBs is restricted to the S and G2 cell cycle phases and requires CDK kinase activity. Thus, in response to DSBs, ATR activation is regulated by ATM in a cell-cycle dependent manner.
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ATR can also be recruited to DSBs, and this binding depends on ATM.
“The situation is somewhat complicated by the finding that ATR can be also recruited to DSBs and this binding depends upon ATM [41,42].”
From Mind the gap: keeping UV lesions in check (2011) · cites this paper as [41]
ATM is essential for double-strand break-induced ATR activation in S and G2 phases but not in G1 phase.
“Furthermore, ATM is essential for DSB-induced ATR activation in the S and G2 phases of cell cycle, but not in the G1 phase [140].”
From Functional interplay between ATM/ATR-mediated DNA damage response and DNA repair pathways in oxidative stress (2014) · cites this paper as [140]
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- Authors
- Jazayeri, A., Falck, J., Lukas, C., Bartek, J., Smith, G. C. M., Lukas, J., & Jackson, S. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Danish Cancer Society (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Jackson, Stephen P.
- Venue
- Nature Cell Biology
- Published
- 2005-12-04
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-45
- ISSN
- 1465-7392 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4679
- OpenAlex
- W2062284662
- Cited by
- 1,064
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 79 · 2012: 65
- FWCI
- 25.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Keywords
- ATM, ATR, DNA double-strand breaks, DNA damage checkpoint, Mre11 nuclease, Chk1 phosphorylation, cell cycle regulation, meiotic recombination
- MeSH terms
- Checkpoint Kinase 1, MRE11 Homologue Protein, Cell Cycle, Cell Nucleus, DNA Damage, DNA-Binding Proteins, HeLa Cells, Humans, Nuclear Proteins, Phosphorylation, Protein Kinases, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Cell Cycle Proteins, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Cell Line, Tumor, Replication Protein A, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins
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