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Cited by 413

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Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Regulation of Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability

Open access
Stamatovic, Svetlana M, Shakui, Parvin, Keep, Richard F, Moore, Bethany B, Kunkel, Steven L, Van Rooijen, Nico, Andjelkovic, Anuska V·2005·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

Abstract

The present study was designed to elucidate the effects of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) on blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Experiments were conducted under in vitro conditions (coculture of brain endothelial cells and astrocytes) to study the cellular effects of MCP-1 and under in vivo conditions (intracerebral and intracerebroventricular administration of MCP-1) to study the potential contribution of MCP-1 to BBB disruption in vivo. Our results showed that MCP-1 induces a significant increase in the BBB permeability surface area product for fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-albumin under in vivo conditions, particularly during prolonged (3 or 7 days) exposure (0.096±0.008 versus 0.031±0.005 μL/g min in controls at 3 days, P<0.001). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 also enhanced (17-fold compared with control) the permeability of the in vitro BBB (coculture) model. At the cellular level, MCP-1 causes alteration of tight junction (TJ) proteins in endothelial cells (redistribution of TJ proteins determined by Western blotting and loss of immunostaining for occludin, claudin-5, ZO-1, ZO-2). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced alterations in BBB permeability are mostly realized through the CCR2 receptor. Absence of CCR2 diminishes any effect of MCP-1 on BBB permeability in vitro and in vivo. The permeability surface area product for FITC-albumin after 3 days exposure to MCP-1 was 0.096±0.006 and 0.032±0.007 μL/g min, in CCR2+/+ and CCR2−/− mice, respectively ( P<0.001). Monocytes/macrophages also participate in MCP-1-induced alterations in BBB permeability in vivo. Monocytes/macrophages depletion (by clodronate liposomes) reduced the effect of MCP-1 on BBB permeability in vivo ∼2 fold. Our results suggest that, besides its main function of recruiting leukocytes at sites of inflammation, MCP-1 also plays a role in ‘opening’ the BBB.

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Crossref · 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600055

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Metadata

Authors
Stamatovic, S. M., Shakui, P., Keep, R. F., Moore, B. B., Kunkel, S. L., Van Rooijen, N., & Andjelkovic, A. V.
Venue
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
Published
2005-05
Volume
25
Issue
5
Pages
593-606
ISSN
  • 0271-678X (ISSN-L)
  • 1559-7016
OpenAlex
W1988551550
Cited by
413
References
1
FWCI
10.90
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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