Dopaminergic system genes in childhood aggression: Possible role for DRD2
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Excessive or deficient levels of extracellular dopamine have been hypothesized to contribute to a broad spectrum of mood, motor, and thought abnormalities, and dopaminergic system genes have been implicated in aggressive behaviour from animal and human studies. OBJECTIVE. We examined selected members of the dopaminergic system genes for association with child aggression. METHOD: We analyzed polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter DAT1/SLC6A3, dopamine receptor DRD2, and DRD4 genes in our sample of pervasive childhood aggression consisting of 144 cases paired with 144 healthy controls, matched for sex and ethnicity. RESULTS: Aggressive children were significantly more likely to have the at least one copy of the G allele for the DRD2 A-241G polymorphism (genotypic P=0.02; allelic P=0.01). The DRD2 rs1079598 CC genotype was overrepresented in aggressive children compared to controls (genotype P=0.04). The DRD2 TaqIA T allele (P=0.01) and the TT genotype (P=0.01) were also significantly overrepresented in aggressive children. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results suggest that three polymorphisms in DRD2 are associated with childhood aggression. Future studies are required to replicate the current results and to further explore the relationship between the dopamine system and aggressive behaviour in children.
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The DRD4 VNTR was not associated with externalizing behavior in a longitudinal community sample of 87 boys, within an earlier sample of 48 clinically referred aggressive boys, or in a later sample of 144 high aggression child cases and adult controls.
“The VNTR was not associated with externalizing behavior in a longitudinal community sample of 87 boys [81], within our earlier sample of 48 clinically referred aggressive boys [81], or our later sample of 144 high aggression child cases and adult controls [82].”
From Genetics of child aggression, a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [82]
DRD2 rs1799978 (A-241G) G-allele carrying genotypes, rs1079598 C/C genotype, and rs1800497 (TaqIA) T/T genotype were overrepresented in high aggression cases compared to adult controls.
“Besides COMT and DRD4, only few other dopamine system genes have been examined in child aggression, with our group reporting that DRD2 rs1799978 (A-241G) G-allele carrying genotypes, rs1079598 C/C genotype, and rs1800497 (TaqIA) T/T genotype were overrepresented in high aggression cases compared to adult controls [82].”
From Genetics of child aggression, a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [82]
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Hirata, Y., Zai, C. C., Nowrouzi, B., Beitchman, J. H., & Kennedy, J. L. (2013) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/ab.21448 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationGrønnestad, R., Johanson, S. M., Müller, M. H. B., Schlenk, D., Tanabe, P., Krøkje, Å., Jaspers, V. L. B., Jenssen, B. M., Ræder, E. M., Lyche, J. L., et al. (2021) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2021.115670 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Genetics of child aggression, a systematic review
Koyama, E., Kant, T., Takata, A., Kennedy, J. L., & Zai, C. C. (2024) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-024-02870-7 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationKant, T., Koyama, E., Zai, C. C., Beitchman, J. H., & Kennedy, J. L. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23031782 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Zai, C. C., Ehtesham, S., Choi, E., Nowrouzi, B., de Luca, V., Stankovich, L., Davidge, K., Freeman, N., King, N., Kennedy, J. L., & Beitchman, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Kennedy, James L.
- Beitchman, Joseph H.
- Venue
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-01-19
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 65-74
- ISSN
- 1562-2975 (ISSN-L)
- 1814-1412
- OpenAlex
- W2138529364
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- child aggression, DRD2, dopamine D2 receptor, DRD4, dopamine transporter, genetic polymorphism, TaqIA polymorphism, genetic association
- MeSH terms
- Aggression, Canada, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Dopamine, Female, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Genetic, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Receptors, Dopamine D4
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