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Cited by 566Nutrition and Health in AgingFrailty in Older AdultsBody Composition Measurement Techniques

Weight Change in Old Age and its Association with Mortality

Newman, Anne B., Yanez, David, Harris, Tamara, Duxbury, Andrew, Enright, Paul L., Fried, Linda P., for the Cardiovascular Study Research Group·2001·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
DOI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49258.x
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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies of weight change and mortality in older adults have relied on self‐reported weight loss, have not evaluated weight gain, or have had limited information on health status. Our objective was to determine whether 5% weight gain or loss in 3 years was predictive of mortality in a large sample of older adults. DESIGN: Longitudinal observational cohort study. SETTING: Four U.S. communities. PARTICIPANTS: Four thousand seven hundred fourteen community‐dwelling older adults, age 65 and older. MEASUREMENTS: Weight gain or loss of 5% in a 3‐year period was examined in relationship to baseline health status and interim health events. Risk for subsequent mortality was estimated in those with weight loss or weight gain compared with the group whose weight was stable. RESULTS: Weight changes occurred in 34.6% of women and 27.3% of men, with weight loss being more frequent than gain. Weight loss was associated with older age, black race, higher weight, lower waist circumference, current smoking, stroke, any hospitalization, death of a spouse, activities of daily living disability, lower grip strength, and slower gait speed. Weight loss but not weight gain of 5% or more was associated with an increased risk of mortality that persisted after multivariate adjustment (Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.29–2.15) and was similar in those with no serious illness in the period of weight change. Those with weight loss and low baseline weight had the highest crude mortality rate, although the HR for weight loss was similar for all tertiles of baseline weight and for those with or without a special diet, compared with those whose weight was stable. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that even modest decline in body weight is an important and independent marker of risk of mortality in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 49:1309–1318, 2001.

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Authors
Newman, A. B., Yanez, D., Harris, T., Duxbury, A., Enright, P. L., Fried, L. P., & for the Cardiovascular Study Research Group
Affiliations
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • University of Arizona (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Newman, Anne B.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2001-10
Volume
49
Issue
10
Pages
1309-1318
ISSN
  • 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-5415
DOI
10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49258.x
OpenAlex
W2051865087
Cited by
566
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 29
FWCI
5.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 103 d)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (n01hc085079-024, n01hc085086-022)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01 HC85086, N01-HC85079)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Keywords
weight change, weight loss, weight gain, mortality risk, older adults, mortality prediction, community-dwelling older adults, health status, activities of daily living disability, grip strength, walking speed, smoking, stroke, hospitalization
MeSH terms
Aged, Analysis of Variance, Body Weight, Female, Health Status, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mortality, Risk Factors, United States, Weight Gain, Weight Loss, Chi-Square Distribution, Proportional Hazards Models

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