Insulin-like growth factor-1 and interleukin 6 predict sarcopenia in very old community-living men and women: the Framingham Heart Study
Abstract
Objectives To assess the prognostic role of the inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in predicting 2-year changes in fat-free mass (FFM) while controlling for potential confounders. Design Population-based cohort, the Framingham Heart Study, examined in 1992-93 and 1994-95. Setting General community. Participants Two hundred thirty-two men and 326 women aged 72 to 92. Measurements IGF-1 was measured using radio-immunoassay and cellular IL-6 production using non-cross-reacting radioimmunoassays. FFM was estimated using population-specific equations for predicting FFM from bioelectrical impedance analysis developed separately for men and women. Results Higher IGF-1 predicted smaller loss of FFM in men than lower IGF-1 did (P=.002), after adjusting for age, baseline FFM, fat mass, and 2-year weight changes, whereas cellular IL-6 was a significant predictor of sarcopenia in women (P=.02). Weight change was a strong determinant of change in FFM in both sexes (P Conclusion Predictors of sarcopenia include body composition characteristics that are common to men and women and sex-specific metabolic predictors. Sarcopenia appears to reflect a withdrawal of anabolic stimuli, such as growth hormone, in men but an increase in catabolic stimuli, such as cellular IL-6, in women.
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Inflammation accompanies anorexia and breakdown of muscle and fat, possibly contributing to poor nutrition, weakness and weight loss seen in frailty.
“Inflammation is associated with anorexia and catabolism of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, which may contribute to the nutritional compromise, muscle weakness and weight loss that characterise frailty (41, 61, 62).”
From Frailty in elderly people (2013) · cites this paper as [41]
Observational studies have reported inconsistent associations between IGF-1 and mortality.
“a series of observational studies have reported inconsistent associations (37-41)”
From Frailty in elderly people (2013) · cites this paper as [41]
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- Authors
- Payette, H., Roubenoff, R., Jacques, P. F., Dinarello, C. A., Wilson, P. W. F., Abad, L. W., & Harris, T.
- Affiliations
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Payette, Hélène
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-08-15
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1237-1243
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- OpenAlex
- W1584397506
- Cited by
- 245
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 7.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5k08dk002120-02, 5r21ag015797-02)
- National Institute on Aging (AG-15797, Y01-AG-4-0245)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01-HC-Z5195)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK02120)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Keywords
- sarcopenia, insulin-like growth factor I, interleukin-6, fat-free mass, weight change, oldest old, community-dwelling older adults, sex differences, inflammation, body composition, growth hormone, catabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Composition, Body Weight, Female, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Male, Prognosis, Radioimmunoassay, Residence Characteristics, Sex Factors, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Interleukin-6, Body Mass Index, Linear Models, Electric Impedance
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