Lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease have not been reported across the age spectrum in black adults and white adults. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis at the individual level using data from 18 cohort studies involving a total of 257,384 black men and women and white men and women whose risk factors for cardiovascular disease were measured at the ages of 45, 55, 65, and 75 years. Blood pressure, cholesterol level, smoking status, and diabetes status were used to stratify participants according to risk factors into five mutually exclusive categories. The remaining lifetime risks of cardiovascular events were estimated for participants in each category at each age, with death free of cardiovascular disease treated as a competing event. RESULTS: We observed marked differences in the lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease across risk-factor strata. Among participants who were 55 years of age, those with an optimal risk-factor profile (total cholesterol level, <180 mg per deciliter [4.7 mmol per liter]; blood pressure, <120 mm Hg systolic and 80 mm Hg diastolic; nonsmoking status; and nondiabetic status) had substantially lower risks of death from cardiovascular disease through the age of 80 years than participants with two or more major risk factors (4.7% vs. 29.6% among men, 6.4% vs. 20.5% among women). Those with an optimal risk-factor profile also had lower lifetime risks of fatal coronary heart disease or nonfatal myocardial infarction (3.6% vs. 37.5% among men, <1% vs. 18.3% among women) and fatal or nonfatal stroke (2.3% vs. 8.3% among men, 5.3% vs. 10.7% among women). Similar trends within risk-factor strata were observed among blacks and whites and across diverse birth cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in risk-factor burden translate into marked differences in the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease, and these differences are consistent across race and birth cohorts. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.).
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Several studies show that a healthy lifestyle early in life prevents CVD in older age and reduces lifetime CVD risk.
“Several studies have shown that a healthy lifestyle early in life prevents CVD in older age and reduces lifetime risk for CVD. 53,323-325”
From 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias (2016) · cites this paper as [323]
Differences in risk factor burden early in life translate into marked differences in the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life.
“This is critical because differences in risk factor burden early in life translate into marked differences in the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life (64).”
From The CardioMetabolic Health Alliance (2015) · cites this paper as [64]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1992) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4380-9_25 · Cited by 45,232 · see citing works
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1958.10501452 · Cited by 39,158 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944 · see citing works
Detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
Grundy, S. M., Becker, D. M., Clark, L. T., Cooper, R., Denke, M. A., Howard, J. L., Hunninghake, D. B., Illingworth, D. R., Luepker, R. V., McBride, P. E., et al. (2002) · Civil War Book Review · Cited by 12,198 · see citing works
The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.
Fried, L. P., Borhani, N. O., Enright, P., Furberg, C. D., Gardin, J. M., Kronmal, R. A., Kuller, L. H., Manolio, T. A., Mittelmark, M. B., Newman, A., et al. (1991) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(91)90005-w · Cited by 3,652 · see citing works
Self-citationTHE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNIT (ARIC) STUDY: DESIGN AND OBJECTIVES
THE ARIC INVESTIGATORS (1989) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115184 · Cited by 3,491 · see citing works
(1989) · PubMed · Cited by 3,139 · see citing works
Explaining the decrease in U.S. deaths from coronary disease, 1980–2000
Ford, E. S., Ajani, U. A., Croft, J. B., Critchley, J. A., Labarthe, D. R., Kottke, T. E., Giles, W. H., & Capewell, S. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa053935 · Cited by 2,757 · see citing works
Design of the Women’s Health Initiative Clinical Trial and Observational Study
The Women’s Health Initiative Study Group (1998) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/s0197-2456(97)00078-0 · Cited by 2,580 · see citing works
AN INVESTIGATION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN FAMILIES
Kannel, W. B., Feinleib, M., McNAMARA, P. M., Garrison, R. J., & Castelli, W. P. (1979) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112813 · Cited by 1,635 · see citing works
Lifetime Risk for Developing Congestive Heart Failure
Lloyd‐Jones, D. M., Larson, M. G., Leip, E. P., Beiser, A., D’Agostino, R. B., Kannel, W. B., Murabito, J. M., Vasan, R. S., Benjamin, E. J., & Levy, D. A. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000039105.49749.6f · Cited by 1,615 · see citing works
Self-citationPrediction of lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease by risk factor burden at 50 years of age
Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Leip, E. P., Larson, M. G., D’Agostino, R. B., Beiser, A., Wilson, P. W. F., Wolf, P. A., & Levy, D. (2006) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.548206 · Cited by 1,298 · see citing works
Self-citationSecular Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors According to Body Mass Index in US Adults
Gregg, E. W. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.293.15.1868 · Cited by 959 · see citing works
Lifetime risk of developing coronary heart disease
Lloyd‐Jones, D. M., Larson, M. G., Beiser, A., & Levy, D. A. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)10279-9 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
Self-citationA Longitudinal Study of Coronary Heart Disease
Paul, O., Lepper, M. H., Phelan, W. H., DUPERTUIS, G. W., Macmillan, A., McKean, H. E., & Park, H.-B. (1963) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.28.1.20 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
AN APPROACH TO LONGITUDINAL STUDIES IN A COMMUNITY: THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY
Dawber, T. R., Kannel, W. B., & Lyell, L. P. (1963) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb13299.x · Cited by 561 · see citing works
Dyer, A. R., Persky, V., Stamler, J., Paul, O., Shekelle, R. B., Berkson, D. M., Lepper, M. M., Schoenberger, J. A., & Lindberg, H. A. (1980) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113046 · Cited by 553 · see citing works
Self-citationKagan, A., Harris, B. R., Winkelstein, W., Johnson, K. G., Kato, H., Syme, S. L., Rhoads, G. G., Gay, M. L., Nichaman, M. Z., Hamilton, H. B., et al. (1974) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(74)90014-9 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Gaynor, J. J., Feuer, E. J., Tan, C. C., Wu, D. H. Y., Little, C., Straus, D. J., Clarkson, B. D., & Brennan, M. F. (1993) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1993.10476289 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
Established populations for epidemiologic studies of the elderly: Study design and methodology
Cornoni‐Huntley, J. C., Ostfeld, A. M., Taylor, J. O., Wallace, R. B., Blazer, D. G., Berkman, L. F., Evans, D. A., Kohout, J., Lemke, J. H., Scherr, P. A., et al. (1993) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/bf03324123 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Berry, J. D., Liu, K., Folsom, A. R., Lewis, C. E., Carr, J. J., Polak, J. F., Shea, S., Sidney, S., O’Leary, D. H., Chan, C., et al. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.800235 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Self-citationWijeysundera, H. C. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.580 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Plan and operation of the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study, 1986.
Cox, C. S., Rothwell, S. T., Madans, J. H., Finucane, F. F., Freid, V. M., Kleinman, J. C., Barbano, H. E., & Feldman, J. J. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Mortality Rates and Risk Factors for Coronary Disease in Black as Compared with White Men and Women
KEIL, J. E., Sutherland, S. E., Knapp, R. G., Lackland, D. T., Gazes, P. C., & Tyroler, H. A. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199307083290201 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Neaton, J. D., Kuller, L. H., Wentworth, D. N., & Borhani, N. O. (1984) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(84)90669-0 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Stamler, J., Dyer, A. R., Shekelle, R. B., Neaton, J. D., & Stamler, R. (2008) · Cardiology · doi:10.1159/000175868 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Self-citationWorth, R. M., & Kagan, A. (1970) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(70)90022-6 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Hozawa, A., Folsom, A. R., Sharrett, A. R., & Chambless, L. E. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.6.573 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Stamler, J., Rhomberg, P., Schoenberger, J. A., Shekelle, R. B., Dyer, A. R., Shekelle, S., Stamler, R., & Wannamaker, J. (1975) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(75)90060-0 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Self-citationDistribution of 10-Year and Lifetime Predicted Risks for Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults
Perak, A. M., Berry, J. D., Ning, H., Persell, S. D., & Lloyd‐Jones, D. M. (2009) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.109.869727 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citationLloyd‐Jones, D. M., Dyer, A. R., Wang, R., Daviglus, M. L., & Greenland, P. (2006) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.09.099 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationLifetime Risk of Coronary Heart Disease by Cholesterol Levels at Selected Ages
Lloyd‐Jones, D. M., Wilson, P. W. F., Larson, M. G., Leip, E. P., Beiser, A., D’Agostino, R. B., Cleeman, J. I., & Levy, D. A. (2003) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.163.16.1966 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationRace/Ethnicity, Income, Major Risk Factors, and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality
Thomas, A. J., Eberly, L. E., Smith, G. D., Neaton, J. D., & Stamler, J. (2005) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.048165 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effect of medical conditions on the functional limitations of Mexican-American elderly
Markides, K. S., Stroup‐Benham, C. A., Goodwin, J. S., Perkowski, L. C., Lichtenstein, M. J., & Ray, L. A. (1996) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s1047-2797(96)00061-0 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: methodological considerations.
Delgado, J. L., Johnson, C. L., Roy, I., & Treviño, F. M. (1990) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.80.suppl.6 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Ford, E. S., Li, C., Zhao, G., Pearson, W. S., & Capewell, S. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.835728 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Gaynor, J. J., Feuer, E. J., Tan, C. C., et al. (1993) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290318 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Higher risk of cardiovascular mortality among lean hypertensive individuals in Tecumseh, Michigan.
Carman, W. J., Barrett-Connor, E. L., Sowers, M., & Khaw, K. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.89.2.703 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Gupta, S. K., Berry, J. D., Ayers, C. R., Peshock, R. M., Khera, A., de Lemos, J. A., Patel, P. C., Markham, D. W., & Drazner, M. H. (2010) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2010.03.005 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationComparison of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Mortality in Black and White Adults
Carnethon, M. R., Lynch, E. B., Dyer, A. R., Lloyd‐Jones, D. M., Wang, R., Garside, D. B., & Greenland, P. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.11.1196 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationRisk Factors and Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease in Puerto Rico
García-Palmieri, M. R., Costas, R., Cruz-Vidal, M., Cortés-Alicea, M., COLÓN, A. A., FELIBERTI, M., Ayala, A. M., PATTERNE, D., Sobrino, R., Torres, R., et al. (1970) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.42.3.541 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
All-Cause Mortality Risk Among a National Sample of Individuals With Diabetes
Nelson, K. M., Boyko, E. J., & Koepsell, T. D. (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-0846 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Plan and operation of the NHANES II Mortality Study, 1992.
Loria, C. M., Sempos, C. T., & Vuong, C. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Trends in cardiovascular disease incidence and survival in the elderly
Haan, M. N., Selby, J. V., Rice, D. P., Quesenberry, C. P., Schofield, K. A., Liu, J. Y., & Fireman, B. H. (1996) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s1047-2797(96)00054-3 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Quality control of screening procedures in the multiple risk factor intervention trial
Harrison, H. H., & Morgan, J. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90161-3 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Blaha, M. J., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., Deo, R., de Ferranti, S. D., Floyd, J., Fornage, M., Gillespie, C., et al. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000485 · Cited by 12,591 · see citing works
2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Williams, B., Mancia, G., Spiering, W., Agabiti Rosei, E., Azizi, M., Burnier, M., Clement, D. L., Coca, A., de Simone, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339 · Cited by 10,286 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Virani, S. S., Alonso, A., Benjamin, E. J., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Delling, F. N., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000757 · Cited by 9,175 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Das, S. R., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000659 · Cited by 9,036 · see citing works
Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Dennison Himmelfarb, C., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S., Jamerson, K. A., Jones, D. W., et al. (2018) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.0000000000000065 · Cited by 7,391 · see citing works
Heart disease and stroke statistics-2018 update: a report from the american heart association
Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Delling, F. N., Deo, R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000558 · Cited by 7,146 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000350 · Cited by 6,596 · see citing works
Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Dennison Himmelfarb, C., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S., Jamerson, K. A., Jones, D. W., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.006 · Cited by 6,616 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M., Stone, N. J., Bailey, A. L., Beam, C., Birtcher, K. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Braun, L. T., de Ferranti, S., Faiella-Tommasino, J., Forman, D. E., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000625 · Cited by 6,185 · see citing works
Self-citationHeart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2015 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., Howard, V. J., et al. (2015) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000152 · Cited by 5,797 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2014 Update
Go, A. S., Mozaffarian, D., Roger, V. L., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Blaha, M. J., Dai, S., Ford, E. S., Fox, C. S., Franco, S., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80 · Cited by 5,207 · see citing works
Self-citationHeart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2013 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Go, A. S., Mozaffarian, D., Roger, V. L., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Borden, W. B., Bravata, D. M., Dai, S., Ford, E. S., Fox, C. S., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31828124ad · Cited by 5,292 · see citing works
Self-citationMach, F., Baigent, C., Catapano, A. L., Koskinas, K. C., Casula, M., Badimon, L., Chapman, M. J., De Backer, G. G., Delgado, V., Ference, B. A., et al. (2019) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.08.014 · Cited by 4,854 · see citing works
Arnett, D. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Albert, M. A., Buroker, A. B., Goldberger, Z. D., Hahn, E. J., Himmelfarb, C. D., Khera, A., Lloyd-Jones, D., McEvoy, J. W., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000678 · Cited by 4,536 · see citing works
Self-citationWhelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Dennison Himmelfarb, C., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S., Jamerson, K. A., Jones, D. W., et al. (2018) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.0000000000000066 · Cited by 4,347 · see citing works
Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Women after Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer
Darby, S. C., Ewertz, M., McGale, P., Bennet, A. M., Blom-Goldman, U., Brønnum, D., Correa, C., Cutter, D., Gagliardi, G., Gigante, B., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1209825 · Cited by 3,974 · see citing works
2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias
Catapano, A. L., Graham, I., De Backer, G., Wiklund, O., Chapman, M. J., Drexel, H., Hoes, A. W., Jennings, C. S., Landmesser, U., Pedersen, T. R., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272 · Cited by 3,162 · see citing works
Williams, B., Mancia, G., Spiering, W., Agabiti Rosei, E., Azizi, M., Burnier, M., Clement, D. L., Coca, A., de Simone, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. (2018) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000001940 · Cited by 2,885 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M., Stone, N. J., Bailey, A. L., Beam, C., Birtcher, K. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Braun, L. T., de Ferranti, S., Faiella-Tommasino, J., Forman, D. E., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.003 · Cited by 2,691 · see citing works
Self-citationCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association
Ndumele, C. E., Rangaswami, J., Chow, S. L., Neeland, I. J., Tuttle, K. R., Khan, S. S., Coresh, J., Mathew, R. O., Baker-Smith, C. M., Carnethon, M. R., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001184 · Cited by 2,208 · see citing works
2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Arnett, D. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Albert, M. A., Buroker, A. B., Goldberger, Z. D., Hahn, E. J., Himmelfarb, C. D., Khera, A., Lloyd-Jones, D., McEvoy, J. W., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.010 · Cited by 1,896 · see citing works
Self-citationLarge-scale association analysis identifies new risk loci for coronary artery disease
The CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Consortium, Deloukas, P., DIAGRAM Consortium, CARDIOGENICS Consortium, MuTHER Consortium, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Kanoni, S., Willenborg, C., Farrall, M., Assimes, T. L., et al. (2013) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.2480 · Cited by 1,614 · see citing works
Rapsomaniki, E., Timmis, A., George, J., Pujades-Rodriguez, M., Shah, A. D., Denaxas, S., White, I. R., Caulfield, M. J., Deanfield, J. E., Smeeth, L., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60685-1 · Cited by 1,643 · see citing works
2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias
Catapano, A. L., Graham, I., De Backer, G., Wiklund, O., Chapman, M. J., Drexel, H., Hoes, A. W., Jennings, C. S., Landmesser, U., Pedersen, T. R., et al. (2016) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.018 · Cited by 1,582 · see citing works
Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of stroke, 1990 and 2016
Collaborators, T. G. 2. L. R. O. S. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1804492 · Cited by 1,503 · see citing works
2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Executive Summary
Arnett, D. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Albert, M. A., Buroker, A. B., Goldberger, Z. D., Hahn, E. J., Himmelfarb, C. D., Khera, A., Lloyd-Jones, D., McEvoy, J. W., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.009 · Cited by 1,193 · see citing works
Self-citationDevelopment and validation of the American Heart Association’s PREVENT equations
Khan, S. S., Matsushita, K., Sang, Y., Ballew, S. H., Grams, M. E., Surapaneni, A., Blaha, M. J., Carson, A. P., Chang, A. R., Ciemins, E., et al. (2024) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.123.067626 · Cited by 1,234 · see citing works
Self-citationWhelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Dennison Himmelfarb, C., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S., Jamerson, K. A., Jones, D. W., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000596 · Cited by 1,127 · see citing works
Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial – 2020
Barroso, W. K. S., Rodrigues, C. I. S., Bortolotto, L. A., Gomes, M. A. M., Brandão, A. A., Feitosa, A. D. M., Machado, C. A., Poli‐de‐Figueiredo, C. E., Amodeo, C., Mion, D., et al. (2021) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.36660/abc.20201238 · Cited by 1,305 · see citing works
Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Himmelfarb, C. D., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S. S., Jamerson, K., Jones, D. W., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000597 · Cited by 989 · see citing works
Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Himmelfarb, C. D., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S. S., Jamerson, K., Jones, D. W., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2018.06.010 · Cited by 947 · see citing works
Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Himmelfarb, C. D., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S. S., Jamerson, K., Jones, D. W., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.005 · Cited by 934 · see citing works
Global effect of modifiable risk factors on cardiovascular disease and mortality
The Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium (2023) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2206916 · Cited by 909 · see citing works
Mehta, L. S., Watson, K. E., Barac, A., Beckie, T. M., Bittner, V., Cruz‐Flores, S., Dent, S. F., Kondapalli, L., Ky, B., Okwuosa, T. M., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000556 · Cited by 855 · see citing works
Yang, Q., Cogswell, M. E., Flanders, W. D., Hong, Y., Zhang, Z., Loustalot, F., Gillespie, C., Merritt, R., & Hu, F. B. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.339 · Cited by 802 · see citing works
Sex differences in healthy human heart rate variability: A meta-analysis
Koenig, J., & Thayer, J. F. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.007 · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Jacobson, T. A., Ito, M. K., Maki, K. C., Orringer, C. E., Bays, H. E., Jones, P. H., McKenney, J. M., Grundy, S. M., Gill, E. A., Wild, R. A., et al. (2015) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2015.02.003 · Cited by 772 · see citing works
Modifiable Risk Factors and Major Cardiac Events Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
Armstrong, G. T., Oeffinger, K. C., Chen, Y., Kawashima, T. I., Yasui, Y., Leisenring, W. M., Stovall, M., Chow, E. J., Sklar, C. A., Mulrooney, D. A., et al. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2013.49.3205 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Mega, J. L., Stitziel, N. O., Smith, J. G., Chasman, D. I., Caulfield, M. J., Devlin, J. J., Nordio, F., Hyde, C. L., Cannon, C. P., Sacks, F. M., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61730-x · Cited by 704 · see citing works
ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias
Catapano, A. L., Reiner, Ž., De Backer, G., Graham, I., Taskinen, M.-R., Wiklund, O., Agewall, S., Alegria, E., Chapman, M. J., Durrington, P., et al. (2011) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.028 · Cited by 706 · see citing works
Epidemiological studies of CHD and the evolution of preventive cardiology
Wong, N. D. (2014) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2014.26 · Cited by 664 · see citing works
Said, M. A., Verweij, N., & van der Harst, P. (2018) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1717 · Cited by 645 · see citing works
Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure: An Updated Review
Shahim, B., Kapelios, C., Savarese, G., & Lund, L. (2023) · Cardiac failure review · doi:10.15420/cfr.2023.05 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
JBS3 Board (2014) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2014-305693 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Braun, L. T., Ndumele, C. E., Smith, S. C., Sperling, L. S., Virani, S. S., & Blumenthal, R. S. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000638 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Self-citation(2019) · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000677 · Cited by 4,501 · see citing works
Self-citationGylling, H., Plat, J., Turley, S., Ginsberg, H. N., Ellegård, L., Jessup, W., Jones, P. J., Lütjohann, D., Maerz, W., Masana, L., et al. (2014) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.11.043 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Impact of Lipids on Cardiovascular Health
Ference, B. A., Graham, I., Tokgozoglu, L., & Catapano, A. L. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.06.046 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Circadian rhythms and the molecular clock in cardiovascular biology and disease
Crnko, S., Du Pré, B. C., Sluijter, J. P. G., & Van Laake, L. W. (2019) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-019-0167-4 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Heartache and heartbreak—the link between depression and cardiovascular disease
Nemeroff, C. B., & Goldschmidt-Clermont, P. J. (2012) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2012.91 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Liu, K., Daviglus, M. L., Loria, C. M., Colangelo, L. A., Spring, B., Moller, A. C., & Lloyd-Jones, D. M. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.060681 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Self-citationStærk, L., Wang, B., Preis, S. R., Larson, M. G., Lubitz, S. A., Ellinor, P. T., McManus, D. D., Ko, D., Weng, L.-C. C., Lunetta, K. L., et al. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k1453 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Carr, J. J., Jacobs, D. R., Terry, J. G., Shay, C. M., Sidney, S., Liu, K., Schreiner, P. J., Lewis, C. E., Shikany, J. M., Reis, J. P., et al. (2017) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.5493 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Genomic prediction of coronary heart disease
Abraham, G., Havulinna, A. S., Bhalala, O. G., Byars, S. G., De Livera, A. M., Yetukuri, L., Tikkanen, E., Perola, M., Schunkert, H., Sijbrands, E. J., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw450 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M. (2013) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2013.10.001 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Taylor, F., Huffman, M. D., Macedo, A. F., Moore, T. H., Burke, M., Davey Smith, G., Ward, K., Ebrahim, S., & Gay, H. C. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004816.pub5 · Cited by 1,934 · see citing works
Zhong, V. W., Van Horn, L., Cornelis, M. C., Wilkins, J. T., Ning, H., Carnethon, M. R., Greenland, P., Mentz, R. J., Tucker, K. L., Zhao, L., et al. (2019) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2019.1572 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Walli-Attaei, M., Joseph, P. G., Rosengren, A., Chow, C. K., Rangarajan, S., Lear, S. A., AlHabib, K. F., Davletov, K., Dans, A., Lanas, F. T., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30543-2 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M., Arai, H., Barter, P. J., Bersot, T. P., Betteridge, D. J., Carmena, R., Cuevas, A. M., Davidson, M. H., Genest, J. J., Kesäniemi, Y. A., et al. (2013) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2013.12.005 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Okamura, T., Tsukamoto, K., Arai, H., Fujioka, Y., Ishigaki, Y., Koba, S., Ohmura, H., Shoji, T., Yokote, K., Yoshida, H., et al. (2023) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.gl2022 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Braun, L. T., Ndumele, C. E., Smith, S. C., Sperling, L. S., Virani, S. S., & Blumenthal, R. S. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.005 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Self-citationCombined oral contraceptives: the risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke
Roach, R. E. J., Helmerhorst, F. M., Lijfering, W. M., Stijnen, T., Algra, A., & Dekkers, O. M. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011054.pub2 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Hajifathalian, K., Ueda, P., Lu, Y., Woodward, M., Ahmadvand, A., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., Azizi, F., Cifkova, R., Di Cesare, M., Eriksen, L., et al. (2015) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00081-9 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Lifetime Risk and Years Lived Free of Total Cardiovascular Disease
Wilkins, J. T., Ning, H., Berry, J. D., Zhao, L., Dyer, A. R., & Lloyd‐Jones, D. M. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.14312 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Self-citationThe CardioMetabolic Health Alliance
Sperling, L. S., Mechanick, J. I., Neeland, I. J., Herrick, C. J., Després, J.-P., Ndumele, C. E., Vijayaraghavan, K., Handelsman, Y., Puckrein, G. A., Araneta, M. R. G., et al. (2015) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.1328 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Mintjens, S., Menting, M. D., Daams, J. G., van Poppel, M. N. M., Roseboom, T. J., & Gemke, R. J. B. J. (2018) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-018-0974-5 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Adverse childhood experiences and the onset of chronic disease in young adulthood
Sonu, S. C., Post, S. L., & Feinglass, J. M. (2019) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.03.032 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Kendzerska, T., Mollayeva, T., Gershon, A. S., Leung, R. S. T., HAWKER, G. A., & TOMLINSON, G. A. (2013) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2013.01.003 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Association of Preterm Birth With Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Adulthood
Crump, C., Howell, E. A., Stroustrup, A., McLaughlin, M. A., Sundquist, J., & Sundquist, K. (2019) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1327 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Codd, V., Denniff, M. J., Swinfield, C. E., Warner, S., Papakonstantinou, M., Sheth, S., Nanus, D. E., Budgeon, C. A., Musicha, C., Bountziouka, V. P., et al. (2022) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-021-00166-9 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Pearson, T. A., Palaniappan, L. P., Artinian, N. T., Carnethon, M. R., Criqui, M. H., Daniels, S. R., Fonarow, G. C., Fortmann, S. P., Franklin, B. A., Galloway, J. M., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31828f8a94 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Lifetime Risk for Heart Failure Among White and Black Americans
Huffman, M. D., Berry, J. D., Ning, H., Dyer, A. R., Garside, D. B., Cai, X., Daviglus, M. L., & Lloyd‐Jones, D. M. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.022 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Self-citationSex Differences in Association of Physical Activity With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality
Ji, H., Gulati, M., Huang, T. Y., Kwan, A. C., Ouyang, D., Ebinger, J. E., Casaletto, K. B., Moreau, K. L., Skali, H., & Cheng, S. C. (2024) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2023.12.019 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Managing Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults
Stone, N. J., Smith, S. C., Orringer, C. E., Rigotti, N. A., Návar, A. M., Khan, S. S., Jones, D. W., Goldberg, R. B., Mora, S., Blaha, M. J., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.016 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Modifiable risk factors in periodontitis: at the intersection of aging and disease
Reynolds, M. A. (2013) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12047 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Pandey, A., Omar, W. A., Ayers, C. R., LaMonte, M. J., Klein, L., Allen, N. B., Kuller, L. H., Greenland, P., Eaton, C. B., Gottdiener, J. S., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.031622 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationHIV Infection, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Profile, and Risk for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Paisible, A.-L., Chang, C.-C. H., So‐Armah, K., Butt, A. A., Leaf, D. A., Budoff, M. J., Rimland, D., Bedimo, R., Goetz, M. B., Rodriguez‐Barradas, M. C., et al. (2014) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000000419 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Franceschini, N., Fox, E. R., Zhang, Z., Edwards, T. L., Nalls, M. A., Sung, Y. J., Tayo, B. O., Sun, Y. V., Gottesman, O., Adeyemo, A., et al. (2013) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.07.010 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Hypertension management in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities
Lauder, L., Mahfoud, F., Azizi, M., Bhatt, D. L., Ewen, S., Kario, K., Parati, G., Rossignol, P., Schlaich, M. P., Teo, K. K., et al. (2022) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac395 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Racial differences in human platelet PAR4 reactivity reflect expression of PCTP and miR-376c
Edelstein, L. C., Simon, L. M., Montoya, R. T., Holinstat, M. A., Chen, E. S., Bergeron, A. L., Kong, X., Nagalla, S., Mohandas, N., Cohen, D. E., et al. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3385 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Perak, A. M., Ning, H., de Ferranti, S. D., Gooding, H. C., Wilkins, J. T., & Lloyd‐Jones, D. M. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.116.022335 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationvon Sarnowski, B., Jukka Putaala, A., Grittner, U., Gaertner, B., Schminke, U., Curtze, S., Huber, R., Tanislav, C., Lichy, C., Demarin, V., et al. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.112.665190 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Nordström, P., Religa, D., Wimo, A. B., Winblad, B. G., & Eriksdotter, M. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht182 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Barbato, E., Azizi, M., Schmieder, R. E., Lauder, L., Böhm, M., Brouwers, S., Bruno, R. M., Dudek, D., Kahan, T., Kandzari, D. E., et al. (2023) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad054 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
I Diretriz Brasileira de Prevenção Cardiovascular
Simão, A., Précoma, D., Andrade, J., Filho, H. C., Saraiva, J., Oliveira, G., Murro, A., Campos, A., Alessi, A., Avezum, Á., et al. (2013) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.5935/abc.2013s012 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Lifelong Gender Gap in Risk of Incident Myocardial Infarction
Albrektsen, G., Heuch, I., Løchen, M., Thelle, D. S., Wilsgaard, T., Njølstad, I., & Bønaa, K. H. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.5451 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Long-Term Prognosis After Coronary Artery Calcification Testing in Asymptomatic Patients
Shaw, L. J., Giambrone, A. E., Blaha, M. J., Knapper, J. T., Berman, D. S., Bellam, N., Quyyumi, A. A., Budoff, M. J., Callister, T. Q., & Min, J. K. (2015) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m14-0612 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Ideal Cardiovascular Health, Mortality, and Vascular Events in Elderly Subjects
Gaye, B., Canonico, M., Perier, M., Samieri, C., Berr, C., Dartigues, J., Tzourio, C., Elbaz, A., & Empana, J. P. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.05.011 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Global Effect of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Lifetime Estimates
The Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium (2025) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2415879 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Bachmann, J. M., Willis, B. L., Ayers, C. R., Khera, A., & Berry, J. D. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.065490 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citationPredicting and Preventing Anthracycline-Related Cardiotoxicity
Armenian, S. H., & Bhatia, S. (2018) · American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book · doi:10.1200/edbk_100015 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Association of Coronary Artery Calcium With Long-term, Cause-Specific Mortality Among Young Adults
Miedema, M. D., Dardari, Z., Nasir, K., Blankstein, R., Knickelbine, T., Oberembt, S., Shaw, L. J., Rumberger, J. A., Michos, E. D., Rozanski, A., et al. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.7440 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
World Heart Federation Cholesterol Roadmap 2022
Ray, K. K., Ference, B. A., Séverin, T., Blom, D. J., Nicholls, S. J., Shiba, M. H., Almahmeed, W. A., Rodrigo Alonso, K., Daccord, M., Владиславович, Е. М., et al. (2022) · Global Heart · doi:10.5334/gh.1154 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationSex Differences in Age-Related Loss of Kidney Function
Melsom, T., Norvik, J. V., Enoksen, I. T., Stefansson, V. T. N., Mathisen, U. D., Fuskevåg, O., Jenssen, T. G., Solbu, M. D., & Eriksen, B. O. (2022) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2022030323 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes, and Heart Failure–Free Survival
Ahmad, F. S., Ning, H., Rich, J. D., Yancy, C. W., Lloyd‐Jones, D. M., & Wilkins, J. T. (2016) · JACC Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2016.08.001 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Efficacy of Edaravone (Radicut), a Free Radical Scavenger, for Cardiovascular Disease
Kikuchi, K., Tancharoen, S., Takeshige, N., Yoshitomi, M., Morioka, M., Murai, Y., & Tanaka, E. (2013) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms140713909 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Pujades‐Rodríguez, M., George, J., Shah, A. D., Rapsomaniki, E., Denaxas, S., West, R., Smeeth, L. L., Timmis, A., & Hemingway, H. (2014) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyu218 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Coronary Heart Disease Risks Associated with High Levels of HDL Cholesterol
Wilkins, J. T., Ning, H., Stone, N. J., Criqui, M. H., Zhao, L., Greenland, P., & Lloyd‐Jones, D. M. (2014) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.113.000519 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationLifetime Risk for Sudden Cardiac Death in the Community
Bogle, B. M., Ning, H., Mehrotra, S., Goldberger, J. J., & Lloyd‐Jones, D. M. (2016) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.115.002398 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Berry, J. D., Dyer, A., Cai, X., Garside, D. B., Ning, H., Thomas, A., Greenland, P., Van Horn, L., Tracy, R. P., & Lloyd-Jones, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Vermont (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2012-01-26
- Volume
- 366
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 321-329
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC3336876
- OpenAlex
- W2119984740
- Cited by
- 945
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 76 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 80 · 2013: 103 · 2012: 55
- FWCI
- 63.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01wh42124-20-0-0, n01wh32105-27-0-1, n01wh42120-22-0-1, n01wh32106-28-0-1, n01hc085082-026, N01-WH-4-2107, n01hc085081-021, n01wh42125-19-0-1, n01wh32108-30-0-1, n01hc045133-001, n01wh042116-008, n01wh32112-26-0-1, N01-WH-4-2122, n01wh32100-28-0-1, n01hc085079-024, N01-WH-3-2109, n01hc015103-009, n01wh42130-23-0-1, n01wh42123-22-0-1, N01-WH-3-2106, n01wh42108-21-0-1, n01hc085084-005, N01-WH-3-2111, n01wh042114-008, n01wh32118-27-0-1, N01-WH-3-2119, n01hc085085-011, n01hc085083-027, n01wh42110-25-0-0, n01hc085080-026, n01wh42122-22-0-1, N01-WH-4-2126, N01-WH-4-2111, N01-WH-3-2105, N01-WH-3-2100, N01-WH-4-2129, n01wh42131-22-0-1, N01-WH-4-2130, n01wh44221-7-0-1, N01-WH-3-2118, n01wh42129-23-0-1, N01-WH-4-2116, N01-WH-3-2108, N01-WH-4-2110, n01wh42115-19-0-1, n01hc085086-022, N01-WH-3-2101, n01wh32111-28-0-1, n01wh32115-26-0-1, N01 WH 44221, n01wh22110-38-0-0, N01-WH-3-2115, N01-WH-4-2117, N01WH24152, n01wh42132-22-0-1, n01wh42121-21-0-1, n01wh32101-25-0-1, n01wh42111-19-0-1, N01-WH-4-2124, n01wh24152-12-0-0, n01wh42113-23-0-1, N01-WH-4-2131, n01wh32113-30-0-1, N01-WH-4-2113, n01wh42119-25-0-1, N01-WH-4-2109, N01-WH-4-2115, N01-WH-4-2132, N01-WH-3-2112, n01hc55222-0-0-0, N01-WH-4-2121, n01wh42126-26-0-1, n01wh32122-31-0-1, n01wh42118-20-0-1, N01-WH-4-2119, n01wh32119-24-0-1, N01-WH-3-2122, n01wh42107-22-0-1, N01-WH-4-2125, n01wh42109-28-0-1, n01wh042112-013, N01-WH-4-2120, N01-WH-2-2110, n01hc075150-004, n01hc035129-010, N01-WH-4-2114, n01wh42117-21-0-1, n01wh32102-33-0-0, N01-WH-4-2123, N01-WH-4-2118, N01-WH-3-2102, N01-WH-4-2112, N01-WH-4-2108, N01 WH022110, n01wh32109-27-0-1, N01-WH-3-2113)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01-HC-85081, N01HC85085, N01 HC085086, N01HC-85083, N01HC15103, N01 HC085079, N01HC85082, N01HC‐75150, N01 HC85086, R01HL068140, N01HC85080, N01 HC55222, K23HL092229, N01‐HC‐45133, U01HL080295, R01HL043232, R21HL085375, N01-HC85079, N01-HC85084, N01HC35129)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025741)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- lifetime risk, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, racial differences, Black people, White adults, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, diabetes mellitus, birth cohort, competing risk of death
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Black or African American, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Risk Factors, United States, Cohort Effect, Risk Assessment, White People
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
