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BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: As mass vaccination campaigns against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) commence worldwide, vaccine effectiveness needs to be assessed for a range of outcomes across diverse populations in a noncontrolled setting. In this study, data from Israel's largest health care organization were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. METHODS: All persons who were newly vaccinated during the period from December 20, 2020, to February 1, 2021, were matched to unvaccinated controls in a 1:1 ratio according to demographic and clinical characteristics. Study outcomes included documented infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), symptomatic Covid-19, Covid-19-related hospitalization, severe illness, and death. We estimated vaccine effectiveness for each outcome as one minus the risk ratio, using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. RESULTS: Each study group included 596,618 persons. Estimated vaccine effectiveness for the study outcomes at days 14 through 20 after the first dose and at 7 or more days after the second dose was as follows: for documented infection, 46% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40 to 51) and 92% (95% CI, 88 to 95); for symptomatic Covid-19, 57% (95% CI, 50 to 63) and 94% (95% CI, 87 to 98); for hospitalization, 74% (95% CI, 56 to 86) and 87% (95% CI, 55 to 100); and for severe disease, 62% (95% CI, 39 to 80) and 92% (95% CI, 75 to 100), respectively. Estimated effectiveness in preventing death from Covid-19 was 72% (95% CI, 19 to 100) for days 14 through 20 after the first dose. Estimated effectiveness in specific subpopulations assessed for documented infection and symptomatic Covid-19 was consistent across age groups, with potentially slightly lower effectiveness in persons with multiple coexisting conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This study in a nationwide mass vaccination setting suggests that the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is effective for a wide range of Covid-19-related outcomes, a finding consistent with that of the randomized trial.
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In the citing paper
“BNT162b2, a messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccine, has demonstrated a high efficacy rate with an acceptable safety profile. 1 2”
From Immunogenicity and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases and in the general population: a multicentre study (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The 7-day cutoff was chosen based on previous research the BNT162b2 vaccine effectivenesss1,11.”
From Waning effectiveness of the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (2022) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“Observational postmarketing studies, including this analysis, have consistently demonstrated a strong association between vaccination and risk reductions in COVID-19 hospitalization in immunocompetent individuals, suggesting that the high efficacy observed in mRNA clinical trials translates into beneficial effects in the community setting.2,3,10”
From Association Between mRNA Vaccination and COVID-19 Hospitalization and Disease Severity (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“It should be noted that high effectiveness (>80%) against severe disease and hospitalization has been reported for both BNT162b2 (refs93,94) and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (ref.95).”
From Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“Some early post-implementation analyses have suggested that the mRNA vaccines also reduce the incidence of asymptomatic infection and the nasopharyngeal viral load in individuals who become infected despite the vaccination93,107, but it is yet unclear how this translates to risk of transmission.”
From Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“Current epidemiological evidence is that the BNT162b2 Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine retains its efficacy against B.1.1.7 in the UK24 and in reports from Israel.28,29”
From Impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the total CD4+ and CD8+ T cell reactivity in infected or vaccinated individuals (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“A randomized, controlled trial and real-world studies have shown vaccine efficacy of 94 to 95% with the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer–BioNTech) and vaccine effectiveness in preventing symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) 7 days or more after receipt of the second dose of vaccine.1,3-5”
From Waning Immune Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine over 6 Months (2021) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“it is substantial and occurs during a time when neutralizing antibody titers are either very low or absent (Baden et al., 2020; Dagan et al., 2021; Polack et al., 2020).”
From SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces functionally diverse antibodies to NTD, RBD, and S2 (2021) · cites this paper as Dagan et al., 2021
In the citing paper
“Since its rollout in late 2020 in Israel, the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine (Pfizer–BioNTech) has been highly effective in preventing clinically significant coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).1-3”
From Covid-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Health Care Workers (2021) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Variability in estimates of vaccine effectiveness between studies could result from differences in study design, testing protocols, and study populations”
In the citing paper
“Likewise, clinical studies have reported somewhat reduced efficacy and effectiveness against the B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and B.1.617.2 variants (10–12).”
From Durability of mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“In a mass vaccination study which included 3,159,136 participants from Israel, vaccine effectiveness of BNT162b2 as a two-dose scheme was 94%.397”
From Advances in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine development (2022) · cites this paper as [397]
In the citing paper
“>90% efficacy in real-world conditions in USA132 and Israel126”
From mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases: principles, delivery and clinical translation (2021) · cites this paper as [126]
In the citing paper
“In a mass vaccination campaign involving 3,159,136 participants in Israel, two doses of BNT162b2 were 94% effective at preventing symptomatic COVID-19, 87% effective at preventing hospitalizations and 92% effective at preventing the onset of severe COVID-19 (ref.126).”
From mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases: principles, delivery and clinical translation (2021) · cites this paper as [126]
In the citing paper
“Although BNT162b2 is a two-dose regimen, early protection after a single dose has been reported in clinical trials and on the basis of real-world data.5,19,20”
From Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccine in adolescents (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Recent real-world data suggest that BNT162b2 prevents asymptomatic infection.19,27”
From Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccine in adolescents (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccines are highly effective against symptomatic disease and, more so, against severe disease and fatal outcomes caused by the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 as well as the alpha (B.1.1.7) variant that predominated in early 2021.”
From Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of concern (2021) · cites this paper as [14]
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“The rapid vaccine rollout had a major role in controlling infection spread (6), but patients on dialysis have been largely excluded from vaccine trials for safety reasons.”
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Oh, T. K., Song, I., Lee, J., Eom, W., & Jeon, Y.-T. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18136804 · Cited by 16
“Although vaccine administration began on 8 December 2020 [3,4], limitations associated with the volume of vaccine production and the rapidity of administration hampered the attainment of herd immunity against COVID-19.”
BackgroundTakamatsu, A., Honda, H., Kojima, T., Murata, K., & Babcock, H. M. (2021) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.1017/ice.2021.325 · Cited by 16
Tadese, E. B., Endris, A. A., Solomon, H., Alayu, M., Kebede, A., Eshetu, K., Teka, G., Eskinder, B., Ahmed, J., Abayneh, S., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.08.028 · Cited by 16
COVID-19 Pneumonia in Vaccinated Population: A Six Clinical and Radiological Case Series
Brogna, B., Bignardi, E., Brogna, C., Capasso, C., Gagliardi, G., Martino, A., & Musto, L. A. (2021) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina57090891 · Cited by 16
“The effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine in reducing infection, severe disease, hospitalization, and death with COVID-19 patients has been reported in Israel [16,25].”
BackgroundLijeskić, O., Klun, I., Djaković, M. S., Gligorić, N., Štajner, T., Srbljanović, J., & Djurković–Djaković, O. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9091031 · Cited by 16
Simulation of future COVID-19 epidemic by vaccination coverage scenarios in Japan
Furuse, Y. (2021) · Journal of Global Health · doi:10.7189/jogh.11.05025 · Cited by 16
Kinetics of the Antibody Response to Boostering With Three Different Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2
Markewitz, R. D. H., Juhl, D., Pauli, D., Görg, S., Junker, R., Rupp, J., Engel, S., Steinhagen, K., Herbst, V., Zapf, D., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.811020 · Cited by 14
Lai, F. T. T., Leung, M. T. Y., Chan, E. W. W., Huang, L., Lau, L. K. W., Peng, K., Leung, J. C. N., Fan, M., Chen, K., Lum, D. H., et al. (2022) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.062 · Cited by 17
“Post-marketing research on Covid-19 vaccines in real-world settings is still accruing, with most studies focusing on serious adverse events which typically require medical interventions or even tertiary care.[20] While this line of research is highly important to establish the safety profile, the reactogenicity of vac…”
BackgroundGoldin, S., Adler, L., Azuri, J., Mendel, L., Haviv, S., & Maimon, N. (2022) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000521899 · Cited by 17
Jubishi, D., Okamoto, K., Hamada, K., Ishii, T., Hashimoto, H., Shinohara, T., Yamashita, M., Wakimoto, Y., Otani, A., Hisasue, N., et al. (2022) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2022.2048559 · Cited by 16
Thrombotic events following Covid-19 vaccines compared to Influenza vaccines
Vallone, M. G., Falcón, A. L., Castro, H. M., Ferraris, A., Cantarella, R. F., Staneloni, M. I., Aliperti, V. I., Ferloni, A., Mezzarobba, D., Vázquez, F. J., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2022.03.002 · Cited by 18
“[2] Dagan N, Barda N, Kepten E, et al.”
BackgroundAl‐Obaidi, M. M., Gungor, A. B., Nematollahi, S., Zangeneh, T. T., Bedrick, E. J., Johnson, K. M., Low-Adegbija, N. E., Alam, R., Rangan, P., Heise, C. W., et al. (2022) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac186 · Cited by 15
“The COVID-19 vaccines have been instrumental in preventing hospitalizations and deaths [3].”
BackgroundEick-Cost, A. A., Ying, S., & Wells, N. Y. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.8071 · Cited by 17
“Pre-Delta period Delta period Active component population (n = 1 220 721) Cases (n = 38 968) Controls (n = 251 288) Cases (n = 26 087) Controls (n = 125 036) Sex Female 6853 (18) 46 848 (19) 5038 (19) 25 549 (20) 210 120 (17) Male 32 115 (82) 204 440 (81) 21 049 (81) 99 487 (80) 1 010 601 (83)”
Su, J., Jia, Z., Wang, X., Qin, F., Chen, R., Wu, Y., Lu, B., Lan, C., Qin, T., Liao, Y., et al. (2022) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07452-w · Cited by 17
“Many real-world studies have confirmed that COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective around the world, including inactivated vaccines and mRNA vaccines [26, 30].”
BackgroundNam, S. Y., Jeon, S. W., Lee, H. S., Lim, H. J., Lee, D. W., & Yoo, S. S. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.12996 · Cited by 15
Ogrič, M., Žigon, P., Podovšovnik, E., Lakota, K., Sodin‐Šemrl, S., Rotar, Ž., & Čučnik, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.876533 · Cited by 15
Durability analysis of the highly effective BNT162b2 vaccine against COVID-19
Puranik, A., Lenehan, P. J., O’Horo, J. C., Pawlowski, C., Niesen, M. J. M., Virk, A., Swift, M. D., Kremers, W. K., Venkatakrishnan, A., Gordon, J. E., et al. (2022) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac082 · Cited by 16
Azzam, S. H., Mukari, A., Hamed, M., & Kridin, K. (2022) · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · doi:10.1111/jocd.15251 · Cited by 16
Herpetic Eye Disease Following the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations
Cohen, S., Olshaker, H., Fischer, N., Vishnevskia‐Dai, V., Hagin, D., Rosenblatt, A., Zur, D., & Habot‐Wilner, Z. (2022) · Ocular Immunology and Inflammation · doi:10.1080/09273948.2022.2103831 · Cited by 15
Ruiz, P. L., Gunnes, N., Gran, J. M., Karlstad, Ø., Selmer, R. M., Dahl, J., Bøås, H., White, R. A., Hofman, A. C., Paulsen, T. H., et al. (2022) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.085 · Cited by 17
“The current study follows the lines of recent studies of the effectiveness and safety of vaccines in Israel by using a rolling-cohort matching design.[7,8] In order to assess the short-term safety of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination with respect to all-cause mortality, we randomly matched newly vaccinated individuals (vaccin…”
The importance of sustained compliance with physical distancing during COVID-19 vaccination rollout
Teslya, A., Rozhnova, G., Pham, T. M., van Wees, D. A., Nunner, H., Godijk, N. G., Bootsma, M., & Kretzschmar, M. (2022) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-022-00207-3 · Cited by 15
“As Alpha (B.1.1.7) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants emerged and, in turn, became dominant in many European countries, the first estimates for vaccine efficacy for reducing the infection became available31,32,81.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPeeters, G., Remoortel, A. V., Nagels, G., Schependom, J. V., & D’haeseleer, M. (2023) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000200089 · Cited by 18
Joudeh, A. I., Lutf, A. Q., Mahdi, S., & Tran, G. T. (2023) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.048 · Cited by 16
“However, a single dose of either type of mRNA vaccine was found to be associated with more than 90 % efficacy in preventing symptomatic disease [16,17].”
Abdelhafez, M., Nasereddin, A., Shamma, O. A., Abed, R., Sinnokrot, R., Marof, O., Heif, T., Erekat, Z., Al‐Jawabreh, A., & Ereqat, S. (2023) · Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1155/2023/9551163 · Cited by 17
“Moreover, the COVID-19 vaccination was started by the government, which can infuence the severity of COVID-19 disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection [45–47].”
Alshehri, S., & Sallam, M. (2023) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2275962 · Cited by 17
Mohanty, P., Panda, P., Acharya, R. K., Pande, B., Bhaskar, L. V., & Verma, H. K. (2023) · World Journal of Virology · doi:10.5501/wjv.v12.i5.242 · Cited by 17
Molecular medical microbiology—from bench to bedside
Tang, Y., Hindiyeh, M. Y., Liu, D., Sails, A. D., Spearman, P. W., & Zhang, J.-R. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818619-0.00027-7 · Cited by 18
Chenchula, S., Chandra, M. B., Adusumilli, M. B., Ghanta, S. N., Bommasani, A., Anitha, K., Padmavathi, R., Amerneni, K. C., Chikatipalli, R., Ghanta, M. K., et al. (2024) · Reviews in Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/rmv.2515 · Cited by 17
Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic in Catalonia
Satorra, P., & Tebé, C. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53527-w · Cited by 16
Branching in poly(amine-co-ester) polyplexes impacts mRNA transfection
Shin, K., Suh, H., Suberi, A., Whang, C., Ene, M., Grundler, J., Grun, M. K., & Saltzman, W. M. (2024) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122692 · Cited by 16
Aljumah, M., Abulaban, A. A., Aggad, H., Bunyan, R. F., Alkhawajah, M. M., Malik, Y. M. A., Mejally, M. A. A., Alnajashi, H. A., Alshamrani, F., Bohlega, S., et al. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.102925 · Cited by 16
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Rollouts and Their Effects on Health Outcomes
Deb, P., Furceri, D., Jiménez, D., Kothari, S., Ostry, J. D., & Tawk, N. (2022) · Applied Health Economics and Health Policy · doi:10.1007/s40258-022-00757-6 · Cited by 16
“Figueiredo et al. (2020) conduct the largest country study to date of global vaccine confidence across 149 countries and find that confidence in the importance of vaccines (rather than their safety or effectiveness) has the strongest association with vaccine uptake compared to other determinants considered.”
BackgroundInfluentialModeling strategies for the allocation of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the United States
Walker, J., Paul, P., Dooling, K. L., Oliver, S. E., Prasad, P. V., Steele, M. K., Gastañaduy, P. A., Johansson, M. A., Biggerstaff, M., & Slayton, R. B. (2022) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.015 · Cited by 15
“[12] We assumed a 14-day delay from administration of a dose to the development of its associated protection level, a 28-day delay between administration of doses, and no waning of immunity over the modeled period.”
Naik, B. R., Kumar, S. A., Rachegowda, N., Ullas, L. Y., Revanth, R., & Aluru, N. R. V. S. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.22087 · Cited by 16
“Real-world studies from Israel and England have reported 92% (95% confidence interval (CI), 88% to 95%) effectiveness against symptomatic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed infection ≥seven days after the second Pfizer-BioNTech dose [4,5].”
BackgroundHatcher, S. M., Endres‐Dighe, S. M., Angulo, F. J., Srivastava, A. K., Nguyen, J. L., Khan, F. L., Martin, C., Swerdlow, D. L., McLaughlin, J. M., Ubaka-Blackmoore, N., et al. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10030393 · Cited by 17
“[19], (Israel)] Retrospective cohort 20 Dec 2020–14 Feb 2021 HS members (16+) 310,696 Not provided 155,348 (155,348) BNT162b2 7–28 B.”
di Lego, V., Sánchez-Romero, M., & Prskawetz, A. (2022) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.059 · Cited by 17
Filon, F. L., Rui, F., Ronchese, F., Michieli, P. D., & Negro, C. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-04665-y · Cited by 16
Mortality during the first four waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Israel: March 2020–October 2021
Haklai, Z., Goldberger, N., & Gordon, E. (2022) · Israel Journal of Health Policy Research · doi:10.1186/s13584-022-00533-w · Cited by 17
“The short term efficacy of the vaccine in Israel in reducing mortality has been reported [3], but not a long term mortality follow up of vaccinated persons.”
BackgroundBermingham, C. R., Morgan, J., Ayoubkhani, D., Glickman, M., Islam, N., Sheikh, A., Sterne, J. A. C., Walker, A. S., & Nafilyan, V. (2022) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwac157 · Cited by 16
Dasch, S., Wachinger, J., Bärnighausen, T., Chen, S., & McMahon, S. A. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14587-7 · Cited by 16
“Background COVID-19 vaccines are considered a safe means to reduce COVID-19 incidence [1, 2] and to prevent severe morbidity or mortality [3].”
BackgroundmRNA vaccines against COVID‐19: a showcase for the importance of microbial biotechnology
Brüssow, H. (2021) · Microbial Biotechnology · doi:10.1111/1751-7915.13974 · Cited by 16
COVID-19 vaccines: A race against time
Peiffer‐Smadja, N., Rozencwajg, S., Kherabi, Y., Yazdanpanah, Y., & Montravers, P. (2021) · Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100848 · Cited by 16
Rose, J., & McCullough, P. A. (2021) · Current Problems in Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.101011 · Cited by 18
RetractedL’accès aux vaccins anti-COVID-19 dans un monde en crise : état des lieux et stratégies
OECD (2021) · Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (Covid-19) · doi:10.1787/fe64d679-fr · Cited by 16
Waning Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Infection in AdolescentsPreprint
Prunas, O., Weinberger, D. M., Pitzer, V. E., Gazit, S., & Patalon, T. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.01.04.22268776 · Cited by 16
“The 7-day and 14-day cutoffs for the first and second doses were chosen based on previous research on vaccine effectiveness in adults.(19,20) The reference group in the analysis was those who were unvaccinated.”
MethodDesign and Implementation of Observational Studies Emulating a Target Trial
Ren, Y., Jia, Y., Liu, L., Lyv, H., Tao, L., Li, Y., Zhao, P., Xiong, Y., Li, G., Xu, J., et al. (2026) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.58262 · Cited by 19
Damasceno, D. H. P., Amaral, A. A., Silva, C. A., & Silva, A. C. S. E. (2021) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0929867328666210902094254 · Cited by 15
Cardiomyopathy Associated with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: What Do We Know?
Parra-Lucares, A., Toro, L., Weitz-Muñoz, S., & Ramos, C. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13122493 · Cited by 15
Sasanami, M., Kayano, T., & Nishiura, H. (2022) · Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering · doi:10.3934/mbe.2022126 · Cited by 15
Mangia, A., Serra, N., Cocomazzi, G., Giambra, V., Antinucci, S., Maiorana, A., Giuliani, F., Montomoli, E., Cantaloni, P., Manenti, A., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.847384 · Cited by 15
“Moderna and Pfizer vaccines using a mutated sequence of the receptor-binding domain (RDB) that contains two consecutive prolines, lysine 986, and valine 987 (6) have been associated with high protection rates (7).”
BackgroundLiu, J., Mao, Q., Wu, X., He, Q., Bian, L., Bai, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., Liang, Z., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.814365 · Cited by 15
“BNT162b2 Israel 119,236 ≥16 92 (88- 95) 87 (55-100) 92 (75- 100) –”
Rovida, F., Esposito, G. L., Rissone, M., Novelli, V., Cutti, S., Muzzi, A., Rona, C., Bertoli, E., Daglio, M., Piralla, A., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.06.028 · Cited by 16
Pourcher, V., Belin, L., Soulié, C., Rosenzwajg, M., Marot, S., Lacombe, K., Valin, N., Pialoux, G., Câlin, R., Palacios, C., et al. (2022) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003300 · Cited by 15
“Its effectiveness for reducing a wide range of COVID-19-related outcomes, including mortality, which has been proven in the healthy population in the real-world setting, would, of course, be expected for the most vulnerable individuals, such as immunocompromised PWH [8].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Dagan, N., Barda, N., Kepten, E., Miron, O., Perchik, S., Katz, M. A., Hernán, M. A., Lipsitch, M., Reis, B., & Balicer, R. D.
- Affiliations
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
- From the Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv (N.D., N.B., E.K., O.M., S.P., M.A.K., R.D.B.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva (O.M., M.A.K., R.D.B.) — both in Israel; University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (M.A.K.); and the Department of Biomedical Informatics (N.D., N.B.), Harvard Medical School (B.R.), the Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.A.H.), and the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Departments of Epidemiology and of Immunology and Infectious Diseases (M.L.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (M.A.H.), and the Predictive Medicine Group, Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital (B.R.) — all in Boston.
- Corresponding author
- Balicer, Ran D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2021-04-15
- Volume
- 384
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1412-1423
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC7944975
- OpenAlex
- W3131688063
- Cited by
- 2,527
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 59 · 2025: 114 · 2024: 202 · 2023: 367 · 2022: 831 · 2021: 926
- FWCI
- 184.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Morris–Singer Fund
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention, symptomatic COVID-19, COVID-19 hospitalization, severe COVID-19, COVID-19 mortality, mass vaccination campaigns, real-world effectiveness, comorbidities, Israel
- MeSH terms
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, BNT162 Vaccine, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Israel, Male, Middle Aged, Incidence, Treatment Outcome, Mass Vaccination, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Young Adult
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