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BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: As mass vaccination campaigns against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) commence worldwide, vaccine effectiveness needs to be assessed for a range of outcomes across diverse populations in a noncontrolled setting. In this study, data from Israel's largest health care organization were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. METHODS: All persons who were newly vaccinated during the period from December 20, 2020, to February 1, 2021, were matched to unvaccinated controls in a 1:1 ratio according to demographic and clinical characteristics. Study outcomes included documented infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), symptomatic Covid-19, Covid-19-related hospitalization, severe illness, and death. We estimated vaccine effectiveness for each outcome as one minus the risk ratio, using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. RESULTS: Each study group included 596,618 persons. Estimated vaccine effectiveness for the study outcomes at days 14 through 20 after the first dose and at 7 or more days after the second dose was as follows: for documented infection, 46% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40 to 51) and 92% (95% CI, 88 to 95); for symptomatic Covid-19, 57% (95% CI, 50 to 63) and 94% (95% CI, 87 to 98); for hospitalization, 74% (95% CI, 56 to 86) and 87% (95% CI, 55 to 100); and for severe disease, 62% (95% CI, 39 to 80) and 92% (95% CI, 75 to 100), respectively. Estimated effectiveness in preventing death from Covid-19 was 72% (95% CI, 19 to 100) for days 14 through 20 after the first dose. Estimated effectiveness in specific subpopulations assessed for documented infection and symptomatic Covid-19 was consistent across age groups, with potentially slightly lower effectiveness in persons with multiple coexisting conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This study in a nationwide mass vaccination setting suggests that the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is effective for a wide range of Covid-19-related outcomes, a finding consistent with that of the randomized trial.
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“The 7-day cutoff was chosen based on previous research the BNT162b2 vaccine effectivenesss1,11.”
From Waning effectiveness of the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (2022) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“Observational postmarketing studies, including this analysis, have consistently demonstrated a strong association between vaccination and risk reductions in COVID-19 hospitalization in immunocompetent individuals, suggesting that the high efficacy observed in mRNA clinical trials translates into beneficial effects in the community setting.2,3,10”
From Association Between mRNA Vaccination and COVID-19 Hospitalization and Disease Severity (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“It should be noted that high effectiveness (>80%) against severe disease and hospitalization has been reported for both BNT162b2 (refs93,94) and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (ref.95).”
From Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“Some early post-implementation analyses have suggested that the mRNA vaccines also reduce the incidence of asymptomatic infection and the nasopharyngeal viral load in individuals who become infected despite the vaccination93,107, but it is yet unclear how this translates to risk of transmission.”
From Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“Current epidemiological evidence is that the BNT162b2 Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine retains its efficacy against B.1.1.7 in the UK24 and in reports from Israel.28,29”
From Impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the total CD4+ and CD8+ T cell reactivity in infected or vaccinated individuals (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“A randomized, controlled trial and real-world studies have shown vaccine efficacy of 94 to 95% with the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer–BioNTech) and vaccine effectiveness in preventing symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) 7 days or more after receipt of the second dose of vaccine.1,3-5”
From Waning Immune Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine over 6 Months (2021) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“it is substantial and occurs during a time when neutralizing antibody titers are either very low or absent (Baden et al., 2020; Dagan et al., 2021; Polack et al., 2020).”
From SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces functionally diverse antibodies to NTD, RBD, and S2 (2021) · cites this paper as Dagan et al., 2021
In the citing paper
“Since its rollout in late 2020 in Israel, the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine (Pfizer–BioNTech) has been highly effective in preventing clinically significant coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).1-3”
From Covid-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Health Care Workers (2021) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Variability in estimates of vaccine effectiveness between studies could result from differences in study design, testing protocols, and study populations”
In the citing paper
“BNT162b2, a messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccine, has demonstrated a high efficacy rate with an acceptable safety profile. 1 2”
In the citing paper
“Likewise, clinical studies have reported somewhat reduced efficacy and effectiveness against the B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and B.1.617.2 variants (10–12).”
From Durability of mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“In a mass vaccination study which included 3,159,136 participants from Israel, vaccine effectiveness of BNT162b2 as a two-dose scheme was 94%.397”
From Advances in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine development (2022) · cites this paper as [397]
In the citing paper
“>90% efficacy in real-world conditions in USA132 and Israel126”
From mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases: principles, delivery and clinical translation (2021) · cites this paper as [126]
In the citing paper
“In a mass vaccination campaign involving 3,159,136 participants in Israel, two doses of BNT162b2 were 94% effective at preventing symptomatic COVID-19, 87% effective at preventing hospitalizations and 92% effective at preventing the onset of severe COVID-19 (ref.126).”
From mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases: principles, delivery and clinical translation (2021) · cites this paper as [126]
In the citing paper
“Although BNT162b2 is a two-dose regimen, early protection after a single dose has been reported in clinical trials and on the basis of real-world data.5,19,20”
From Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccine in adolescents (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Recent real-world data suggest that BNT162b2 prevents asymptomatic infection.19,27”
From Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccine in adolescents (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccines are highly effective against symptomatic disease and, more so, against severe disease and fatal outcomes caused by the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 as well as the alpha (B.1.1.7) variant that predominated in early 2021.”
From Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of concern (2021) · cites this paper as [14]
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Guillain-Barré syndrome is infrequent among recipients of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine
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Real-world effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine: a meta-analysis of large observational studies
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he challenges to a successful COVID-19 vaccination programme in Africa
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“Mounting evidence shows that vaccines effectively prevent infections and severe hospitalizations, despite the emergence of new viral strains of the original SARS-CoV-2 virus [13,14].”
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InfluentialWastewater Surveillance during Mass COVID-19 Vaccination on a College Campus
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Protection against Omicron from Vaccination and Previous Infection in a Prison System
Chin, E. T., Leidner, D., Lamson, L., Lucas, K. D., Studdert, D. M., Goldhaber‐Fiebert, J. D., Andrews, J. R., & Salomon, J. A. (2022) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2207082 · Cited by 65
Rovida, F., Cassaniti, I., Paolucci, S., Percivalle, E., Sarasini, A., Piralla, A., Giardina, F., Sammartino, J. C., Ferrari, A., Bergami, F., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26154-6 · Cited by 62
“Initial nationwide data collection are confirming the effectiveness of the licensed vaccines, 49 showing an effect size consistent with that reported in clinical trials [5-8].”
ResultLayan, M., Gilboa, M., Gonen, T., Goldenfeld, M., Meltzer, L., Andronico, A., Hozé, N., Cauchemez, S., & Regev‐Yochay, G. (2022) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwac042 · Cited by 67
Rider, L. G., Parks, C. G., Wilkerson, J., Schiffenbauer, A. I., Kwok, R. K., Farhadi, P. N., Nazir, S., Ritter, R. L., Sirotich, E., Kennedy, K., et al. (2022) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keac249 · Cited by 67
Trimpert, J., Dietert, K., Firsching, T. C., Ebert, N., Thao, T. T. N., Vladimirova, D., Kaufer, S., Labroussaa, F., Abdelgawad, A., Conradie, A. M., et al. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109493 · Cited by 64
Controversy surrounding the Sputnik V vaccine
Cazzola, M., Rogliani, P., Mazzeo, F., & Matera, M. G. (2021) · Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106569 · Cited by 66
SARS-CoV-2 variants and effectiveness of vaccines: a review of current evidence
Tatsi, E., Filippatos, F., & Michos, A. G. (2021) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0950268821002430 · Cited by 68
“several epidemiological and clinical characteristics [74, 75].”
Ouldali, N., Bagheri, H., Salvo, F., Antona, D., Pariente, A., Leblanc, C., Tebacher, M., Micallef, J., Lévy, C., Cohen, R., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100393 · Cited by 69
Virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections in health care workers
Shamier, M. C., Tostmann, A., Bogers, S., de Wilde, J., IJpelaar, J., van der Kleij, W. A., de Jager, H., Haagmans, B. L., Molenkamp, R., Oude Munnink, B. B., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.08.20.21262158 · Cited by 56
Defending against SARS-CoV-2: The T cell perspective
Almendro-Vázquez, P., Laguna‐Goya, R., & Paz‐Artal, E. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107803 · Cited by 67
Understanding vaccine hesitancy in COVID-19
Trogen, B., & Pirofski, L. (2021) · Med · doi:10.1016/j.medj.2021.04.002 · Cited by 63
“There is also emerging evidence that asymptomatic infection and the ability to transmit SARS-CoV-2 is reduced in vaccinated individuals, suggesting that vaccine-acquired herd immunity can be achieved.(6) However, at a minimum, herd immunity will”
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among high-risk populations in Uganda
Bongomin, F., Olum, R., Biraro, I. A., Nakwagala, F. N., Hassan, K. H., Nassozi, D. R., Kaddumukasa, M., Byakika‐Kibwika, P., Kiguli, S., & Kirenga, B. (2021) · Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease · doi:10.1177/20499361211024376 · Cited by 60
Parry, H., Bruton, R. K., Stephens, C., Brown, K. E., Amirthalingam, G., Otter, A. D., Hallis, B., Zuo, J., & Moss, P. A. H. (2021) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-021-00246-9 · Cited by 65
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in preventing confirmed infection in pregnant women
Butt, A. A., Chemaitelly, H., Al Khal, A., Coyle, P. V., Saleh, H., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., Bertollini, R., Abou-Samra, A.-B., & Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci153662 · Cited by 64
“Subsequent studies in the real-world settings have reported similarly high rates of effectiveness in preventing confirmed infection and nearly 100% effectiveness in preventing severe disease or death (3, 4).”
BackgroundGoldberg, Y., Mandel, M., Woodbridge, Y., Fluss, R., Novikov, I., Yaari, R., Ziv, A., Freedman, L. S., & Huppert, A. (2022) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwac060 · Cited by 64
Waning of SARS-CoV-2 booster viral-load reduction effectiveness
Levine-Tiefenbrun, M., Yelin, I., Alapi, H., Herzel, E., Kuint, J., Chodick, G., Gazit, S., Patalon, T., & Kishony, R. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28936-y · Cited by 63
Therapeutic cancer vaccines revamping: technology advancements and pitfalls
Antonarelli, G., Corti, C., Tarantino, P., Ascione, L., Cortés, J., Romero, P. J., Mittendorf, E., Disis, M. L., & Curigliano, G. (2021) · Annals of Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.2153 · Cited by 64
“Remarkably, antibody persistence was also detected up to 6 months after the completion of the second vaccination boost.(25,161) Briefly, LNPs protect RNA sequence from degradation and allow for stringent spatialetemporal control.”
Kang, M., Yi, Y., Li, Y., Sun, L., Deng, A., Hu, T., Zhang, J., Liu, J., Cheng, M., Xie, S., et al. (2022) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m21-3509 · Cited by 63
Consecutive BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination induces short-term epigenetic memory in innate immune cells
Yamaguchi, Y., Kato, Y., Edahiro, R., Søndergaard, J. N., Murakami, T., Amiya, S., Nameki, S., Yoshimine, Y., Morita, T., Takeshima, Y., et al. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.163347 · Cited by 65
“Among the available vaccines, mRNA-based vaccines that encode the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, including the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 vaccine (Moderna), were among the first administered and have shown significant efficacy (1).”
Simon, S., Joean, O., Welte, T., & Rademacher, J. (2023) · European Respiratory Review · doi:10.1183/16000617.0034-2023 · Cited by 70
“However, both studies were underpowered to conduct a valid subanalysis and evaluate the vaccination efficacy in COPD patients [89, 90].”
BackgroundMao, T., Israelow, B., Suberi, A., Zhou, L., Reschke, M., Peña-Hernández, M. A., Dong, H., Homer, R. J., Saltzman, W., & Iwasaki, A. (2022) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.01.24.477597 · Cited by 57
“Scoring 1-4 as follows: (1) Mild patchy mononuclear infiltrate, parenchymal and perivascular, with variably reactive pneumocytes and stromal rection; (2) Moderate patchy mononuclear infiltrate, parenchymal and perivascular, with variably reactive pneumocytes and stromal rection; (3) Mild, dense mixed infiltrate includ…”
BackgroundParis, C., Perrin, S., Hamonic, S., Bourget, B., Roué, C., Brassard, O., Tadié, E., Gicquel, V., Bénézit, F., Thibault, V., et al. (2021) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.06.043 · Cited by 62
“In Israel, the vaccine effectiveness was 29% (17e39%) 14 days after one dose of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine in the general population, increasing to 90% (83e94%) 7 days after the second dose [5].”
Low, J. G., de Alwis, R., Chen, S., Kalimuddin, S., Leong, Y. S., Mah, T. K. L., Yuen, N., Tan, H. C., Zhang, S. L., Sim, J. X. Y., et al. (2022) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-022-00590-x · Cited by 61
“Accelerated vaccine deployment has started to reverse this trend 2,3 .”
Muhsen, K., Na’aminh, W., Lapidot, Y., Goren, S., Amir, Y., Perlman, S., Green, M. S., Chodick, G., & Cohen, D. (2021) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100130 · Cited by 65
“A real-world study from Israel showed high BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness [44] during a period when the UK variant was circulating in Israel, thus we anticipate that the vaccine will provide protection, although the duration of protection has yet to be determined and new vaccine generation might be needed.”
Cari, L., Fiore, P., Alhosseini, M. N., Sava, G., & Nocentini, G. (2021) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102685 · Cited by 64
Pormohammad, A., Zarei, M., Ghorbani, S., Mohammadi, M., Neshin, S. A. S., Khatami, A., Turner, D., Djalalinia, S., Mousavi, S. A., Mardani-Fard, H. A., et al. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10010023 · Cited by 60
Banho, C. Á., Sacchetto, L., Campos, G. R. F., Bittar, C., Possebon, F. S., Ullmann, L. S., Marques, B. D. C., da Silva, G. C. D., Moraes, M. M., Parra, M. C. P., et al. (2022) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-022-00108-5 · Cited by 63
Diabetes and COVID-19: Short- and Long-Term Consequences
Steenblock, C., Hassanein, M., Khan, E. G., Yaman, M., Kamel, M., Barbir, M., Lorke, D. E., Rock, J. A., Everett, D., Bejtullah, S., et al. (2022) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/a-1878-9566 · Cited by 68
“These findings confirm previous results from Israel showing that the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness is slightly lower among people with a higher number of coexisting conditions, such as obesity, T2DM and hypertension, compared with people with a low number of coexisting conditions [70].”
BackgroundResultMor, V., Gutman, R., Yang, X., White, E. M., McConeghy, K. W., Feifer, R. A., Blackman, C., Kosar, C. M., Bardenheier, B. H., & Gravenstein, S. (2021) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.17176 · Cited by 59
“A recent observational study reported the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to be as effective in the general population of Israel as was seen in the original randomized trial.(1) Relative to unmatched vaccinated cases, vaccinated individuals were less likely to become infected with SARS-CoV-2, develop symptomatic illn…”
Genomic variation, origin tracing, and vaccine development of SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review
Li, T., Huang, T., Guo, C., Wang, A., Shi, X., Mo, X., Lu, Q., Sun, J., Hui, T., Tian, G., et al. (2021) · The Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100116 · Cited by 61
Self-Testing as an Invaluable Tool in Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic
Goggolidou, P., Hodges-Mameletzis, I., Purewal, S., Karakoula, K., & Warr, T. J. (2021) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501327211047782 · Cited by 59
Marra, A. R., Kobayashi, T., Suzuki, H., Alsuhaibani, M., Tofaneto, B. M., Bariani, L. M., Auler, M. D. A., Salinas, J. L., Edmond, M. B., Doll, M. E., et al. (2022) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.035 · Cited by 62
The BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine does not impair sperm parameters
Safrai, M., Herzberg, S., Imbar, T., Reubinoff, B. E., Dior, U. P., & Ben‐Meir, A. (2022) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.01.008 · Cited by 64
Cools, F. J. S., Virdone, S., Sawhney, J. P. S., Lópes, R. D., Jacobson, B. F., Arcelus, J. I., Hobbs, R. F., Gibbs, H. H., Himmelreich, J. C. L., MacCallum, P., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Haematology · doi:10.1016/s2352-3026(22)00173-9 · Cited by 61
Single-cell profiling of the antigen-specific response to BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccine
Kramer, K. J., Wilfong, E. M., Voss, K., Barone, S. M., Shiakolas, A. R., Raju, N., Roe, C. E., Suryadevara, N., Walker, L. M., Wall, S. C., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31142-5 · Cited by 59
Chen, J., & Lu, H. (2021) · BioScience Trends · doi:10.5582/bst.2021.01092 · Cited by 58
VILCHES, T. N., Nourbakhsh, S., Zhang, K., Juden-Kelly, L., Cipriano, L. E., Langley, J. M., Sah, P., Galvani, A. P., & Moghadas, S. M. (2021) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106564 · Cited by 62
Kohmer, N., Rühl, C., Ciesek, S., & Rabenau, H. F. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10102128 · Cited by 59
“In a large study conducted in Israel, the recently available BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine (BioNTech/Pfizer) reduced the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 disease by 94% and the risk of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection by 90% [5].”
BackgroundLotan, I., Wilf‐Yarkoni, A., Friedman, Y., Stiebel‐Kalish, H., Steiner, I., & Hellmann, M. A. (2021) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.15028 · Cited by 59
“Early efficacy outcomes of the BNT162b2 vaccine in Israel confirm that real- life vaccine efficacy is as good as the data reported from Pfizer's earlier clinical trials [19].”
ResultGhosh, S., Shankar, S., Chatterjee, K., Chatterjee, K., Yadav, A., Pandya, K., Suryam, V., Agrawal, S., Ray, S., Phutane, V. S., et al. (2021) · Medical Journal Armed Forces India · doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.06.032 · Cited by 54
“Some early studies of vaccine effectiveness among population have been carried out in a few countries.(7,8) In India, two vaccine candidates, COVISHIELD (Astra Zeneca) and COVAXIN (Bharat Biotech), were accorded emergency use approval on 03 Jan 2021.”
BackgroundSekiguchi, K., Watanabe, N., Miyazaki, N., Ishizuchi, K., Iba, C., Tagashira, Y., Uno, S., Shibata, M., Hasegawa, N., Takemura, R., et al. (2021) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/03331024211038654 · Cited by 59
“Vaccines are effective in preventing not only the infection but also for moderate to severe cases including death (4).”
BackgroundModeling how antibody responses may determine the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines
Padmanabhan, P., Desikan, R., & Dixit, N. M. (2022) · Nature Computational Science · doi:10.1038/s43588-022-00198-0 · Cited by 57
Coverage and Estimated Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines Among US Veterans
Young‐Xu, Y., Korves, C., Roberts, J., Powell, E. I., Zwain, G., Smith, J., & Izurieta, H. S. (2021) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28391 · Cited by 58
Hosani, F. I. A., Stanciole, A. E., Aden, B., Timoshkin, A., Najim, O., Zaher, W. A., AlDhaheri, F. A., Mazrouie, S. A., Rizvi, T. A., & Mustafa, F. (2021) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.039 · Cited by 61
Dealing with a mucosal viral pandemic: lessons from COVID-19 vaccines
Mouro, V., & Fischer, A. (2022) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00517-8 · Cited by 56
Tng, D. J. H., & Low, J. G. H. (2022) · Antiviral Research · doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105488 · Cited by 58
Gu, Y., Yang, H. J., He, C., Zhao, T., Lu, R., Liu, J., Mo, X., Wen, F., & Shi, H. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01479-4 · Cited by 61
Six-Month Efficacy and Toxicity Profile of BNT162b2 Vaccine in Cancer Patients with Solid Tumors
Waldhorn, I., Holland, R., Goshen‐Lago, T., Shirman, Y., Szwarcwort‐Cohen, M., Benaim, A. R., Shachor‐Meyouhas, Y., Hussein, K., Fahoum, L., Peer, A., et al. (2021) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-1072 · Cited by 60
“High efficacy of the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 has been demonstrated in both a large clinical trial and reallife data in the general population (1, 4).”
BackgroundEfficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil
Clemens, S. A. C., Folegatti, P. M., Emary, K. R. W., Weckx, L. Y., Ratcliff, J., Bibi, S., Mendes, A. V. A., Milan, E. P., Pittella, A. M., Schwarzbold, A. V., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25982-w · Cited by 57
Thomas, S. J., Perez, J. L., Lockhart, S. P., Hariharan, S., Kitchin, N. R. E., Bailey, R. E., Liau, K., Lagkadinou, E., Türeci, Ö., Şahin, U., et al. (2021) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.12.046 · Cited by 57
Amar, S., Avni, Y. S., O’Rourke, N., & Michael, T. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46175 · Cited by 60
Zhang, Y., Belayachi, J., Yang, Y., Fu, Q., Rodewald, L. E., Li, H., Yan, B., Wang, Y., Shen, Y., Yang, Q., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14016-9 · Cited by 57
“5% [16, 17], with the main epidemic strain of Alpha.”
BackgroundData capture and sharing in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cause for concern
Dron, L., Kalatharan, V., Gupta, A., Häggström, J., Zariffa, N. M.-D., Morris, A. D., Arora, P., & Park, J. (2022) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00147-9 · Cited by 61
Paul, P., El-Naas, A., Hamad, O., Salameh, M. A., Mhaimeed, N., Laswi, I., Abdelati, A. A., Alanni, J., Khanjar, B., Al‐Ali, D., et al. (2023) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2167410 · Cited by 59
Efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines: From clinical trials to real life
Deplanque, D., & Launay, O. (2021) · Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.therap.2021.05.004 · Cited by 57
“Indeed, as summarized in Table 3, at least 4 studies that had included 20 000 to more than 1 300 000 vaccinated people provide us impressive results on symptomatic or asymptomatic infections, severe infections as well as on mortality [17-20].”
BackgroundInfluentialDoerfler, W. (2021) · Virus Research · doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198466 · Cited by 58
Economic evaluation for mass vaccination against COVID-19
Wang, W., Fann, J. C., Chang, R., Jeng, Y., Hsu, C.-Y., Chen, H.-H., Liu, J., & Yen, A. M. (2021) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2021.05.020 · Cited by 56
“The epidemic curve of COVID-19 in Israel started to decline two weeks after the vaccination program launched on 20th December 2020.(7) The more investment from government has been propagandized with an expected return of a global benefit of USD $17.”
Gazit, S., Shlezinger, R., Perez, G., Lotan, R., Peretz, A., Ben‐Tov, A., Herzel, E., Alapi, H., Cohen, D., Muhsen, K., et al. (2022) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m21-4130 · Cited by 55
Severity of COVID-19 after Vaccination among Hemodialysis Patients
Ashby, D. R., Caplin, B., Corbett, R., Asgari, E., Kumar, N., Sarnowski, A., Hull, R., Makanjuola, D., Cole, N. I., Chen, J., et al. (2022) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.16621221 · Cited by 56
“Vaccine BNT162b2 46 (53) 79 (42) AZD1222 38 (44) 107 (56) Age, median (IQR) 61 (53–72) 71 (58–79) 63 (52–73) 62 (53–73) Sex Men 622 (59) 58 (67) 117 (62) 797 (60) Ethnicity Asian/other 332 (32) 16 (19) 50 (26) 398 (30) Black 401 (38) 28 (33) 79 (42) 508 (38) White 314 (30) 42 (49) 61 (32) 417 (32) Diabetes 484 (46) 42…”
BackgroundRénia, L., Goh, Y. S., Rouers, A., Bert, N. L., Chia, W. N., Chavatte, J., Fong, S., Chang, Z. W., Zhuo, N. Z., Tay, M. Z., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32312-1 · Cited by 62
Metadata
- Authors
- Dagan, N., Barda, N., Kepten, E., Miron, O., Perchik, S., Katz, M. A., Hernán, M. A., Lipsitch, M., Reis, B., & Balicer, R. D.
- Affiliations
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
- From the Clalit Research Institute, Innovation Division, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv (N.D., N.B., E.K., O.M., S.P., M.A.K., R.D.B.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva (O.M., M.A.K., R.D.B.) — both in Israel; University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (M.A.K.); and the Department of Biomedical Informatics (N.D., N.B.), Harvard Medical School (B.R.), the Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.A.H.), and the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Departments of Epidemiology and of Immunology and Infectious Diseases (M.L.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (M.A.H.), and the Predictive Medicine Group, Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital (B.R.) — all in Boston.
- Corresponding author
- Balicer, Ran D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2021-04-15
- Volume
- 384
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1412-1423
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC7944975
- OpenAlex
- W3131688063
- Cited by
- 2,527
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 59 · 2025: 114 · 2024: 202 · 2023: 367 · 2022: 831 · 2021: 926
- FWCI
- 184.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Morris–Singer Fund
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention, symptomatic COVID-19, COVID-19 hospitalization, severe COVID-19, COVID-19 mortality, mass vaccination campaigns, real-world effectiveness, comorbidities, Israel
- MeSH terms
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, BNT162 Vaccine, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Israel, Male, Middle Aged, Incidence, Treatment Outcome, Mass Vaccination, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Young Adult
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