BMPs and Chordin regulate patterning of the directive axis in a sea anemone
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The TGF-β molecules Dpp/BMP2/4/7 and their antagonist Sog/Chd play a conserved role in establishing the dorso-ventral (DV) axis in bilaterians. Homologues of BMPs and the antagonist, Chordin, have been isolated from Cnidaria and show a striking asymmetric expression pattern with respect to the primary oral-aboral (OA) axis. We used Morpholino knockdowns of Nematostella dpp ( bmp2/4 ), bmp5-8 , chordin , and tolloid to investigate their function during early development of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis . Molecular analysis of the BMP Morpholino phenotypes revealed an upregulated and radialized expression of bmps and chordin in ectoderm and endoderm indicating a negative feedback loop. Our data further suggest that BMP signaling is required for symmetry breaking of bmp and chordin expression during gastrulation. While bmps and chordin marker genes of the ectodermal OA axis extended aborally, other ectodermal markers of the OA axis were not significantly affected. By contrast, expression of other endodermal marker genes marking both the OA and the directive axis were abolished. Our data suggest that the logic of BMP2/4 signaling and the BMP antagonist, Chordin, differs significantly between Cnidaria and Bilateria, yet the double negative feedback loop detected in Nematostella bears systemic similarities with part of the regulatory network of the DV axis patterning system in amphibians.
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Some marker genes for the bilaterian CNS (SoxB1 and Nk2.1) are exclusively expressed in the oral nervous system in N. vectensis.
“some of marker genes for bilaterians CNS (that is, SoxB1 and Nk2.1) are exclusively expressed in the oral nervous system in N. vectensis1236.”
From Sequential actions of β-catenin and Bmp pattern the oral nerve net in Nematostella vectensis (2014) · cites this paper as [36]
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- Authors
- Saina, M., Genikhovich, G., Renfer, E., & Technau, U.
- Affiliations
- University of Bergen (NO)
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2009-11-03
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 44
- Pages
- 18592-18597
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2773963
- OpenAlex
- W2116384301
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Phaidra (Universität Wien) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Keywords
- BMP signaling, chordin, Nematostella vectensis, sea anemone, oral-aboral axis, TGF-beta, SOG, Tolloid, gastrulation, symmetry breaking, negative feedback loop, morpholino knockdown, endoderm, ectoderm
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Ectoderm, Endoderm, Glycoproteins, Humans, Models, Biological, Neurons, Sea Anemones, Signal Transduction, Biomarkers, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Body Patterning, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Gastrulation, Gene Knockdown Techniques
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