Cited by 188Stress Responses and CortisolMemory and Neural MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Motor, cognitive, and affective areas of the cerebral cortex influence the adrenal medulla

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Dum, Richard P., Levinthal, David J., Strick, Peter L.·2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Significance: How does the “mind” (brain) influence the “body” (internal organs)? We identified key areas in the primate cerebral cortex that are linked through multisynaptic connections to the adrenal medulla. The most substantial influence originates from a broad network of motor areas that are involved in all aspects of skeletomotor control from response selection to motor preparation and movement execution. A smaller influence originates from a network in medial prefrontal cortex that is involved in the regulation of cognition and emotion. Thus, cortical areas involved in the control of movement, cognition, and affect are potential sources of central commands to influence sympathetic arousal. These results provide an anatomical basis for psychosomatic illness where mental states can alter organ function.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.1605044113

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  • A complementary set of regions involved in visceromotor actions represents key efferent processing regions, including the anterior insula, anterior cingulate, subgenual cingulate, orbitofrontal, ventromedial prefrontal, supplementary motor, and premotor areas.

    “A complementary set of regions involved in visceromotor actions represents key efferent processing regions, including the anterior insula, anterior cingulate, subgenual cingulate, orbitofrontal, ventromedial prefrontal, supplementary motor, and premotor areas (44–46).”

    From Interoception and Mental Health: A Roadmap. (2018) · cites this paper as [46]

    The paper’s main text (page unavailable) identifies supplementary motor, dorsal premotor, anterior cingulate, and subgenual cingulate regions as sources of descending influence on the adrenal medulla; its Fig. 2 caption also identifies orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal areas. It does not identify the anterior insula as part of this set, and its evidence concerns pathways to the adrenal medulla in monkeys rather than establishing the entire list as general efferent-processing regions. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Ongür D, An X, Price JL (1998) Prefrontal cortical projections to the hypothalamus in macaque monkeys. J Comp Neurol 401(4):480-505.

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Authors
Dum, R. P., Levinthal, D. J., & Strick, P. L.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
Strick, Peter L.
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2016-08-15
Volume
113
Issue
35
Pages
9922-9927
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2512266290
Cited by
188
References
84
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 4
FWCI
17.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01 NS24328, P40 OD010996, P30 NS076405)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32 DK063922, K08 DK101756)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
adrenal medulla, cerebral cortex, supplementary motor area, anterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, sympathetic nervous system, autonomic regulation, psychosomatic disorders, chronic stress, depression, neural circuits
MeSH terms
Adrenal Medulla, Animals, Biological Transport, Cebus, Cerebral Cortex, Cognition, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Male, Motor Cortex, Movement, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Rabies, Rabies virus, Prefrontal Cortex

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