Cited by 166Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlCardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic DisordersNeuroscience of respiration and sleep

Brain systems for baroreflex suppression during stress in humans

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Gianaros, Peter J., Onyewuenyi, Ikechukwu C., Sheu, Lei K., Christie, Israel C., Critchley, Hugo D.·2012·Human Brain Mapping

Abstract

The arterial baroreflex is a key mechanism for the homeostatic control of blood pressure (BP). In animals and humans, psychological stressors suppress the capacity of the arterial baroreflex to control short‐term fluctuations in BP, reflected by reduced baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). While animal studies have characterized the brain systems that link stressor processing to BRS suppression, comparable human studies are lacking. Here, we measured beat‐to‐beat BP and heart rate (HR) in 97 adults who performed a multisource interference task that evoked changes in spontaneous BRS, which were quantified by a validated sequence method. The same 97 participants also performed the task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of brain activity. Across participants, task performance (i) increased BP and HR and (ii) reduced BRS. Analyses of fMRI data further demonstrated that a greater task‐evoked reduction in BRS covaried with greater activity in brain systems important for central autonomic and cardiovascular control, particularly the cingulate cortex, insula, amygdala, and midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG). Moreover, task performance increased the functional connectivity of a discrete area of the anterior insula with both the cingulate cortex and amygdala. In parallel, this same insula area showed increased task‐evoked functional connectivity with midbrain PAG and pons. These novel findings provide human evidence for the brain systems presumptively involved in suppressing baroreflex functionality, with relevance for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of stressor‐related cardiovascular reactivity and associated risk for essential hypertension and atherosclerotic heart disease. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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  1. Gray MA Minati L Harrison NA Gianaros PJ Napadow V Critchley HD 2009a Physiological recordings: Basic concepts and implementation in the fMRI scanner NeuroImage 47 1105 1115 19460445 PMC2741582
  2. McEwen BS Gianaros PJ Plasticity of the brain in relationship to stress Annu Rev Med 62 431 445 20707675 PMC4251716
  3. Wager TD Waugh CE Lindquist MA Noll DC Fredrickson BL Taylor SF 2009b Brain mediators of cardiovascular responses to social threat. I. Reciprocal dorsal and ventral sub-regions of the medial prefrontal cortex and heart-rate reactivity NeuroImage 47 821 835 19465137 PMC3275821

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Authors
Gianaros, P. J., Onyewuenyi, I. C., Sheu, L. K., Christie, I. C., & Critchley, H. D.
Affiliations
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • Brighton and Sussex Medical School (GB)
Venue
Human Brain Mapping
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2011-05-12
Volume
33
Issue
7
Pages
1700-1716
ISSN
  • 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
  • 1097-0193
OpenAlex
W2012387279
Cited by
166
References
118
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 7
FWCI
9.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL089850)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Keywords
baroreflex sensitivity, psychological stress, blood pressure regulation, heart rate, anterior insula, cingulate cortex, amygdala, periaqueductal gray, functional connectivity, central autonomic control, cardiovascular reactivity, essential hypertension, atherosclerotic heart disease
MeSH terms
Adult, Blood Pressure, Brain, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neural Inhibition, Psychomotor Performance, Stress, Psychological, Baroreflex

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