Reactive Oxygen and Targeted Antioxidant Administration in Endothelial Cell Mitochondria

O'Malley, Yunxia; Fink, Brian D.; Ross, Nicolette C.; Prisinzano, Thomas E.; Sivitz, William I.

doi:10.1074/jbc.m608268200

Cited by 123Mitochondrial Function and PathologyRedox biology and oxidative stressCoenzyme Q10 studies and effects

Reactive Oxygen and Targeted Antioxidant Administration in Endothelial Cell Mitochondria

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O'Malley, Yunxia, Fink, Brian D., Ross, Nicolette C., Prisinzano, Thomas E., Sivitz, William I.·2006·Journal of Biological Chemistry

DOI 10.1074/jbc.m608268200

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Abstract

We used fluorescent probes and EPR to study the mechanism(s) underlying reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by endothelial cell mitochondria and the action of mitoquinol, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. ROS measured by fluorescence resulted from complex I superoxide released to the matrix and converted to H(2)O(2). In contrast, EPR largely detected superoxide generated at complex III and effluxed outward. ROS fluorescence by mitochondria fueled by the complex II substrate, succinate, was substantial but markedly inhibited by rotenone. Superoxide, detected by EPR, in succinate-fueled mitochondria was not inhibited by rotenone and likely derived from semiquinone formation at complex III. Mitoquinol decreased H(2)O(2) fluorescence by succinate-fueled mitochondria but had little effect on the EPR signal for superoxide. This was not associated with a detectable decrease in membrane potential. Mitoquinol markedly enhanced ROS fluorescence in mitochondria fueled by the complex I substrates, glutamate and malate. Inhibitor studies suggested that this occurred in complex I, at one or more Q binding pockets. The above effects of mitoquinol were determined in mitochondria isolated and subsequently exposed to the targeted antioxidant. However, similar effects were observed in mitochondria after antecedent exposure to mitoquinol/mitoquinone in culture, suggesting that the agent is retained after isolation of the organelles. In conclusion, ROS production in bovine aortic endothelial cell mitochondria results largely from reverse transport to complex I and through the Q cycle in complex III. Mitoquinol blocks ROS from reverse electron transport but increases superoxide production derived from forward transport. These effects likely occur at one or more Q binding sites in complex I.

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Stigmatellin markedly reduced the EPR signal.
“Further, stigmatellin, which blocks electron entry to the complex III Q-cycle, markedly reduced the EPR signal.”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetes: From Molecular Mechanisms to Functional Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities (2010) · cites this paper as [241]
These compounds markedly increased or decreased superoxide production, when assayed as DHPA fluorescence, depending on substrate provided for fuel.
“These compounds markedly increased or decreased superoxide production, when assayed as DHPA fluorescence, depending on substrate provided for fuel (241).”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetes: From Molecular Mechanisms to Functional Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities (2010) · cites this paper as [241]
During respiration on complex I substrates, superoxide appears to result from redox cycling of endogenous CoQ10 or exogenous analogues at Q-binding sites within complex I.
“During respiration on complex I substrates, superoxide appears to result from redox cycling of endogenous CoQ10 or exogenous analogues at Q-binding sites within complex I (84, 185, 241).”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetes: From Molecular Mechanisms to Functional Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities (2010) · cites this paper as [241]
Mitoquinone had essentially no effect on superoxide production with EPR spectroscopy.
“As opposed to DHPA fluorescence, we found that mitoquinone had essentially no effect on superoxide production with EPR spectroscopy (241).”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetes: From Molecular Mechanisms to Functional Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities (2010) · cites this paper as [241]

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Superoxide and Respiratory Coupling in Mitochondria of Insulin-Deficient Diabetic Rats
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mtDNA G10398A variant in African-American women with breast cancer provides resistance to apoptosis and promotes metastasis in mice
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PARP-inhibition reprograms macrophages toward an anti-tumor phenotype
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Oxaloacetic acid mediates ADP-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial complex II-driven respiration
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Mitochondria sense bacterial lactate and drive release of neutrophil extracellular traps
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A Mitochondrial-Targeted Coenzyme Q Analog Prevents Weight Gain and Ameliorates Hepatic Dysfunction in High-Fat–Fed Mice
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Mitochondrial‐targeted nitroxides disrupt mitochondrial architecture and inhibit expression of peroxiredoxin 3 and FOXM1 in malignant mesothelioma cells
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Endothelial Cell and Platelet Bioenergetics: Effect of Glucose and Nutrient Composition
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Subset-specific mitochondrial stress and DNA damage shape T cell responses to fever and inflammation
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Reactive oxygen species involved in CT26 immunogenic cell death induced by Clostridium difficile toxin B
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Mitochondrial Function in Diabetes: Novel Methodology and New Insight
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The role of the PCM in reducing oxidative stress induced by radical initiated photoencapsulation of chondrocytes in poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels
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Superoxide production by mitochondria of insulin-sensitive tissues: mechanistic differences and effect of early diabetes
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Family with Sequence Similarity 5, Member C (FAM5C) Increases Leukocyte Adhesion Molecules in Vascular Endothelial Cells: Implication in Vascular Inflammation
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Metabolic effects of a mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q analog in high fat fed obese mice
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Modulation of complex II‐energized respiration in muscle, heart, and brown adipose mitochondria by oxaloacetate and complex I electron flow
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Voltage-Dependent Regulation of Complex II Energized Mitochondrial Oxygen Flux
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A fluorescence probe with targeted mitochondria was developed for detecting H2O2 in vitro and vivo
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Membrane potential‐dependent regulation of mitochondrial complex II by oxaloacetate in interscapular brown adipose tissue
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Selpercatinib combination with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ effectively suppresses RET–mutant thyroid cancer
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Oxaloacetate regulates complex II respiration in brown fat: dependence on UCP1 expression
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Impaired utilization of membrane potential by complex II-energized mitochondria of obese, diabetic mice assessed using ADP recycling methodology
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Endothelial Function Biomarkers in Hypertension
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Erlotinib combination with a mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone effectively suppresses pancreatic cancer cell survival
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Effect of the mitochondrial transaminase (GOT2) on membrane potential-sensitive respiration in mitochondria of differentiated C2C12 muscle cells
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Mitoquinol improves phagocytosis and glycolysis in ethanol-exposed macrophages via HIF-1α-PFKP axis
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How to cancel the program of body aging?
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Mitochondrial Redox Cycling of Mitoquinone Leads to Superoxide Production and Cellular Apoptosis
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Mitochondrial Targeted Coenzyme Q, Superoxide, and Fuel Selectivity in Endothelial Cells
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Supplementation of Endothelial Cells with Mitochondria-targeted Antioxidants Inhibit Peroxide-induced Mitochondrial Iron Uptake, Oxidative Damage, and Apoptosis
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Reactive oxygen species are generated by the respiratory complex <scp>II</scp> – evidence for lack of contribution of the reverse electron flow in complex <scp>I</scp>
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Quantitative optical measurement of mitochondrial superoxide dynamics in pulmonary artery endothelial cells
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Authors: O'Malley, Y., Fink, B. D., Ross, N. C., Prisinzano, T. E., & Sivitz, W. I.
Affiliations: University of Iowa (US)
Corresponding author: Sivitz, William I.
ORCID: Fink, Brian D.
Prisinzano, Thomas E.
Sivitz, William I.
Venue: Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-12
Volume: 281
Issue: 52
Pages: 39766-39775
ISSN: 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m608268200
OpenAlex: W1971215002
Cited by: 123
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 2.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 5043 d)
Locations: Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-25295, P30DK025295)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
Keywords: reactive oxygen species, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, superoxide, complex I, cytochrome bc1 complex, Q-cycle, reverse electron transfer, semiquinone, rotenone, succinic acid, glutamate, malate, hydrogen peroxide, mitochondrial membrane potential
MeSH terms: Animals, Antioxidants, Cattle, Cells, Cultured, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Male, Membrane Potentials, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mitochondria, Muscle, Organophosphorus Compounds, Ubiquinone, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Membranes, Mice

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Reactive Oxygen and Targeted Antioxidant Administration in Endothelial Cell Mitochondria

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