Cited by 257Adipose Tissue and MetabolismMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerMuscle Physiology and Disorders

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A role for the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in muscle refueling.

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Wende, Adam R., Schaeffer, Paul J., Parker, Glendon J., Zechner, Christoph, Han, Dong-Ho, Chen, May M., Hancock, Chad R., Lehman, John J., Huss, Janice M., McClain, Donald A., Holloszy, John O., Kelly, Daniel P.·2007·Journal of Biological Chemistry

DOI 10.1074/jbc.m707006200

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Abstract

The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) has been identified as an inducible regulator of mitochondrial function. Skeletal muscle PGC-1alpha expression is induced post-exercise. Therefore, we sought to determine its role in the regulation of muscle fuel metabolism. Studies were performed using conditional, muscle-specific, PGC-1alpha gain-of-function and constitutive, generalized, loss-of-function mice. Forced expression of PGC-1alpha increased muscle glucose uptake concomitant with augmentation of glycogen stores, a metabolic response similar to post-exercise recovery. Induction of muscle PGC-1alpha expression prevented muscle glycogen depletion during exercise. Conversely, PGC-1alpha-deficient animals exhibited reduced rates of muscle glycogen repletion post-exercise. PGC-1alpha was shown to increase muscle glycogen stores via several mechanisms including stimulation of glucose import, suppression of glycolytic flux, and by down-regulation of the expression of glycogen phosphorylase and its activating kinase, phosphorylase kinase alpha. These findings identify PGC-1alpha as a critical regulator of skeletal muscle fuel stores.

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BackgroundInfluential
Exercise training, but not resveratrol, improves metabolic and inflammatory status in skeletal muscle of aged men
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“…muscle of young mice (Leick et al. 2008; Geng et al. 2010), other studies have emphasized a role of PGC-1α in basal mitochondrial function (Lin et al. 2002, 2004; Handschin et al. 2007; Wende et al. 2007) and exercise training-induced mitochondrial adaptations (Geng et al. 2010; Leick et al. 2010).”
Background
The metabolic modulator PGC-1α in cancer.
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Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) Promotes Skeletal Muscle Lipid Refueling in Vivo by Activating de Novo Lipogenesis and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway*
Summermatter, S., Baum, O., Santos, G., Hoppeler, H. H., & Handschin, C. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.145995 · Cited by 115
Endurance capacity of mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running
Meek, T. H., Lonquich, B. P., Hannon, R. M., & Garland, T. (2009) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.028886 · Cited by 114
PGC-1α Induces SPP1 to Activate Macrophages and Orchestrate Functional Angiogenesis in Skeletal Muscle
Rowe, G. C., Raghuram, S., Jang, C., Nagy, J. A., Patten, I. S., Goyal, A., Chan, M. C., Liu, L. X., Jiang, A., Spokes, K., et al. (2014) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.115.303829 · Cited by 115
Effect of Exercise Training on Fat Loss—Energetic Perspectives and the Role of Improved Adipose Tissue Function and Body Fat Distribution
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Insulin Receptor Substrates Are Essential for the Bioenergetic and Hypertrophic Response of the Heart to Exercise Training
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The PGC-1 cascade as a therapeutic target for heart failure
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Nanosilver Incurs an Adaptive Shunt of Energy Metabolism Mode to Glycolysis in Tumor and Nontumor Cells
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The role of PGC‐1 coactivators in aging skeletal muscle and heart
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PGC-1α is required for AICAR-induced expression of GLUT4 and mitochondrial proteins in mouse skeletal muscle
Leick, L., Fentz, J., Biensø, R. S., Knudsen, J. G., Jeppesen, J. F., Kiens, B., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., & Pilegaard, H. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00648.2009 · Cited by 101
Coordination of mitochondrial biogenesis by PGC-1α in human skeletal muscle: A re-evaluation
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PGC-1α Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle in an Activity-Dependent Manner
Summermatter, S., Shui, G., Maag, D., Santos, G., Wenk, M. R., & Handschin, C. (2012) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-0291 · Cited by 96
Ubiquitin Proteasome-dependent Degradation of the Transcriptional Coactivator PGC-1α via the N-terminal Pathway
Trausch‐Azar, J. S., Leone, T. C., Kelly, D. P., & Schwartz, A. L. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.131615 · Cited by 90
PGC-1α-mediated regulation of gene expression and metabolism: implications for nutrition and exercise prescriptions
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Cardiac adaptation to exercise training in health and disease
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Efficacy and risk profile of anti-diabetic therapies: Conventional vs traditional drugs—A mechanistic revisit to understand their mode of action
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Mitochondrial remodeling: Rearranging, recycling, and reprogramming
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“Overexpression of PGC-1α is sufficient to drive mitochondrial biogenesis (56).”
Background
Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and GLUT4 Expression by Exercise
Holloszy, J. O. (2011) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c100052 · Cited by 99
“Overexpression of PGC-1 also induces an increase in GLUT4, showing that GLUT4 expression and mitochondrial biogenesis are regulated in parallel (143, 224).”
Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Genes by PGC-1α
Shoag, J., & Arany, Z. (2010) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.108.181636 · Cited by 96
The Implication of PGC-1α on Fatty Acid Transport across Plasma and Mitochondrial Membranes in the Insulin Sensitive Tissues
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“The concomitant growth in cellular PGC-1α and FAT/CD36 amount was also confirmed in other studies with skeletal musclerestrictedmurine PGC-1α transgenic models (Wende et al., 2007; Choi et al., 2008).”
Result
Immune and Neuroprotective Effects of Physical Activity on the Brain in Depression
Phillips, C., & Fahimi, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00498 · Cited by 89
“…that enable cells modulate mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular respiration rates, and energy substrate uptake and utilization—changes that are particularly important for contractile and metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle (Puigserver and Spiegelman, 2003; Wende et al., 2007; Scarpulla, 2008).”
Background
PGC-1α in Disease: Recent Renal Insights into a Versatile Metabolic Regulator
Chambers, J. M., & Wingert, R. A. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9102234 · Cited by 76
“This relationship between PGC-1α and glucose in skeletal muscles is extended to the process of glucose disposal [30,36].”
Background
Exercise-induced PGC-1α transcriptional factors in skeletal muscle
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Maintaining Myocardial Glucose Utilization in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Accelerates Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Wende, A. R., Schell, J. C., Ha, C., Pepin, M. E., Khalimonchuk, O., Schwertz, H., Pereira, R. O., Brahma, M. K., Tuinei, J., Contreras‐Ferrat, A. E., et al. (2020) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db19-1057 · Cited by 74
Obesity and nutrient sensing TOR pathway in flies and vertebrates: Functional conservation of genetic mechanisms
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“PGC-1 controls mitochondrial biogenesis and functions in a necessary and sufficient fashion that is essential for cardiac physiology [74].”
Background
Multifaceted roles of miR-1s in repressing the fetal gene program in the heart
Wei, Y., Peng, S., Wu, M., Sachidanandam, R., Tu, Z., Zhang, S., Falce, C., Sobie, E. A., Lebeche, D., & Zhao, Y. B. (2014) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2014.12 · Cited by 72
PGC-1α-induced improvements in skeletal muscle metabolism and insulin sensitivityThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 14th International Biochemistry of Exercise Conference – Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.
Bonen, A. (2009) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h09-008 · Cited by 70
Hibernating squirrel muscle activates the endurance exercise pathway despite prolonged immobilization
Xu, R., Andrés‐Mateos, E., Mejı́as, R., MacDonald, E. M., Leinwand, L. A., Merriman, D. K., Fink, R., & Cohn, R. D. (2013) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.01.005 · Cited by 69
“By activating Nrf-1 and MEF-2A, PGC-1α coordinates the increase of GLUT4, which is associated with enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose transport (Baar et al., 2003; Wende et al., 2007).”
Background
PGC-1α and exercise intensity dependent adaptations in mouse skeletal muscle
Brandt, N., Dethlefsen, M. M., Bangsbo, J., & Pilegaard, H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185993 · Cited by 71
Regulatory circuitry of TWEAK‐Fn14 system and PGC‐1α in skeletal muscle atrophy program
Hindi, S. M., Mishra, V. K., Bhatnagar, S., Tajrishi, M. M., Ogura, Y., Yan, Z., Burkly, L. C., Zheng, T. S., & Kumar, A. (2013) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.13-242123 · Cited by 69
Role of PGC-1α in exercise and fasting-induced adaptations in mouse liver
Haase, T. N., Ringholm, S., Leick, L., Biensø, R. S., Kiilerich, K., Johansen, S., Nielsen, M. M., Wojtaszewski, J. F., Hidalgo, J., Pedersen, P. A., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00775.2010 · Cited by 66
Phosphofructo-1-Kinase Deficiency Leads to a Severe Cardiac and Hematological Disorder in Addition to Skeletal Muscle Glycogenosis
García, M., Pujol, A., Ruzo, A., Riu, E., Ruberte, J., Arbós, A., Serafín, A., Albella, B., Felíu, J. E., & Bosch, F. (2009) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000615 · Cited by 66
“Moreover, PGC-1a up-regulation was probably responsible for the increased expression of GLUT-4 and HK-II in skeletal muscle of Pfkm mice [28].”
Background
MitoTimer: a novel protein for monitoring mitochondrial turnover in the heart
Gottlieb, R. A., & Stotland, A. B. (2014) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-014-1230-6 · Cited by 66
Optimizing Intramuscular Adaptations to Aerobic Exercise: Effects of Carbohydrate Restriction and Protein Supplementation on Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Margolis, L. M., & Pasiakos, S. M. (2013) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.113.004572 · Cited by 63
Skeletal muscle and beyond: the role of exercise as a mediator of systemic mitochondrial biogenesis
Little, J. P., Safdar, A., Benton, C. R., & Wright, D. C. (2011) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h11-076 · Cited by 62
Targets and delivery methods for therapeutic angiogenesis in peripheral artery disease
Ouma, G. O., Jonas, R. A., Usman, M. H. U., & Mohler, E. R. (2012) · Vascular Medicine · doi:10.1177/1358863x12438270 · Cited by 63
Muscle–brain crosstalk mediated by exercise-induced myokines - insights from experimental studies
Kostka, M., Morys, J., Małecki, A., & Nowacka-Chmielewska, M. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2024.1488375 · Cited by 75
Fiber Type Conversion by PGC-1α Activates Lysosomal and Autophagosomal Biogenesis in Both Unaffected and Pompe Skeletal Muscle
Takikita, S., Schreiner, C., Baum, R., Xie, T., Ralston, E., Plotz, P. H., & Raben, N. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015239 · Cited by 60
“This increase in muscle glycogen stores in skeletal muscle of PGC-1a transgenic mice was also due to the inhibition of glycolysis and down-regulation of glycogen phosphorylase, the enzyme responsible for the degradation of glycogen in the cytoplasm [37].”
Background
Dual modulation of both lipid oxidation and synthesis by peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α and ‐1β in cultured myotubes
Espinoza, D., Boros, L. G., Crunkhorn, S., Gami, H., & Patti, M. (2009) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.09-133728 · Cited by 60
“The net effect of PGC-1 activity in skeletal muscle is to increase mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation (11), promote fiber type switching to more oxidative type I, IIA (6), or IIX fibers (7), and increase glucose uptake and glycogen storage (12), mediated in part via increased expression of the gluc…”
Background
Early mitochondrial dysfunction in glycolytic muscle, but not oxidative muscle, of the fructose-fed insulin-resistant rat
Warren, B. E., Lou, P., Lucchinetti, E., Zhang, L., Clanachan, A. S., Affolter, A., Hersberger, M., Zaugg, M., & Lemieux, H. (2014) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00511.2013 · Cited by 56
Maternal Inactivity Programs Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Offspring Mice by Attenuating Apelin Signaling and Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Son, J. S., Chae, S. A., Wang, H., Chen, Y., Iniguez, A. B., de Avila, J. M., Jiang, Z., Zhu, M.-J., & Du, ‬. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108461 · Cited by 56
“…is enhanced by endurance exercise training, which stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and switches muscle fiber type composition (Lin et al., 2002; Wende et al., 2007) that is accompanied with switching from carbohydrates to lipids as the major source of energy during endurance exercise (Cantó…”
Background
Temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression in skeletal muscles in response to swim training in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)
LeMoine, C. M. R., Craig, P. M., Dhekney, K., Kim, J. J., & McClelland, G. B. (2009) · Journal of Comparative Physiology B · doi:10.1007/s00360-009-0398-5 · Cited by 58
“Besides its role in regulating mitochondrial content, PGC-1 has recently been associated with other homeostatic responses in muscles, including orchestrating reestablishment of glycogen stores, and regulating fatty acid oxidation (Lee et al. 2006; Wende et al. 2007 ); both crucial for skeletal muscle recovery from exe…”
Background
Post-natal induction of PGC-1α protects against severe muscle dystrophy independently of utrophin
Chan, M. C., Rowe, G. C., Raghuram, S., Patten, I. S., Farrell, C., & Arany, Z. P. (2014) · Skeletal Muscle · doi:10.1186/2044-5040-4-2 · Cited by 57
Transcriptome Analysis of Post-Hatch Breast Muscle in Legacy and Modern Broiler Chickens Reveals Enrichment of Several Regulators of Myogenic Growth
Davis, R. V. N., Lamont, S. J., Rothschild, M. F., Persia, M. E., Ashwell, C. M., & Schmidt, C. J. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122525 · Cited by 58
“Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1-α (PPARGC1A) is a transcriptional co-activator enriched in the D6 Ross 708 samples that promotes myoblast proliferation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and lipid transport, along with fatty acid and glucose oxidation [40–42].”
Background

Authors: Wende, A. R., Schaeffer, P. J., Parker, G. J., Zechner, C., Han, D.-H., Chen, M. M., Hancock, C. R., Lehman, J. J., Huss, J. M., McClain, D. A., Holloszy, J. O., & Kelly, D. P.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
University of Utah (US)
Corresponding author: Kelly, Daniel P.
ORCID: Wende, Adam R.
Parker, Glendon J.
Zechner, Christoph
Hancock, Chad R.
McClain, Donald A.
Kelly, Daniel P.
Venue: Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2007-12
Volume: 282
Issue: 50
Pages: 36642-36651
ISSN: 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m707006200
OpenAlex: W2130246533
Cited by: 257
References: 69
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 13.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 4708 d)
Locations: Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5p60dk020579-35)
National Institute on Aging (R01AG000425)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007275)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK045416, P60-DK-020579, P30DK056341, P30DK052574, R01DK074700)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords: PGC-1α, glycogen stores, glucose uptake, post-exercise recovery, mitochondrial biogenesis, glycogen phosphorylase, glycolytic flux, glucose transport
MeSH terms: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha, Animals, Glucose, Glycogen, Mice, Transgenic, Mitochondria, Muscle, Muscle Proteins, Phosphorylase Kinase, Transcription Factors, Trans-Activators, Muscle, Skeletal, Glycogen Phosphorylase, Mice

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A role for the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in muscle refueling.

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