Construct validity of the need to belong scale: mapping the nomological network
Abstract
Nine studies examined the construct validity of the Need to Belong Scale. The desire for acceptance and belonging correlated with, but was distinct from, variables that involve a desire for social contact, such as extraversion and affiliation motivation. Furthermore, need to belong scores were not related to insecure attachment or unfulfilled needs for acceptance. Need to belong was positively correlated with extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism and with having an identity that is defined in terms of social attributes. Need to belong was associated with emotional reactions to rejection, values involving interpersonal relationships, and subclinical manifestations of certain personality disorders.
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The need to belong scale had a Cronbach's α of 0.743 and was adapted from Leary et al. (2013).
“The need to belong scale (Cronbach’s α = 0.743) was adapted from Leary et al. (2013).”
From From humans to AI: understanding why AI is perceived as the preferred co-creation partner (2025) · cites this paper as Leary et al., 2013
The Need to Belong Scale has good internal reliability (alpha = .83).
“The internal reliability of the NTBS was good (a = .83)(Leary, Kelly, Cottrell, & Schreindorfer, 2013).”
From THE ROLE OF INTIMACY, BELONGING, SELF-ESTEEM INTHE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANXIOUS, AVOIDANT ATTACHMENT AND FORGIVENESS AMONG MARRIED IRANIAN WOMEN (2021) · cites this paper as Leary, Kelly, Cottrell, & Schreindorfer, 2013
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- Authors
- Leary, M. R., Kelly, K. M., Cottrell, C. A., & Schreindorfer, L. S.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Western Illinois University (US)
- New College of Florida (US)
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality Assessment
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 610-624
- ISSN
- 0022-3891 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7752
- OpenAlex
- W2050350414
- Cited by
- 855
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 67 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 85 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 88 · 2020: 91 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 72 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 44.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality Assessment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Newcastle Australia
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- need to belong, construct validity, nomological network, extraversion, need for affiliation, insecure attachment, rejection sensitivity, interpersonal values, personality disorders, Big Five personality traits
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Motivation, Personality, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Concept, Social Behavior, Social Identification, Social Support, Young Adult
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